Position paper for Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice
| Country: | Armenia |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| Ensuring equal access to justice is a fundamental freedom as it grants people the ability to secure their rights efficiently and ethically under the law. However, it prevails to be elusive for many people globally; resulting in exploitation and the development of numerous barriers that hinder ones ability to be adequately assisted legally. Thus, we are harmonious with the notion that justice for all is an inalienable right that should be granted to all. Nevertheless, some obstacles persist that hinder the ability to build a strong judicial system that does not discriminate against the marginalized. Therefore, addressing legal, social, and institutional barriers that prevent fair treatment for marginalized groups is crucial to solving the injustice that remains in Armenia and other member states. The Council of Europes HELP Programme continues supporting the Armenian Academy of Justice by enhancing the knowledge of judges, prosecutors, and investigators on the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) and the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) case law. On February 23, 2022, the Armenian version of the HELP course on "Access to Justice for Women" was launched with the support of the UK. The course aims to strengthen gender-sensitive approaches to justice, especially for women and is part of a broader EU-CoE initiative. We are committed to working cooperatively with member states and the United Nations to encourage similar legislation, to ensure equal access to justice; thus, upholding human dignity, maintaining the rule of law, promoting democracy, reducing inequality, and fulfilling moral and ethical societal responsibilities. | |
| Country: | Armenia |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| Transnational organized crime and corruption has been an issue that is very prevalent throughout the world, and has been increasingly seen in more recent times as the democracy index has started to decline. While types and prevalence of organized crime across the world is different across each region and country, the various forms such as drug, human, and sex trafficking affect every human and state across the world no matter who is involved. Transnational organized crime can be defined as a complex, global threat that involves criminal organizations going across national borders to conduct illegal activities. This organized crime often has deals with various government officials through bribes or threats in order to make their conduct successful. The governments position in organized crime also corresponds to corruption levels within their countries, thus causing consequences for their citizens as well as global partners. Armenia is a small country in the caucasus region of and Western Asia that was a former soviet republic. The issues regarding this topic have been prevalent throughout the country but numbers of both organized crime and corruption have fallen over the past five years. In 2018, the citizens of Armenia peacefully overthrew the semi-authoritarian government of President Serzh Sargsyan and established a democratic regime which is widely known as the Velvet Revolution. After growing discontent with the toppling economy as well as the corruption in the government, the citizens acted and have, for the most part, contributed to a successful change in regime. Despite having a new regime with relatively low levels of crime on a global level, transnational organized crime is still a concern in landlocked Armenia. Due to its location on the crossroads of Asia, Europe, and Africa, organized crime groups have found Armenia attractive when it comes to smuggling their goods into or through the nation. INTERPOL has claimed Armenias main areas of concern as being the smuggling of various goods across the border that eventually lead to money laundering or violent crime. Promoting democracy is always a solution for combating corruption, especially as accountability is a lot more prevalent in society; something that has been seen in Armenia since 2018. However, democracy may not always be the solution for dealing with corruption problems, especially since that regime may not work for every country and corruption may not be weeded out either. Other solutions can include better border security, especially in landlocked countries such as Armenia that only have land borders. This solution could, in turn, limit what substances go in and out of the country and ensure more safety of its citizens. While also securing borders, it is also imperative to work alongside other countries to foster partnerships to combat this, especially considering that these organizations are transnational. In the age of advanced technology such as artificial intelligence, advancing technology with global partnerships will also be essential in dealing with these organizations that always seem to be one step ahead. Tackling this issue is not something that can be done alone, and having global cooperation is necessary. | |
| Country: | Austria |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| Austria is aware of the threats posed by transnational organized crime, which involves arms smuggling, drug trafficking, human trafficking, and cybercrime. In the year 2023, Austria had a 15% increase in drug-related offenses. This illustrates the urgent need for coordinated global response to help aid in the dealing of these challenges. To help improve the international fight against Transnational Organized Crime, Austria advocates for the establishment of a Transnational Crime Task Force, including representatives from various nations to help aid in intelligence sharing and joint operations against organized crime. This task force would help set laws to prevent smuggling from country to country. Austria would also like to recognize the various nature of organized crime particularly in cybercrime. With digital technology advancing many criminal organizations operate digitally. This allows them to take advantage of legal systems internationally. This is why Austria would like to emphasize the importance of cybercrime prevention and response. This would include facilitating international cooperation to deal with the challenges created through cybercriminals. Corruption is a significant barrier to a successful government and justice system which hinders the prevention of organized crime. In 2023 70% of respondents in Austria believe corruption is a major issue affecting the integrity of public institutions. Austria would like to push for transparency and accountability with its government and push for initiatives for reducing corruption worldwide. Australia would like to propose the creation of a International Anti-Corruption Network. This network would provide assistance to member states to create training for law enforcement and judicial officials while also pushing for increased penalties for those convicted with the use of corruption. By working together we can combat corruption effectively. Victims of transnational organized crime and corruption are victims due to the negligence of the government and legal system in said jurisdiction. Austria believes for this very reason that member states should prioritize the rights and needs of victims, making sure they have the resources and support in order to help them get back on their feet. This not only includes money compensation but as well as psychological and legal support. Austria pushes for the establishment of victim assistance programs into nation justice systems. These programs should help victims navigate the legal process and gain the support they require to be able to fully recover. Austria is committed to strengthening international collaboration in the battle against corruption and transnational organized crime. We can develop a more effective and unified response to these urgent global issues by encouraging communication and cooperation among member states. Austria is eager to participate in the CCPCJ's deliberations and collaborate with all delegations to create creative solutions that advance integrity, justice, and security globally. By working together, we can eliminate the dangers of corruption and international organized crime and create a more secure and just society. | |
| Country: | Belarus |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| We stand in firm affirmation of support for the United Nations to increase and ensure
equal access to justice for all. In addition to this, our public position during future
meetings is to increase accessibility through suggestion and adoption of legal aid
programs, and ensure equity through proposals of collective affirmation and compliance
of human rights abuse resolutions. Our country has implemented legal aid programs to
support accessibility of justice, particularly aimed at those who cannot afford the costs of
legal representation. Particularly in 2011, the modification of The Law on State-
Guaranteed Legal Aid to our Constitution, guaranteed the right to legal assistance,
exercise, and protection of rights, including the legal, free right to assistance of lawyers
and other representatives in court through the public defender system. We urge adoption
of similar legal aid programs and policies for all member states. We also recognize the
role the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice plays as the administrator
of international aid policy, as well as a fair arbiter for human rights abuse violations. We
suggest their role take increased measures of action in the treatment of prisoners without
rights to legal aid.
United Nations member states have already taken action on increasing equity of justice. We reaffirm both the International Society and our commitment to this cause by drawing attention to the results of Resolution 46/20, condemning our state for the violations of human rights following the 2020 elections. This allowed independent monitors not only access to our country, but also tightened the need for accountability in human rights abuses. We emphasize the importance of increased equity of justice regardless of political or economic stance and draw attention to the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justices ability to effectively implement similar policies wherever deemed necessary. We call the United Nations to action on the issue of accessibility of justice, particularly regarding the treatment of individuals without systemic rights to legal aid, as well as increased equity of justice through expanding the scope of the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice as a fair arbiter in holding member state violations accountable. We deem this responsibility should be placed upon this Commission not only out of categorical purpose, but out of the historical success of their actions. Therefore, we urge all member states to adopt increased international collaboration in these efforts, as well as communicate methods of increasing both equity and accessibility of justice in fellow nations. | |
| Country: | Belarus |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| While we are an active member of several international treaties and conventions in support of continuing to emphasize international cooperation mechanisms within the United Nations, we would like to see prioritization in facilitating regional partnerships on specific issues, such as transnational organized crime, corruption, and terrorism. Furthermore, we would like to work closely with our regional allies to find ways to combat these issues namely cybercrimeas the threats they pose are of great concern to not only us, but to our region as well. Additionally, member states in other parts of the world may differ in their opinions and viewpoints on how to best combat these issues, making the idea of facilitating regional partnerships more feasible than that of continuing to emphasize international cooperation mechanisms within the United Nations. Therefore, we urge all Member States within the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice to consider facilitating regional partnerships on the aforementioned, specific issues. | |
| Country: | Brazil |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| Brazil, as a signatory to numerous international human rights treaties, is firmly committed to
the principle of equal access to justice for all. In terms of domestic affairs, Brazil recognizes that
the most vulnerable communities in this case are Indigenous and Afro-Brazilian populations,
and has made multiple efforts to address injustices in these communities. For Indigenous
peoples, there are attempts such as the 1988 Brazilian Constitution to ensure their land
ownership or the signing of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Brazil has
also worked on the Black Youth Alive program or the Federal Program of Affirmative Actions for
the Afro-Brazilian population. Furthermore, Brazil recognizes the vulnerabilities of women and
children. Measures to address gender-based violence and child abuse are essential to ensure
that these individuals have equal access to justice and protection.
By providing access to justice, Brazil seeks to uphold the fundamental rights of these communities and contribute to their rehabilitation and integration. While Brazil understands the domestic importance of a strong and efficient justice system, it also acknowledges the international dimension of criminal justice. Transnational crimes, such as drug trafficking and human trafficking, require collaborative efforts to address effectively. Brazil has created the IV National Action Plan to Combat Trafficking in Persons, as well as worked closely with other countries as part of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. In addition, Brazil is also committed to ensuring the rights of displaced populations, including refugees, by establishing a humanitarian visa policy aimed at receiving refugees from countries hosting substantial refugee populations as a responsibility-sharing mechanism. In conclusion, Brazil reaffirms its commitment to equal access to justice for all. By sharing its experiences, providing assistance to other countries, and implementing domestic reforms, Brazil aims to contribute to a more just and equitable world. | |
| Country: | Brazil |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| Delegates of the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice, as the representative of Brazil, we arrive at this assembly worried about the growing number of transnational crime organizations and the growing impact of cybercrime. We have always been at the forefront of the fight against international crime and through the continuation of our work with organizations like Mercosur and other Southern American countries, we will push toward a future where transnational crime is an issue of the past. Brazil aims to continue our work with other Latin American countries, such as Paraguay, in operations such as Operation New Alliance in which aims to curb transnational drug smuggling, and with countries, such as French Guiana, in Operation Jararaca with the aim to stop illegal mining, hunting, and drug trafficking. In addition, we aim to create a more organized and efficient response to transnational crimes stemming from prison systems. With the coordinated help of PRIS-COOP, a project designed by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Brazil, and other Nations, we have been able to create a better and stronger response to internal issues concerning international crime organizations. Cybercrime has maintained its position as one of our top security priorities since the early 2010s. Since 2012 and the founding of CDCiber, our cyber defense center, we have continuously pushed for solutions to cybercrime. As a country that has faced serious cyber attacks in the past and continues to suffer from them as one of the highest recipients of cyber attacks across the world, we look forward to working with members of the council to move towards a safer cyberspace for us and others as we move into a stronger technological age. | |
| Country: | Cameroon |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| The Republic of Cameroon is committed to maintaining peace and stability within its borders and contributing to regional security efforts. As a member of both the African Union and the United Nations, Cameroon actively participates in international crime prevention initiatives, particularly in combating human trafficking, organized crime, and terrorism. Cameroon faces significant challenges with cross-border crime, especially in its northern regions where insurgent groups like Boko Haram have taken advantage of instability to enact illegal activities, including human trafficking and drug smuggling. Additionally, corruption within the justice system continues to undermine efforts to effectively combat these issues. Cameroon is a member of several international treaties with a goal of stopping organized crime, including the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC). Domestically, the government has implemented a series of reforms to improve the transparency and effectiveness of its criminal justice system. Cameroon believes in the importance of regional collaboration to address these cross-border issues and has worked closely with neighboring countries to combat terrorism and illicit trade. Cameroon calls for the establishment of a regional intelligence-sharing technology to combat organized crime more effectively. Furthermore, Cameroon advocates for increased funding from international organizations such as the UNODC to train law enforcement officers in the region. Additionally, Cameroon supports the creation of a regional anti-corruption body to monitor and report on corruption within the criminal justice systems of Central African nations. | |
| Country: | Canada |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| Within the CCPCJ, Canada has consistently led and strongly advocated for Equal
Access to Justice
for All. The UN Charter and Universal Declaration of Human Rights both unequivocally
declare
that all people have the right to equal access to justice, and as Canadian representatives,
we
unwaveringly uphold this belief.
In recent years, our delegation has taken significant strides to advance this cause. Our nation's representatives in the CCPCJ were instrumental in crafting the ECOSOC report 2023/30. This report contained a draft resolution which was subsequently adopted as a resolution by the General Assembly as a resolution titled Equal Access to Justice for All. Additionally, our CCPCJ representatives have made substantial contributions to other crucial documents, such as a draft titled Strengthening Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Responses to Violence Against Women. A draft resolution titled Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Responses to Violence Against Women and Girls was yet another important contribution. Both of which were adopted by consensus by the General Assembly. We actively take part in transnational partnerships, such as the Pathfinders for Peaceful, Just, and Inclusive Societies. Canada played a pivotal role in the meeting that produced The Hague Declaration on Equal Access to Justice for All by 2030 and is a major supporter of the Global Partnership and Fund to End Violence Against Children. We have collaborated with esteemed partners like the United States, the United Kingdom, South Africa, and France, as well as the other members of the Commonwealth, and the Organization of American States, and the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development to advocate for equal access to justice. Partnerships are integral to our mission as we champion equal access to justice and will remain so as we continue to lead and advocate for this vital initiative. | |
| Country: | Canada |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| Canada is firmly committed to the necessity of full international cooperation in combating
transnational organized crime. Transnational organized crime costs approximately $1.6 trillion in
damage around the world annually. To effectively combat this problem, we must continue to
advocate for more cooperation from Member States as well as the ability to work with Non-
Member States and NGOs. The Member States we anticipate aligning with on this issue are
Austria, Brazil, China, France, Finland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Paraguay, South Africa, Thailand,
UK/North Ireland, and the United States of America. We recognize how the economic cost for
developing nations in creating and implementing systems to combat transnational organized
crime is stressed further as the higher level of protection for developed nations can lead less
developed nations to become better targets. Accordingly, we see aid to these countries as being
not just vital for their security but also still a part of strengthening the overall level of global
security by limiting the areas in which transnational criminal organizations can operate.
We acknowledge that the continued growth of the internet in all facets of life represents an increase in the profitability of cybercrime. Therefore, we must move quickly to build protection against it. We recognize the necessity of full international cooperation in fighting this domain of crime as well, as often attackers are based in foreign countries and/or are leveraging networks elsewhere around the globe. We also acknowledge how the dynamics of economics and geography play a similar role in cybercrime as they do in other forms of transnational organized crime. Accordingly, we see it as imperative to work with lower-income countries to make the world safer. Because of the often-privatized nature of the internet, we see the cooperation of the private sector as being integral to creating adequate protection mechanisms. | |
| Country: | Chile |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| The Republic of Chile deeply regrets the human rights violations perpetrated under Augusto
Pinochet, and has fully revised our justice system to treat people legally. The Republic of
Chile was leading toward a brand-new perspective of the criminal justice system in the past
twenty years as a result of reconciliation and true justice for victims of human rights
violations during the Pinochet period. The Republic of Chile over the last twenty-five years
has brought about significant changes within the judiciary system, yielding hundreds of
convictions for crimes of the dictatorship era, such as disappearance, torture, and extra-
judicial killings. This transitional justice has placed the Republic of Chile at the forefront of
the new approach to past atrocious acts, although there are some weaknesses, such as
delay and biological impunity.
The Republic of Chile has come a long way in reforming justice to serve human rights purposes like other countries. The integration of principles of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court has bolstered the situation of the Chilean Judiciary in prosecuting crimes against humanity, leaving no room for statutes of limitation and amnesty provisions. The government has also made deliberate efforts to enhance police and investigative services, especially concerning human rights violations. The government of the Republic of Chile calls on the global society to improve domestic courts' ability to handle crimes against humanity by furthering endeavors that prioritize transitional justice. The Republic of Chile calls upon the members of the United Nations to integrate international human rights standards into their national legal frameworks, prioritizing the humane treatment of offenders. Furthermore, the Republic of Chile advocates for enhanced international cooperation to combat organized crime and emerging threats, fostering collective security through collaborative efforts. | |
| Country: | Chile |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| The Republic of Chile has changed in the criminal justice reform and transformed from
the
dark period of Pinochet. The judiciary has been very active in the fight against past human
rights abuses, in particular after the crimes were committed during the revolution. With the
latest transitional justice measures like the truth commissions and new judicial reforms,
The
Republic of Chile is now on the frontline as a frontier for availing historical traditional forms
of justice while at the same time seeking positive and fair systems in the current justice
systems that are in practice.
The Republic of Chile has also strengthened its legal framework over the years to meet new emerging threats of organized crime and acts of violence in society. The introduction of international norms, especially the provisions of the Rome Statute, has expanded the country's capability to investigate and punish severe offenses and guarantee absolute non- immunity for the culprits. Moreover, the Republic of Chile has strengthened its criteria by international human rights standards in its legal framework to provide justice. Currently, The Republic of Chile promotes increasing the intensity of interaction in the fight against international and transnational crime and calls for justice and security in the global arena. The United Nations Member States urged to establish a comprehensive international task force dedicated to combating transnational organized crime. This task force should prioritize data-sharing mechanisms, enhance the interoperability of legal systems, and promote capacity-building initiatives to strengthen Member States law enforcement. The Republic of Chile proposed that all Member States of the United Nations collaborate to strengthen the application of international legal standards, with a focus on enhancing legal frameworks and improving operational coordination to combat transnational organization crimes. | |
| Country: | China |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| Equal access to justice is a fundamental right essential for civil liberties and economic
stability. While China has improved the transparency and efficiency of its judicial system,
challenges remain, especially for low-income and rural populations. To make up for the
disparity, China has created initiatives to help reduce barriers to justice and ensure fair
representation and access to all. To further demonstrate its dedication to creating a more
inclusive justice system, China has been able to enhance the judiciary and to expand legal
aid with the help of the initiatives as mentioned earlier.
China's legal system, rooted in its Constitution, includes local, intermediate, and high courts, overseen by the Supreme People's Court. This centralized structure, though providing uniform standards, limits judicial independence. Recent reforms have aimed to reduce local government interference and improve procedural transparency, but gaps in access to justice persist, particularly for marginalized groups. According to the Council on Foreign Relations, high litigation costs and limited legal aid remain significant barriers, especially in rural areas. Additionally, the U.S. State Department notes that restrictions on individual rights affect fair access to justice, especially for minority groups. China's ratification of international human rights agreements, like the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, demonstrates its commitment to global standards of justice. Domestically, efforts to streamline court procedures and expand public legal education show progress but highlight a need for further reform to address disparities in urban and rural legal access. China's proposal to improve legal access is to expand public legal education and increase funding for legal aid with a focus on underserved areas. Moreover, the implementation of mobile courts and virtual consultations could make legal resources more accessible to more rural communities. International collaboration with organizations should also be prioritized to enhance justice accessibility and adapt to cultural and economic diversity. Through these actions, China strives to improve its transparency and fairness in the justice system to gain its citizens' trust and to create a fair and transparent justice system to serve all citizens. | |
| Country: | China |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| Transnational organized crime and corruption are insidious global threats that erode the
foundations of peace, economic stability, and the rule of law. The United Nations Office
on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) estimates that transnational organized crime generates
$870 billion annually, amounting to 1.5% of global GDP a sum that fuels a vast shadow
economy sustained by drug trafficking, human exploitation, arms smuggling, and
cybercrime (UNODC). The scope of the impact of these crimes is profound, threatening
international peace, security, and economic prosperity. In sexual trafficking alone, there
are an estimated 2.4 million victims of current sex trafficking at any given moment
(UNODC). The People's Republic of China recognizes the urgent need for a robust,
coordinated international response to dismantle these cross-border criminal networks.
Transnational organized crime, by definition, defies boundaries, and thus, the global
solution must be equally boundaryless and relentless in order to leave no sanctuary for
organized crime to hide.
As a dedicated member of the CCPJ, China calls upon Member States to double down on their commitments to combat transnational organized crime by fortifying legal frameworks, advancing intelligence-sharing mechanisms, and strengthening enforcement capabilities. China's successful anti-corruption campaign, which has targeted over 1.5 million officials since 2012, exemplifies the effectiveness of sustained and comprehensive strategies in dismantling entrenched criminal networks and underscores the crucial imperative of having a separate entity to audit for corruption (Brookings). Through pragmatic improvement of existing frameworks, such as the Stolen Asset Recovery Institute (STAR), the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC), and the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC), this CCPJ can realize compounding gains in this existential fight. | |
| Country: | Cuba |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| The delegation of Cuba recognizes the importance of equal access to justice for all;
however,
we do not see a necessity for the United Nations to pass resolutions addressing this issue.
We believe that any such action could infringe upon the sovereignty of nations, and it is
ultimately the prerogative of each nation to determine its own approach to justice.
Nonetheless, we remain open to discussing these ideas and solutions as they arise. If we
deem them to be beneficial for the Cuban people.
Addressing the current issue, we wish to highlight that our country has successfully achieved justice for all through our own inquisitional judicial system, which enables us to process cases promptly and effectively. While we acknowledge the scrutiny that some countries have directed toward our judicial and legal system characterizing it as arbitrary, unlawful, and undemocratic. We would like to emphasize that our system is not democratic but socialist, resulting in a better quality of life than various other forms of government. Our judicial system is neither arbitrary nor unlawful; it upholds our laws to the highest standards. For any nation to claim otherwise simply reveals their own insecurities regarding their legal and judicial systems. It may be more productive for those nations to focus on improving their own systems for the benefit of their citizens. We the delegation of Cuba acknowledge the value of certain concepts related to justice for all, such as ensuring that trials are conducted swiftly and that the stateâs legal and judicial system operates efficiently. This includes expediting the judicial process so that punishments and sentences are carried out effectively, allowing for the timely resolution of cases. In conclusion, the delegation of Cuba is willing to consider the ideas presented on the issue of equal access to justice for all; however, we reserve the right to disagree and dismiss those ideas if we find them unsuitable for the needs of the Cuban people. Ultimately, it is Cuba that will determine what is best for our nation, not the Member States of the United Nations. | |
| Country: | Cuba |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| The Republic of Cuba recognizes the growing threat posed by transnational organized
crime
and corruption and affirms its commitment to international cooperation in combating these
issues. As a State Party to the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized
Crime (UNTOC), Cuba upholds the principles of multilateralism and collective action. Our
government in Cuba has taken active measures to strengthen our legal frameworks, aligning
our own national policies with international standards, to work against illicit activities such as
but not limited to human trafficking, smuggling, and money laundering. Cuba supports
robust international mechanisms that enhance the capacity of states to investigate,
prosecute, and dismantle organized crime networks while ensuring respect for national
sovereignty and the non-interference in internal affairs.
For human trafficking and sex trafficking, Cuba has created many programs and helps support the creation of other groups within the Caribbean region. NGOs such as the Federation of Cuban Women (FMC), the Cuban Commission of Human Rights and National Reconciliation, the Prevention and Social Assistance Commission and the Committees for the Defense of the Revolution. Regarding small arms and weapons, policy makers in Cuba are working to create more strict policies to mitigate the traffic. The law in Cuba includes as a crime the manufacturing, possession, stockpiling and illicit trade of small arms and light weapons, imposing severe sanctions to those committing these crimes. Cuba also advocates for greater cooperation and the provision of technical assistance to developing countries in the fight against corruption. The Cuban delegation believes that the root causes of crime and corruption, such as inequality, poverty, and underdevelopment must be addressed through a holistic approach that includes international solidarity, capacity-building, and resource sharing. Furthermore, Cuba calls for a transparent and equitable global financial system, where developed nations take greater responsibility in regulating financial flows to prevent corruption and the illicit movement of capital. Cuba remains dedicated to collaborating with regional and international partners through forums such as the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) and the United Nations, to advance the global agenda on transnational crime and corruption. | |
| Country: | Czechia |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| Building a society based on an equality before law is integral in the prevention of crime
and
discrimination. Without barriers, justice provides a patch to wrong treatments regardless of
a
human's sex, race, age, disability, belief, or sexual orientation. Justice is not an item
allotted to all
peoples in the international community. Despite the UNs Kyoto Declaration on Advancing
Crime
Prevention of 2021, and resolution 78/185 by the General Assembly on 19 December
2023, a cry
of injustice persists all over the world.
Czechia has made it a vital mission to advance equal access to the ideals of justice through the Antidiscrimination Act of 2009 which provides for equal treatments of all individuals and identities under law. The nation acknowledges the importance of the International Criminal Court's (ICC) commitment to international justice domestically and abroad. Our nation is a firm believer of the Rome Statute from the ICC and both refers to it as representative of the beliefs regarding crimes against humanity, and supports it in all efforts of international criminal tribunals. We call for the responsibility of the ICC to make decisions on international law and crime, with the basis that justice is a right, accessible to all. The continued implementation of the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda is crucial to the recognition of uneven access to justice. It ensures that no person or nation is left behind in the development of criminal justice and allows for the disestablishment of organized crime and corruption for the foundation of sustainable living. In supporting equal access to justice for all through the 2030 sustainable development goals, we are able to promote sustainable development. This in turn promotes stability which has helped reduce the violence that occurs outside of conflict zones. We must continue this trajectory through upholding the SDG16 pledge of reducing all forms of violence. | |
| Country: | Czechia |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| As a country that is an appealing geographical destination and route for crime groups,
dealing
with the trafficking of illicit drugs and people, we recognize the increasing need for
international
cooperation on crime and corruption and the elimination of organized crime groups. In
dealing
with the issue of trafficking, the Czech Republic Ministry of the Interior has set up a
program to
support and protect victims of trafficking. Our nation is serious in our efforts to combat
trafficking by funding protective services and resources for survivors, along with the
prosecution
of perpetrators. Efforts have been made to decriminalize drug use as well so as to hold
those
responsible for distributing drugs accountable without hurting victims. Trafficking of arms,
drugs, and humans are increasingly taking on a more international tone with more actors
and
victims originating from abroad.
INTERPOL is a key element to the Czechia police force in stopping organized crime: cyber crime, human and drug trafficking, and fraud. Government institutions in the country remain trustworthy, including the police, however lone actors within these institutions have commonly committed tax evasion, bribery, and the illegal use of databases and power. Cyber crime is recognized by the Czech police and combated with the help of the country's National Agency for Cyber and Information Security. Cyber crime in Czechia has involved fraud in the form of banking and identity scams as well attacks on critical infrastructure due to a rise in pro-Russian hacks since the Ukrainian-Russian Wars onset. Czechia is committed to addressing the problems the nation faces by directing solutions to prevention, treatment and social reintegration, harm reduction, and supply control. This is done in tandem with the marrying of local, regional, national, and international efforts. This multifaceted approach both prioritizes regional and international cooperation on drug policy as well as other criminal matters, ensuring that effective solutions are implemented on every level. | |
| Country: | Finland |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| In our ongoing efforts to bring justice, fairness, and transparency to our international
institutions, we recognize the need to reform the International Criminal Police Organization
(INTERPOL) to end politically motivated red notices and take action against state-sponsored
criminal activities and terror organizations.
Multiple member states such as the Russian Federation, the People's Republic of China, and the Republic of Turkey have repeatedly abused INTERPOL's red notice system to persecute political opponents and minorities. Furthermore, the Russian Federation continues to engage in state-sponsored cybercrime and human smuggling while barring INTERPOL from conducting operations within its territory. These actions taken by the Russian Federation are incompatible with the beliefs and principles of the CCPCJ, INTERPOL, and the concepts of international justice despite the Russian Federation being systemically protected by the current rules of INTERPOL. Full international cooperation is necessary for international policing. Without it, transnational organized crimes can become near impossible to prosecute. Therefore, states such as the Russian Federation must be removed from INTERPOL due to their interference with INTERPOL investigations and abuses of power. | |
| Country: | Finland |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| To sustain the fight against transnational organized crime it is necessary and prudent that
the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) Treaty be
expanded to include protocols against cybercrime, state-sponsored cybercrime, and the
state-sponsored smuggling of migrants
Since the signing of the UNTOC Treaty in 2000, the rapid growth in technological development, skills, and their subsequent dissemination to the world has created a new domain for transnational criminal organizations to commit crimes and collaborate. We believe that without international collaboration against organized cybercrime many international organizations and nations will be at risk. Many nations such as the Republic of Finland, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of Poland, and the Kingdom of Norway have been attacked by both state-sponsored cybercrime and migrant smuggling by the Republic of Belarus and Russian Federation. These actions violate the core principles of the CCPCJ, UNTOC Treaty, and INTERPOL yet manage to go unaddressed and unpunished by the United Nations. We argue that state-sponsored criminal activity is no different than other criminal activity and must therefore be combatted to ensure the rule of international law and justice in accordance with Article 1, Section 1 of the United Nations Charter. Our effort to expand the UNTOC Treaty is not only feasible but necessary first steps for the United Nations to successfully combat transnational organized and state-sponsored cybercrime and state-sponsored migrant smuggling. | |
| Country: | France |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| All across the world, people have felt the impact of crime. Whether simply
witnessing someone commit a traffic error or experiencing a horrific violent
act, the fact that crime exists internationally is infallible. However, the
International Community in past years has let this sore fester into the rotten
boil that crime is, and this boil extends to an international level.
Like the disease that festers in boils, large crime rings have grown far out of control due to oversight by the International Community as a whole. The World Drug Report shows a year on year increase of illicit substance use and abuse, such as cocaine and MDMA, and there is no sign of these numbers going down in the near future. The driving factor in the reported numbers is organized crime, and as these organizations continue to expand internationally, the toll they have on smaller local governments can become too much to bear, leading to more death, more corruption, and ultimately the collapse of these smaller local governments or a complete corruption to the roots of them. France, and as a whole the International Community, have been struggling with the consequences of organized crime, with France being hit hard as marijuana and cocaine stay the number one and two most used drug in not just France but Europe as a whole according to the European Drug Report 2024, conducted by the European Union Drugs Agency. The repeated use of drugs further bolsters these organizations, and allows them the foothold they need to corrupt local governments, spread their poison, and destroy us from the inside out. France calls on the International Community to take action against these groups to prevent further damage from being done, and to stamp out the organized crime that chokes growth out by the roots so that countries across the world can continue to sprout and bloom. | |
| Country: | France |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| All across the world, people have felt the impact of crime. Whether simply witnessing someone commit a traffic error or experiencing a horrific violent act, the fact that crime exists internationally is infallible. However, the International Community in past years has let this sore fester into the rotten boil that crime is, and this boil extends to an international level.
Like the disease that festers in boils, large crime rings have grown far out of control due to oversight by the International Community as a whole. The World Drug Report shows a year on year increase of illicit substance use and abuse, such as cocaine and MDMA, and there is no sign of these numbers going down in the near future. The driving factor in the reported numbers is organized crime, and as these organizations continue to expand internationally, the toll they have on smaller local governments can become too much to bear, leading to more death, more corruption, and ultimately the collapse of these smaller local governments or a complete corruption to the roots of them. France, and as a whole the International Community, have been struggling with the consequences of organized crime, with France being hit hard as marijuana and cocaine stay the number one and two most used drug in not just France but Europe as a whole according to the European Drug Report 2024, conducted by the European Union Drugs Agency. The repeated use of drugs further bolsters these organizations, and allows them the foothold they need to corrupt local governments, spread their poison, and destroy us from the inside out. France calls on the International Community to take action against these groups to prevent further damage from being done, and to stamp out the organized crime that chokes growth out by the roots so that countries across the world can continue to sprout and bloom. | |
| Country: | Ghana |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| An estimated two-thirds of the global population does not have
access to equal justice
1. According to the World's Justice Project's Rule of Law Index, Ghana
ranks 58 out of 140
2, which means that the set of principles that ensure a just and orderly
society by holding
everyone accountable to the law in the country has a long way to go in
terms of providing
its people with equal access to justice.
However, that is not to say that Ghana has not already come a long way. In developing its approach to a more equitable judicial system, Ghana started the Legal Aid Commission (LAC), which allows for vulnerable individuals to apply for free legal help 3. In addition, there has been much progress in limiting the discrimination that women face, such as with Article 17 enshrining the equality of women in their constitution 4. However, Ghana still has shortcomings with respect to impoverished/peripheral areas, women, and the LGBTQ community which has impacted the ability to access legal help. The Kyoto Special Conference (2021) attempted to face this issue, and developed some substantial framework for why and how these inequalities were occurring. These included poverty, inadequate legislation, lack of knowledge of services and/or limitation to access of knowledge, insufficient number of qualified officials, discrimination, and structural barriers. However, what this did not include was substantial solutions on how to solve the inequalities. Accessibility is not only an issue of reaching a resource that should be available to all. It reflects a systematic restriction of access to certain people based on their gender, age, racial, social-economic class, sexuality, education level, religion, ethnic, or political affiliate | |
| Country: | Ghana |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| When compared to its African neighbors, Ghana is amongst the least corrupt
governments, with a corruption index score of 41 out of 100 (1) . Additionally, Ghana ranks
60 out of 193 countries in the global criminality score (2). This is not to say that it is
anywhere near where it can be with international cooperation against transnational
organized crime and corruption. Ghana still has a large issue with bribery and cross
border human trafficking.
In terms of what the UN has accomplished to prevent international crime and corruption, the UN Convention Against Corruption and UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, have provided explicit frameworks to deal with the effects of international crimes, such as human trafficking and the illicit firearms market. However, once again there has not been any major preventative measures. Transnational organized crime must be tackled from its root, meaning it should be prevented from financing illegal activities to strengthen law enforcement to prevent crime from happening at its target country. Practically, this would entail developing personalized policies for countries that need each type of crime and corruption prevention, specifically in developing technologies to track illegal financial transactions and strengthening the efficacy of law enforcement where the crime is to occur. Additionally, because communication is so limited between police districts in areas where the internet is less prevalent, information is consistently delayed/lost. Back end encryption and an increase in funds to develop strong and more secure communication lines should be a priority for this body. Concerning Human Trafficking, a top priority for Ghana, further monitoring procedures of borders need to be put into place to be able to identify and target vehicles which transport the trafficking victims. Furthermore, the issue with where criminals are prosecuted should be evaluated and tackled internationally to ensure that nations face an equal share of the judicial burden. | |
| Country: | Guatemala |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| Guatemala has strived to overcome social and ecological injustice against its people. For
decades, Guatemala have been the target of foreign influences on the country ruling bodies
and economic developments. Today, Guatemala has overcome those challenges and are
working towards a fair and just society.
Guatemala fully supports Sustainable Development Goals set for 2030 and is working diligently towards achieving the highest score. Progress has been made for quality education for all and the goal of zero hunger with clean water and sanitation. Our gender equality scores have been the highest since 2014 and will keep rising to meet the goal of 2030. | |
| Country: | Guatemala |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| Guatemala believes that multinational support for battling organized crime and corruption is
important for our future and the advancement of out nation. We welcome all support that
contributes to the end of crimes committed by foreign and domestic criminal organizations.
Guatemala has been the crossroad for drug and human trafficking moving from South
America into North America and we want this to end. Resources have been allocated for
anti-corruption and pro-transparency laws by our government, but we are still dealing with
drug cartels and gang members harassing and attempting to bribe our political system.
Guatemala western and northern border along Mexico has become prime location to grow poppies and produce heroin for international sales by organize criminals and drug trafficker. This has caused locals living in the area to fight over land and water to participate in this lucrative trade. Guatemala request that the government of Mexico and Guatemala create a joint tasks force to destroy poppy fields and secure our borders. To create a better future for our young generation, members of the assembly from Central America must come together and help eliminate and prevent the massive crime and corruption affecting our ever day lives. We must stop the human trafficking of our citizens and prevent organized criminal organization dictate our country future. | |
| Country: | India |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| As a developing nation with a diverse population of over 1.4 billion, India faces significant challenges in ensuring equal access to justice for all. Although India's legal system as outlined in its constitution, is founded on the principles of justice and fairness, certain marginalized communities, women, indigenous groups, and economically disadvantaged citizens remain disproportionately affected when fairly accessing justice. The delegation of India believes that access to justice is a fundamental human right and essential for the development and harmony of the country. India has been a part of the UN Human Rights Council for 16 of the 18 years since it was implemented. It is stated that members elected to the Council shall uphold the highest standards in the promotion and protection of human rights, shall fully cooperate with the Council, and be reviewed under the universal periodic review mechanism during their term of membership. The Republic of India has been committed to upholding these standards by ensuring justice is guaranteed for all citizens. As stated in the 30th session of the CCPCJ, The Republic of India has introduced virtual courts, electronic filing, and a National Judicial Data Grid that holds information for over 30 million cases. Additionally, the Republic of India has put extensive effort into making all court acts available in one portal titled "INDIA CODE." Tracking crimes and criminals is achieved through the Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and System (CCTNS). The CCTNS shares data about crimes to police stations, prisons, and forensics to expedite the judicial process. All of these efforts have been taken to ensure access to justice for the entire population but there are still many challenges faced and much room for improvement. The delegation of India is committed to continuous reforms and international cooperation to ensure justice is accessible to every individual regardless of their background or circumstances and is not denied the opportunity to seek justice. | |
| Country: | India |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| The Republic of India recognizes the importance of international cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption. India acknowledges the threats brought to global peace, security, and development as a result of transnational organized crime and corruption. India stands ready to strengthen international cooperation in combating these global challenges and coordinating a multilateral response to dismantling the complexity of transnational crime and corruption. As an advocate of global efforts to address these issues, India joined the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) in 2002. The UNTOC, which was adopted by the General Assembly in 2000 and fully developed by 2003, is aimed at preventing and controlling organized crime, including participation in criminal groups, money laundering, corruption, and obstruction of justice. It also involves the establishment of extradition, allowing countries to efficiently transfer individuals accused or convicted of crimes per international law. This strengthens global collaboration in tackling issues such as terrorism, drug trafficking, and human trafficking. India also ratified the UNTOCs three protocols in 2011, the 4th South Asian nation to do so. The first is the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons, which focuses on the prosecution of perpetrators, protection of victims, and prevention of trafficking. Secondly, the Protocol Against the Smuggling of Migrants involves safeguarding migrants' rights. Third is the Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, aimed at controlling the illegal trade of firearms. The Republic of India's commitment to these international protocols highlights its dedication to forming stronger global partnerships in the fight against organized crime and corruption. India continues to actively support the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the United Nations Against Corruption, both of which are key organizations in the global fight against these issues. To further combat the issues the UNTOC and UNCAC fight for, India urges for more development and additional protocols to address the challenges of crime and corruption through collaborative efforts to build a safer and more just world for all. | |
| Country: | Indonesia |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| The Republic of Indonesia has made great strides in the past century in terms of equal
access to justice for all. However, there are still issues that need to be addressed in order
to allow for more advanced general safety and security of all citizens. There are a plethora
of issues needing to be addressed that have been systematically engraved in the way the
republic goes about relations. Particular groups are more likely to fall victim to problems
such as people in poverty, women, or children. The main epidemics to be considered are
unlawful killings disproportionately affecting women, life threatening prison conditions,
and restricting freedom of speech and expression. The lack of equal access to justice for
all in the Republic of Indonesia is detrimental to the citizens and the progression of the
country as a whole. We must make necessary changes in law and attitude to protect the
rights of our citizens.
We are passionate about combating these shortcomings and have specific ways of doing so in different aspects of the dilemma. The Love Justice International cooperation (LJI) has been making waves in assuring children and women are further protected from trafficking and domestic violence. Along with that there are organizations dedicated to the access of justice for the imprisoned and those in poverty such as cash transfer programs brought on by orgs such as Mitra Samya or the Indonesian Legal Aid Foundation (ILAF) regarding rights for the imprisoned. We are very concerned about the rate of false imprisonment and the treatment of the incarcerated as well as delivering justice and resources to women and children in poverty especially. Marginalized groups do not have equal access to justice and with international organizations and we must continue to mobilize opportunities to fight for national equal justice. Indonesia has a lot of work to be done in the equal access to justice front and has different possibilities in improving the conditions of citizens as a whole. We want to continue fighting for systemic laws to create protection and justice for marginalized groups. Also, to combat the normalization of the inhumane treatment prisoners are experiencing by altering the conditions brought on by political and economic pressure. We call for international social pressure as well to improve these conditions and require us to hold accountability for unreasonable lack of access to justice. | |
| Country: | Indonesia |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| The Republic of Indonesia recognizes the struggles that South East Asia faces in
combating transnational organized crime and corruption in the region. Issues such as
human trafficking, smuggling of migrants, wildlife and forest crime, and money laundering
are prominent in the region, something that the Republic of Indonesia recognizes and has
worked to address throughout the years. Corruption has drastically affected countries in
this region, but our drive to push corruption from our lands supersedes corruption
efforts. We have moved to enact laws, alleviating these problems through policy.
To aid in combating transnational organized crime and corruption, we have gained membership in groups such as the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), Asia/Pacific Group on Money Laundering (APG), and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). Through our membership, we have worked to crack down on crime and strengthen laws that support our initiatives. We've worked to stop human trafficking and the smuggling of migrants through investigation and policy, such as the 2014 Child Protection Law and the 2017 Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers Law. Additionally, in our initiatives to remove corruption from our state, we signed the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) in 2007. We push for the development of transparent and accountable institutions by strengthening our measures and policies. We've worked to do this through our proposed Asset Recovery Bill. The implementation of policies that fight against corruption is one of our top priorities as a state. The Republic of Indonesia calls for reform across South East Asia and for the implementation of policies that will discourage and prevent transnational organized crime and corruption. We call for the use of international law to deter criminals from continuing to commit these ghastly crimes. Implementing policies that push for harsher punishments for criminals, tightening border security, and additional investigations to address the concerns of those in Southeast Asia. | |
| Country: | Italy |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| Embedded in Italy's constitution are fundamental legal rights attributed to every human
being. These rights include providing the accused the opportunity to defend themselves
and the presumption of innocence. Those found guilty are protected from inhumane
punishment and civilians are protected from arbitrary arrest. Every individual is
guaranteed the right to a fair trial. Italy is steadfast in its commitment to ensuring every
human being, regardless of nationality, is provided the same protections.
International cooperation is a crucial part of achieving sustainable development and upholding human rights globally. Italy firmly believes a just and inclusive society depends on ensuring access to justice. Providing legal aid to every human being is crucial. As the facilitator of General Assembly annual resolution 77/237 the delegation of Italy is dedicated to making equal justice a collaborative priority. Italy's commitment to justice is further reflected in its support for the 2021 Kyoto Declaration, which established a common rule of law supporting human rights for Member States. Legal aid is to be provided to all, particularly to those lacking the financial means, to fulfill an essential element of any justice system based on the rule of law. This ensures rights such as that of a fair trial which protects fairness and trust from the public in justice. Italy supported the resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 19 December 2023, which emphasized equal protections for all under the law. Criminal justice institutions can adopt measures which secure respectful treatment without discrimination or bias. Law enforcement officials, in all capacities, should respect human rights as protected in both national and international law. Among the relevant laws are the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Being Subjected to Torture and Other Cruel Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. In working towards sustainable development, human rights are at the forefront of Italy's goals. Italy focuses on building cooperative partnerships that encourage the development of criminal justice systems worldwide. While cooperation is essential, Italy recognizes that the primary responsibility for upholding justice still lies with individual member states. Further, Italy acknowledges the need to respect cultural diversity when designing policing relevant to justice, ensuring local context is incorporated without sacrificing fundamental human rights principles. | |
| Country: | Italy |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| Organized crime and corruption is a prominent issue within Italy due to the presence of a variety of well-known criminal groups, including the Italian Mafia and the ties organized crime has within the Italian government itself. The Italian Mafia first emerged within the state during the mid- nineteenth century during the collapse of feudalism and subsequent centralization, the Italian Mafia providing security that the state was unable to provide. Today, the principle issues faced within Italy include efforts to combat the smuggling of narcotics, tobacco, and arms, along with the prominence of money laundering. Organized crime has grown in strength and severity following the end of World War II and the collapse of socialism as the rapid technological, economic, and political changes allowing for organized crime organizations to prosper. The rise of international businesses and telecommunications has similarly led to economic, political, and social stability coming under threat as the Italian Mafia has developed a global presence. Italy is dedicated to combating transnational organized crime and corruption. Italy is one of the main donors to the UNODC, contributing over 110 million U.S. dollars in the past two years. In 2000, the state hosted the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, also known as the Palermo Convention. This convention is of particular importance to Italy and the delegations fight against transnational organized crime due to the convention's widespread success. Italy has also attempted to fight organized crime within its own state by freezing illegal assets, establishing investigative boards, and passing laws prohibiting money-laundering practices. The delegation of Italy, however, recognizes that there is still lots to be done in regards to the prevention of organized crime and corruption. Despite the efforts Italy has taken to diminish the presence of organized crime, the delegation of Italy also recognizes the threat that organized crime presents to the stability and well-being of the state, including organized crimes threat to democracy and the economy. The delegation of Italy requests additional transnational resources be directed towards the fight against organized crime and would recommend the implementation of stricter regulations in money transferring and international business transactions. Combating international crime is an essential aspect of ensuring states maintain economic, social, and political stability. | |
| Country: | Japan |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| The Delegation of Japan believes in equal access of justice for everyone. We believe that it is important to educate others in the issues of equal access to justice for all. Our mighty government has been working on developing and improving the publics awareness and project training on justice. We have also continued to improve equal access to justice for all inside of our own sovereign borders and are hoping to do the same in other countries through constant cooperation in the international system. We have also emphasized the need to aid other countries in support of their efforts in improving crime prevention and equal access to justice. We continue to stand on the belief that other countries should develop and improve the access to justice inside of their sovereign borders and explore strategies to develop measures to provide people with fair and equal access to justice without discrimination, respecting human rights and the rule of law. | |
| Country: | Japan |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| For years, our stand in combating organized crime and corruption has been cooperating with other countries such as Cambodia and Vietnam. Japan has had a history of dealing with internal organized crime organizations such as the Yakuza, therefore we emphasize the need in cooperation to stop the transnational organized crime and the corruption in the international system. For years now we have collaborated in the commission of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), even giving $810,000 to the commission in 2013. As a country we have continued to aid the development of law enforcement agencies in different countries in hopes of fighting crime and human trafficking. To fight transnational corruption, Japan has continued to host seminars and workshops on corruption measurements. The great country of Japan, will continue to cooperate with other countries in hopes of diminishing the organized crime and the existent corruption in the international system. | |
| Country: | Libya |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| Libya is in favor of expanding access to justice, and in recent years has taken great strides to build systems of justice within the country. In 2022 Libya sponsored a draft resolution recommending international cooperation for access to justice, remedies and assistance for survivors of sexual violence, and its commitment to equality and justice is long-standing. Political turmoil within the nation of Libya has made this commitment all the more prescient; its experiences combating inequality and struggles to ensure that its people have the ability and security to pursue justice have been tested thoroughly over the past decade. Libya is deeply motivated in its pursuit of global equality, and in 2019 sponsored the draft resolution "Promotion of a democratic and equitable international order," which affirms the importance of protecting human rights globally, while encouraging approaches from the international community which preserve sovereignty and national cultural identity. The nation of Libya looks forward to collaboration with its neighbors both near and far in building a more just and equal world. | |
| Country: | Libya |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| Libya is proud to stand against any and all forms of crime, and has dedicated immense efforts to decreasing trans-national organized crime. In 2022 Libya sponsored a draft resolution titled "Strengthening the United Nations Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Programme, in particular its technical cooperation capacity," which focuses on providing solutions to these pressing issues. In 2021 the UN was a strong supporter of President al- Menfi in his promotion of unity, and has greatly assisted in efforts to stabilize the nation in the wake of the past decade of political turmoil. Recently Libyan ambassador El Sonni called for further action from the Security Council to preserve Libya's sovereignty, hoping for more supportive action to assist with the current political tensions. Libya is committed also to delivering justice to countries which have been more significantly affected by trans-national organized crime, and in 2017 sponsored a draft resolution entitled "The negative impact of the non-repatriation of funds of illicit origin to the countries of origin on the enjoyment of human rights, and the importance of improving international cooperation," which brings to attention the ways in which these criminal activities acutely impact developing nations. In 2022 President al-Menfi called for a reduction in the "power of corruption," and expressed concern that political strife may undermine the ground gained in Libya through the Libyan Political Dialogue Forum, organized by the UN Support Mission in Libya. The nation of Libya looks forward to engaging in constructive discussion and cooperative action with other nations, and hopes that further steps may be taken to reduce the harm caused by this global concern. | |
| Country: | Madagascar |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| Madagascar affirms that preventing and eradicating corruption is essential to achieving equal access to justice for all. Corruption undermines the rule of law, creating barriers that limit justice and fairness. Addressing corruption is a critical step toward a justice system that is accessible, transparent, and equitable for every citizen. Madagascar remains fully committed to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16, which promotes peaceful, inclusive societies, ensures access to justice for all, and establishes accountable institutions at every level. Equality before the law is not merely an ideal but a fundamental human right, enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Acknowledging this, Madagascar has taken significant steps to combat corruption and promote transparency. One of our leading initiatives is the establishment of the Bureau of Independent Anti-Corruption (BIANCO), which operates as an independent agency empowered to investigate and prosecute corrupt practices within the judiciary and public administration. By addressing corruption at its roots, Madagascar aims to build a more transparent and accountable society. Ensuring access to justice for vulnerable groups, particularly women, is a priority. Historically, women in Madagascar have faced barriers, such as discrimination and financial limitations, that restrict their access to legal services and fair trials. To address this, Madagascar has increased the representation of women within our judiciary. As of March 2024, out of 658 judges nationwide, 368 are women. This increase not only empowers women but also strengthens our judiciary with more diverse perspectives, enhancing representation for marginalized communities. Madagascar calls upon fellow member states to support anti-corruption measures and uphold the principles of justice for all. By promoting equal access to justice, we affirm our commitment to a society that respects the dignity and rights of every individual. | |
| Country: | Madagascar |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| Madagascar recognizes the severe impact of corruption and transnational organized crime on national stability, public trust, and economic development. To confront these challenges, Madagascar has firmly committed to international cooperation, aiming to safeguard institutions and promote sustainable growth. In line with these goals, Madagascar has ratified critical international agreements, including the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) and the African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption. These frameworks underscore the detrimental effects of organized crime and corruption not only in Madagascar but across the Southern African region. Madagascar actively engages in regional initiatives as a member of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), notably through participation in the SADC Regional Indicative Strategic Development Plan, which targets cross-border crime. This involvement reflects our dedication to a coordinated regional response, strengthening cooperation among member states to effectively address the complexities of transnational organized crime. On the national front, Madagascar has taken significant steps to bolster our legal and law enforcement frameworks. Recent amendments to our Penal Code enhance the legislative tools available to combat corruption, while our anti-corruption agency has expanded its mandate to better investigate and prosecute unlawful activities. These reforms are integral to Madagascar's mission to deliver justice for victims of organized crime, while increased border security measures further contribute to our national defense. Recognizing the critical role of global collaboration, Madagascar supports continued joint operations, capacity building, and intelligence sharing as essential strategies to tackle these global issues. Through sustained international cooperation, we can create a more secure environment that fosters prosperity and resilience for all. Madagascar is prepared to play an active role in these shared initiatives, working with our international partners to build a just, stable, and prosperous world for future generations. | |
| Country: | Mexico |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| Mexico strives to a promote a system that addresses all issues and enforces all equally.
We understands that corruption and bribery are a serious barrier to development, economic
stability, and social equity. The Mexican government has applied comprehensive reforms
directed at improving transparency, enhancing accountability, and promoting integrity in
public administrations. We call all member states to adopt strong anti-corruption measures
and share practices for combating bribery, focusing on public procurement and law
enforcement. Mexico believes that civil engagement in monitoring government actions and
holding officials accountable is extremely important as it will foster a culture of integrity and
trust in public institutions.
Mexico strives to promote non-discriminatory laws that uphold human rights and protect individuals, regardless of gender, sexual orientation, race, or socioeconomic status, or any area of their identity. We propose full implementation of international human rights treaties and other alike instruments. To achieve this, Mexico has enacted legislation steered at preventing discrimination and the promotion of equal opportunities in various areas, like education, employment, and health care. We ask member states to unify their legal frameworks with international human rights standards as well as promoting public awareness. | |
| Country: | Mexico |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| Mexico is on the front lines in the fight against organized crime. Organized crime poses a
huge threat to national and international security. Mexico recognizes that organized crime
transcends borders and that it requires collaborative work from all. Mexico has strengthened
its legal and institutional frameworks to combat drug trafficking, human trafficking, and arms
smuggling, all of which are a significant threat. We also aim to prioritize the protection of
victims and those who are vulnerable in communities. We call for international collaboration,
knowledge sharing, and creating joint operations to get rid of organized crime successfully.
Mexico also addresses the socio-economic factors that are prominent to organized crime.
Lack of improvement and lack of educational resources are just a few of these issues.
Mexico calls on other member states to prioritize this fight against organized crime and to
work together to build a safer and just world for all.
The high rates of violence and mortality rates associated with the violence is a huge concern to our society and the Mexican government. To address the issues, Mexico has adopted a functional approach that includes increasing aid towards community-based prevention programs, increasing access to mental health services, and increasing law enforcement capacities. We recognize that to reduce violence we must address the root causes, such as poverty, inequalities, and lack of academic opportunities. We call all member states to collaborate on effective strategies for violence reduction, to share successful models towards violence reduction, and invest in youth empowerment initiatives. Our commitment to peace building and reconciliation processes is essential for fostering safe and resilient communities. | |
| Country: | Nigeria |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| As of 2019, nearly 5.1 billion people, or nearly ? of the world's population, have limited
access to justice globally. According to the World Justice Project, Nigeria's overall rule of law
score ranks 118th out of 140 countries across the world. These statistics include victims who
are seeking civil and managerial justice, people who lack the knowledge and legal tools that
would enable them to protect their assets and obtain opportunities that would allow them
access to services and resources to which they are rightfully obligated to, and people who are
inhabitants of weak states that are incapable of providing security and provisions for its
citizens. According to the World Bank Group, inability to access to justice can generally
indicate the rates of poverty and inequality within a state. This ultimately perpetuates additional
inequalities that exist within a particular nation. Nigeria calls other Member States of the
CCPCJ to work swiftly towards addressing unequal access to justice by reforming frail and
ineffective judicial systems that violate the rule-of-law, developing state institutions that
leverage non-state actors to eliminate discrimination and neglectful behavior towards
fundamental human rights, and by allocating legal services to underserved communities.
In Nigerian prisons, three out of every five inmates have not been convicted of any specific offense, thus prolonged imprisonment without trial highlights a need for reform to ensure fair and quick legal processes for all individuals. Oftentimes, these prisoners wait years for a trial while living in inhumane and uninhabitable conditions. Very few prisoners are typically able to afford the costs of an attorney or any form of legal aid. The Legal Aid Act (2011) has been enacted by the Nigerian government, which solidifies the right to free legal assistance for those who cannot afford it. However, the implementation of this Act has been severely hampered by inadequate funding by the government and a lack of resources. In addition, public awareness of the Legal Aid Act is low, leaving many prisoners unaware of their rights and options for obtaining legal assistance. According to Section 36 of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, a person has the right to a fair hearing, within a reasonable time, regarding their civil rights and obligations, including matters involving government authorities. This hearing must be conducted by a legally established court or tribunal that ensures independence and impartiality. This provision underscores the significance of reinforcing the rule of law by giving citizens access to a reasonably timed hearing with only recognized institutions administering justice to those seeking it. Nigeria signed into law the Violence Against Persons Prohibition Act (2015) in order to combat violence, particularly against women and children. Nigeria has also engaged in the Economic Community of Western African States (ECOWAS), which has strengthened efforts to create robust legal institutions and frameworks that promote peace and justice in the Western region of Africa. It also facilitates collaboration between other nations to combat transnational crime by working towards human trafficking prevention and countering terrorism, acts that both hinder justice for the collective community. Nigeria is also an active member of the African Union (AU), which promotes human rights and justice for all people across the continent through a number of initiatives and institutions. The agenda of this organization aims to promote advocacy for the protection of civil liberties and ensure accountability for abuse on justice. Nigeria's reforms must focus on increasing funding for legal aid, improving public awareness, and strengthening institutional capacity to ensure that all citizens can exercise their rights and receive fair treatment under the law. Nigeria proposes that other Member States of the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice (CCPCJ) join together to address the pressing issue of unequal access to justice. Member States should prioritize reforming judicial systems by enhancing the transparency, efficiency, and peoples access to timely trials. Nigeria also recommends that governments across the globe increase funding towards providing legal aid so that allocation of representation can be fulfilled to those who are not financially capable of obtaining this themselves. Nigeria asks that the World Bank generously donates monetary aid so that Member States can invest in and enhance their legal and justice system infrastructures. This will ensure that countries are able to build robust legal systems with qualified representation being paid fairly for their work with underserved communities. Establishing mechanisms and entities that implement educational programs to inform citizens, particularly in underserved communities, about their rights and the legal avenues available to them is essential when it comes to improving equal access to justice. Moreover, fostering collaboration between Member States will not only promote equal access to justice, but will create a culture of accountability and drive a desire to collectively commit to social justice stability. | |
| Country: | Nigeria |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| In 2009, the UNODC estimated that approximately $870 billion is generated by
transnational organized crime annually. This total equals close to 7 percent of the world's
exports of merchandise and almost 2 percent of the global GDP. In addition to being extremely
costly for countries, transnational organized crime has devastating effects on citizens of the
world, as millions of people are threatened by issues not limited to drug, human and firearm
trafficking, money-laundering, and even cybercrime. The Africa Organized Crime Index gives
Nigeria a criminality score of 7.28, the second highest out of the African countries, which is
perpetuated by high volumes of transnational organized crime that have posed a threat to
Nigerians over the last twenty years. Nigeria's law enforcement systems have worked to target
various forms of transnational organized crime, but because of a lack of coordination needed
to address the issue, transnational organized crime remains incredibly prevalent. Nigeria calls
other Member States to develop further understanding of the contributing factors of
transnational organized crime, and to strengthen domestic policies and international
cooperation concurrent with the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized
Crime.
As a State Party to the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, (2000), the most central document centered toward combating transnational organized crime, Nigeria is also a State Party to its three supplementary protocols, including the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons Especially Women and Children, through which Nigeria seeks to cooperate with other Member Parties to combat human trafficking and aid victims, helping to combat an issue most prevalent in Nigeria. Nigeria has also contributed a high number of troops and police to widespread UN peace operations, as well as with other countries with whom Nigeria shares borders, including the 1981 reactivation of the Nigeria- Benin Joint Border Commission in order to minimize smuggling into Nigeria. As a member of the Economic Community of West Africa States (ECOWAS), Nigeria established the National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA) in 1989, which has the capacity to mandate drug prevention, enforcement of laws and rehabilitation, ultimately hoping to eliminate drug supply and demand. Nigeria's National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA) was established in 2007 to mandate compliance with widespread environmental laws and standards, as well as involving national and international groups in fighting crimes against wildlife and forestry in Nigeria. Nigeria's Customs Service is the main smuggling prevention agency in the country. Nigeria has ratified a significant number of other legislation that aids human trafficking victims as well. Nigeria implemented other legislative measures that include the Anti-Terrorism Act, the Anti-Piracy Act, the Money Laundering and Terrorism Financing (Prohibition) Act which broadly target the more prevalent examples of transnational organized crime that affect Nigerians. Nigeria has also taken significant measures to reduce bribery particularly because of social rejection of the act. To attempt to decrease human trafficking in Nigeria, the country has created two forms of their Trafficking in Persons (Prohibition) Law Enforcement and Administration Act, one in 2003 and the more current version in 2015. The 2003 Act created NAPTIP, the National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons, which emphasizes prevention of trafficking, protection of victims, prosecution of trafficking cases and partnership with regional and international agencies to discover the root of the problem of human trafficking. Nigeria recommends that other Member States more strictly implement UNTOC and its supplementary protocols, as well as a reassessment of how other States abide by their respective protocols that address forms of crime that continue to become more prevalent, such as cybercrime. These measures would help the Member States more closely align with one another and prevent discontinuities that criminals may take advantage of. Additionally, Nigeria implores that the other Member States provide aid in the forms of technical assistance, resources for law enforcement and judicial systems and training to assist low and middle- income or developing countries in the fight against organized crime and corruption, as many of these countries lack the institutional strength and resources to address these issues by themselves. | |
| Country: | Pakistan |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| Committing to providing equal access to justice for all citizens is the backbone of a healthy
democracy. To ensure access to an equitable and efficient justice system for both citizens
and displaced peoples is a step toward empowering all Member Nations. As a body, the
United Nations has laid the groundwork for equal access to justice with the passage of the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The Kyoto Declaration on Advancing Crime
Prevention, passed recently in 2021, has furthered Member States' abilities to strengthen
individual justice systems and cooperate internationally. Further, partnerships with NGOs
such as the International Justice System have been invaluable in promoting the integrity of
domestic justice systems while focusing on empowering individuals to seek justice. With an
encouraging framework in place, it is clear that Member Nations are committed to meeting
the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.
However, there is much work to be done in order to meet the goals outlined in the SDG. On the topic of equal access to justice for all, Pakistan is committed to promoting access to justice for both its citizens and displaced peoples. In 2002, we created the Access to Justice Program, which has expedited our domestic judicial proceedings and continues to emphasize the legal rights of impoverished citizens. We recently reaffirmed our commitment to justice by passing the Juvenile Justice Systems Act, a measure which has addressed the welfare and educational needs of vulnerable juvenile offenders. In July of this year, we hosted the UN's World Day against Trafficking in Persons, with an emphasis on displaced women and children. We hope fellow Member States will join and support us in our continued commitment to ensuring access to legal action, particularly for the most vulnerable within our societies. We firmly assert that collaborative efforts to promote awareness between Member Nations as well as individual domestic reform taken at the pace of individual states is the most viable way to ensure equal access to justice for all. | |
| Country: | Pakistan |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| Globalization and advances in technology have made international and transnational
organized crime a dangerous reality. While individual governments pursue offenders
within their borders, smuggling, drug trafficking, terrorism, and cybercrime proliferate
largely unchecked. To combat this threat to all Member States, the Economic and Social
Council of the United Nations established the Commission on Crime Prevention and
Criminal Justice in 1992, which is the policymaking body for international crime
prevention. With a viable commission in place, the UN adopted the Convention against
Transnational Organized Crime, greatly increasing cooperation between Member States
and establishing an international definition for transnational crime. The SHERLOC
program was created as a complement to these initiatives, acting as a system under
which Member Nations may exchange relevant information regarding crime. With a firm
framework in place, Member Nations have been incentivized to cooperate with each
other to ensure the efficacy of their own justice systems.
As transnational crime is a global issue that affects all member states, Pakistan recognizes the growing need for regional pacts and cooperation that promote the sharing of useful information while safeguarding strong borders and the sovereignty of individual states. In 2018, Pakistan passed the Prevention of Trafficking in Persons Act, which imposes a steep fine on those found guilty of trafficking. In 2022, we partnered with the UNODC to create the first ever Pilot Initiative in Asia, which has the goal of promoting and reaching the Sustainable Development Goals for 2030. During this time, we announced the ratification of the Trafficking in Persons protocol (TIP), an initiative designed to address instances of human trafficking within our borders. Most recently, we have worked closely with the UNODC to establish a national anti-trafficking hotline and increase the rate of prosecution for trafficking and smuggling crimes. We assert that regional cooperation is an important step in combatting transnational crime, but we caution the UN against promoting global initiatives that may compromise border security and national sovereignty. Our wish is that fellow member states both acknowledge the danger posed by incidents of transnational trafficking and recognize the need for measures that safeguard access to crime prevention technology. Let us enter the next quarter of this century as collaborators, both regionally and globally, united in preventing transnational crime and promoting national sovereignty. | |
| Country: | Paraguay |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| The Republic of Paraguay recognizes the importance of the right to equal access to justice for all.
We express concern for the fact that worldwide there are many obstacles in achieving equal
access to justice for all. Namely the global underreporting of physical and sexual violence, with
under 50% of physical violence cases being reported and only 17% of sexual violence cases
reported. Nearly a third of the global prison population is being held untried, pretrial, or waiting
for a decision; a statistic that has been consistent since 2015 at 30%. Lastly, discrimination
affects one out of six people globally with racial discrimination being most common; individuals
with disabilities face nearly double the rate of discrimination as non-disabled individuals.
We are committed to the goals established in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and in 2014, passed our 2030 National Development Plan, aligning with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development at 92% similarity. After the implementation of our National Development Plan, we implemented the National Council for Access to Justice and the National Houses of Justice Programme. We are eagerly anticipating working with our neighbors Brazil and Chile, as we have before on the Inter-American Development Bank, as well as any other Member States who are committed to keeping the power in the hands of the States. | |
| Country: | Paraguay |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| To address the pervasive concern of transnational organized crime, Paraguay is committed to
combating organized crime organizations within our borders, throughout the region of South,
and the world. The Tri-Border Area between Paraguay, Brazil, and Argentina, while allowing for
convenient trade and transit, also experiences elevated levels of criminal activity by
transnational organized crime groups, cybercriminals, cartels, mafias, and terrorist
organizations. Studies by the United Nations and INTERPOL estimate that the illegal activities by
organized crime groups in the Tri-Border Area amount to tens of billions of dollars annually.
Transnational organized crime devastates the global order, along with national economies and
institutions, costing a global average of $1.6 trillion annually. Cybercrime also alarms Paraguay,
with an estimated global cost of $10.5 trillion by the year 2025.
Paraguay keenly feels the effects of the economic and political turmoil brought about by transnational organized crime. Because we understand that Member States' economic disadvantages may inhibit implementing effective solutions, we endeavor to collaborate with all Member States who offer innovative perspectives to countering crime, particularly neighboring Member State Brazil who we have collaborated in recent years to address this pressing concern. We see transnational organized crime as a global problem, and view collaboration with both neighboring and far-away Member States as an imperative measure to countering crime globally and in our region. Adherence to the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals and the Charter of the United Nations are among our priorities, specifically SDG 16.4, 16.5, and 16.A, which refer specifically to the effects of illegal economies and transnational organized crime. | |
| Country: | Qatar |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| The State of Qatar recognizes the importance of crime prevention for social stability and human rights protection. Qatar acknowledges the need for proactive measures to address potential risks, especially with the rapidly changing world of organized crime and other threats posed to people across the world like illicit trafficking, terrorism, financial corruption, as well as cybercrime. Central to a necessary strategy is cooperation between relevant parties, both within a region and on the international level. Cooperation is of increasing importance in the modern world to keep up with new, innovative forms of crime and the heightened potential of criminal activity spanning across multiple nations. Qatar heavily advocates for regional initiatives to share information, resources, and expertise. The use of modern technology such as surveillance and data analysis will be imperative for the productivity of this movement. Qatar remains committed to addressing the issue of crime prevention through increased funding and international collaboration and awareness. Qatar emphasizes the importance of international cooperation technological advancement, and global awareness in creating a safer society for all. | |
| Country: | Qatar |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| Organized crime poses a significant threat to Qatar's standing as an international trading
hub
and flourishing economy. Some of these threats include human trafficking, drug trafficking,
financial crimes such as money laundering, corruption, piracy, and terrorism. Qatar strives to
be one of the safest nations in the world; however, these crimes make it impossible for this to
be true. Therefore, Qatar has made crime prevention a high priority, with a focus on promoting
international collaboration and the passage of resolutions. Qatar is actively fighting this war
with legislation to push back organized crime. The Qatar Law No. 15 of 2011 combats human
trafficking with strict definitions and penalties for committing such acts. Additionally, the Law
No. 4 of 2010 strictly acts against money laundering and terrorism funding. The government
justifies these measures as a requirement to maintain public safety and to fulfill Qatar's
commitment to international crime prevention efforts. With that being said, Qatar supports
various UN resolutions that aim to enhance international cooperation against organized crime.
The Global Programme for the Implementation of the Doha Declaration was drafted and
focused on corruption in the government and keeping the integrity of the judicial branch,
rehabilitation programs to prevent recidivism, and using sports to provide positive experiences
and support healthy development in young people. This Declaration reflects Qatar's ongoing
efforts to collaborate with the United Nations to support crime prevention on a global scale.
Further, Qatar would like to address the root causes contributing to organized crime by
supporting programs that promote development and educational opportunities. So far, Qatar
has implemented education and training programs in more than 45 countries. We are
committed to aiding in international collaboration and driving legislation that combats
organized crime while promoting
justice and integrity within legal systems. Together, we can dismantle organized criminal enterprises and their detrimental effects on humanity. | |
| Country: | South Africa |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| South Africa recognizes the injustice of apartheid and understands the pain and suffering it caused our country. Any form of segregation is an unjust and we will never stay silent about such crimes. South Africa upholds the Rule of Law and is a democratic country. We advocate for the international implementation of the Rule of Law within the United Nations frameworks to ensure fairness. The Rule of Law is impartial and South Africa's delegation believes that all countries should provide equal access to just law, open government, and accessible and impartial justice. Just Law ensures that the law is transparent, widely publicized, and consistently applied, protecting human rights and property. Open Government ensures that the procedures involved in the adoption, administration, and enforcement of laws are accessible, equitable, and efficient. This will not be possible without offering resources and techniques to developing countries. Capacity Building is a key component enabling these governments to have the ability to address the economic, financial, and social challenges we all experience. With the support of developed countries, we can all work together to assist each other. By sharing training techniques and promoting Integrated National Financing Frameworks we can ensure equal access to justice. Focusing solely on implementing the Rule of Law nationally rather than internationally results in unfairness and hypocrisy. We must not forget the ongoing apartheid in Gaza for half a century must be addressed, this is an infringement of the Rule of Law, and we must put an end to the suffering and division. We call for an immediate ceasefire, the return of all hostages, and the establishment of a Palestinian state. We are committed to using all efforts to bring peace and end all forms of apartheid. Working together as one we the United Nations can be the constitution of the modern International Rule of Law ensuring equal access to all. | |
| Country: | South Africa |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| We, South Africa, advise international cooperation is severely important in decreasing maritime piracy, through supporting our military services and law enforcement at sea, but also other countries services as well in combating transnational crime. Specifically, because it not solely affects our country, but also other global countries' economies, which "maritime piracy costs the global economy between U$7 billion and U$12 billion a year, with the African coastline being the hardest hit," according to the International Monetary Fund. To combat this global crime, South Africa's Ministry of Defence believes that in partnership with the Tripartite Free Trade Area negotiations should extend the current agreement which allows the South African Navy to undertake operations in Mozambican and Tanzanian waters, to include Kenya. And South Africa's anti-piracy operation, which involves the South African Air Force, Special Forces and South African Military Health Services must be strengthened for operations to be sustained. A specific action that South Africa has taken to reinforce security of ships and combat armed robberies at sea was signing the Code of Conduct (Djibouti Code of Conduct) in collaboration with other African countries, which was adopted on 29 January 2009. The Code of Conduct works in collaboration with the International Maritime Organization, which also has ties with the United Nations Security Council to ensure that South Africa and other neighboring countries' ships are safe from piracy and armed robbery. As one of many agreements, the conduct of shared operations; both among signatory States and navies from countries outside the region, such as nominating law enforcement or other authorized officials to embark on patrol ships or aircraft of another signatory. UN Assistant Secretary-General for Africa, Martha Pobee even advises that interventions by national authorities and regional and international partners are important in eliminating maritime piracy, specifically forming joint naval groups, since it can enhance cooperation and information sharing. | |
| Country: | Thailand |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| Equal access to justice is an essential pillar of promoting the rule of law and safeguarding
human rights globally. As part of its commitment to this goal, Thailand has consistently
worked to close the global justice gap, ensuring that all individuals can exercise their legal
rights effectively. According to the United Nations. Many marginalized groups, including
women, children, and those living in poverty, are disproportionately affected, facing multiple
barriers in realizing their legal rights. Globally, over 5 billion people lack access to justice due
to various barriers, including financial constraints, lack of legal representation, and systemic
corruption. This issue is recognized under Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16, which
aims to promote peace, justice, and strong institutions. Recent studies, such as the 2023
Rule of Law Index from World Justice Project, place Thailand 82nd globally and 10th
regionally in East Asia and the Pacific area, highlighting areas in which the country's justice
system still requires improvement. While the index suggested Thailand's Rule of Law
performance was steady, its ranking had consistently declined over time, pointing out that
the country's justice system still requires improvement.
Thailand has been proactive in addressing the need for equal access to justice through several initiatives, including the establishment of the Thailand Institute of Justice (TIJ), a member of the UN Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Programme Network (PNI). The TIJ works to promote public education on criminal justice and provide legal aid to marginalized populations. Additionally, as the only country in Southeast Asia with an official institution dedicated to justice within the ASEAN framework, Thailand is uniquely positioned to play a key role in strengthening justice across the region. Thailand also participated in the 33rd session of the CCPCJ in Vienna, reaffirming its commitment to justice-related matters . Thailand's proposed solutions focus on expanding access to legal aid, particularly for vulnerable groups, and ensuring that the legal system is accessible and transparent. By improving legal literacy and making legal services more affordable, Thailand believes all people should be empowered to exercise their rights. Thailand stresses the need for Member States to lead and coordinate efforts to develop a future where justice is accessible to every individual, regardless of their socioeconomic status. As such, Thailand recommends that the national government seek additional help from NGOs to make the legal services more affordable. Some institutions can provide free counseling services to disadvantaged groups. And educational institutions can provide learning tools through online media that will enhance the awareness of justice among the general public. In addition, the Kingdom of Thailand supports the full implementation of the Hague Declaration and hopes to build cooperation with other Member States to adopt people-centered justice frameworks. As such practices are implemented, the human rights of global citizens can be more fully realized. | |
| Country: | Thailand |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| Transnational organized crime and corruption present severe challenges to global security
and economic development. Addressing these issues requires a coordinated international
response, particularly as cybercrime, with its borderless nature, threatens global economies,
costing an estimated $10.5 trillion annually by 2025 according to the World Economic
Forum. Gaps in law enforcement, legal frameworks, and international collaboration persist;
transnational crime networks exploit these gaps, making it essential to strengthen both
domestic measures and international cooperation. Initiatives like the ASEAN Justice
Innovation Project aim to enhance regional judicial cooperation, especially in areas like
human trafficking, drug smuggling, and cybercrime. Other than that, corruption is widespread
and is one of the most severe threats to erode people's trust in governance, and combating
it has been one of the initial goals of politics and government.
Thailand recognizes the significant challenges posed by transnational organized crime and corruption and emphasizes the need for robust cross-border cooperation, capacity building, and the establishment of common legal frameworks to fight cybercrime effectively. Thailand is committed to fostering international partnerships in the fight against organized crime and corruption. The country is working to improve information sharing, joint operations, and capacity building for law enforcement. As a member of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC), Thailand supports global efforts to streamline legal cooperation and improve mutual assistance in criminal matters. Domestically, the establishment of both constitutional and private bodies such as the National Anti-Corruption Commission and Anti-Money Laundering Office (AMLO) reflects Thailand's endeavor to tackle the financial flows that fuel organized crime. Thailand advocates for the use of technology to combat these crimes, improving tracking systems and legal frameworks to dismantle criminal networks. Thailand calls for closer collaboration with international and regional partners to combat organized crime and corruption. The country will continue to advocate for strengthening international legal frameworks and enhancing transparency in law enforcement. Thailand recommends Member States update national laws to align with international standards, such as, adopting comprehensive anti-money laundering legislation that complies with the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) recommendations to close gaps that organized crime groups might exploit. Additionally, the national government can launch policies such as educating the public about the risks and signs of organized crime, empowering citizens to report suspicious activities, and collaborating with NGOs to promote awareness campaigns for crime prevention. Furthermore, government integrity is supported through strengthening accountability institutions and. The World Bank is supporting governments in adopting electronic systems to reduce collusion and other forms of corruption. Achieving long-term this goal requires Member States to work together. Developing innovative strategies through global partnership addresses the evolving nature of transnational crime, ensuring a safer and more just future for all. | |
| Country: | United Kingdom |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| Equal access to justice has been a longstanding focus for the UN. The strive for equal access
has been hampered by corruption, court backlogs, and an increase in crime.
Owing to the belief that backlogs can not be reduced while crime remains high, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK) echoes the struggles with the international court backlogs and commends the efforts of the 13th UN Congresses on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which focuses on reducing crime to reduce judicial backlogs and ensure better treatment of all. The UK specifically encourages Member States to focus on Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4 aiming to improve education to empower people with higher quality education, and SDGs 10 and 11 which are focused on reducing inequality and increasing safety. The UK believes implementing more specified actions to meet the targets of SDGs 4, 10, and 11 are instrumental in reducing judicial backlogs. The UK considers corruption a critical threat to all judicial systems, which necessitates greater efforts to address it. There must be continued and enhanced efforts to adhere to the UN Convention against Corruption, specifically Article 15 (focused on bribery) and Article 25 (focused on obstruction of justice). With crime reduction, the UK believes conducting international surveys on sentencing policies of various states may be beneficial, especially with the widespread implementation of policies that have worked well in some states. Parts of the UK have also employed the Crime Survey, a means to assess true levels of crime to allow for more targeted and effective crime prevention measures. Implementing crime assessment measures similar to this on a global scale may allow for a better understanding of true crime levels and take unreported crimes into account. The UK believes that, with collaboration, equal access to justice for all can be attained. | |
| Country: | United Kingdom |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| Transnational organized crime groups (TOCG) have plagued Member States with crime,
casualties, and conflict. These TOCGs have directly caused violence, instability, and mistrust
across Member States.
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK) is particularly concerned by the international trafficking of weapons. The UK believes that these arms, which strengthen criminals into taking more destructive action, only empower TOCGs with funds and firepower. The UK continually backs the efforts made by the UN Office of Drugs and Crime (UNODC) for the eradication of arms trafficking and echoes the 2006 UN Resolution 61/89 and the 2013 Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects. The UK seconds its commitments made through The Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms to counter the homemade manufacturing of weapons. Another aspect of TOCGs the UK is concerned with is financial crime. Financial Intelligence Units have been globally combating the financial revenues of TOCGs through International Controller Networks aimed at dismantling money laundering networks. The UK reinforces the actions of the UNODC and the UN Convention against Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances, UN Global Programme against Money Laundering, and the Proceeds of Crime, and the Financing of Terrorism, as these are critical pathways for funding of TOCGs. There must also be enhanced collaboration among Member States to counter the activities of TOCGs, specifically by coordinating expertise to assist with operations and investigations, supporting training and capacity building within vulnerable Member States to combat TOCGs, as well as enhancing information exchange among Member States to better understand and predict the activities of TOCGs and prevent crime and conflict from occurring. The UK strongly believes all these actions can help cease criminal proceedings of TOCGs. | |
| Country: | United States of America |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| The United States of America was founded on the ideals of equality and justice for all, and remains committed to ensuring access to justice for all individuals, recognizing that it is a cornerstone of human rights and rule of law. A fair and accessible judicial system is essential to protecting the rights of every person, regardless of race, gender, economic status, or any other factor. Domestically, the United States of America has implemented various initiatives regarding equality and justice. The Legal Services Corporation provides critical support to low- income individuals, making sure that those in need have access to legal representation. Criminal justice reform efforts continue to enhance rehabilitation opportunities, provide fair sentencing, and reduce barriers after reentry into society. Furthermore, anti-discrimination laws, like the Civil Rights Act and Americans with Disabilities Act, ensure equal treatment and access to justice across all communities. Internationally, the United States actively supports efforts to strengthen the rule of law and judicial systems around the world. Through financial and technical assistance, the U.S. helps other nations develop transparent, independent judicial processes. The United States also aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly Goal 16, which promotes access to justice and the building of effective, accountable, institutions worldwide. To further advance equal access to justice, the U.S. encourages all Member States to strengthen legal aid systems, promote equality in justice, and foster international cooperation to support judicial reforms. | |
| Country: | United States of America |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| The United States of America recognizes transnational organized crime (TOC) and corruption as major global threats that undermine security, economic development, and governance. Criminal networks engage in activities such as human trafficking, drug smuggling, cybercrime, and money laundering, often exploiting weak governance and financial systems. The U.S. is committed to addressing these challenges through international cooperation, as outlined in the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the United Nations Convention against Corruption. The United States advocates for enhanced global efforts in several key areas: improving information sharing and intelligence exchange through platforms like INTERPOL and Europol, strengthening financial transparency to combat money laundering, building law enforcement and governance capacities in developing nations, and fostering cooperation in addressing cybercrime. Additionally, the U.S. supports stronger frameworks to combat corruption by promoting good governance, protecting whistleblowers, and enforcing transparency. To further these initiatives, the United States of America recommends creating a Global Action Plan under United Nations leadership to coordinate efforts, strengthen sanctions against TOC leaders and corrupt officials, and enhance mechanisms for asset recovery. Public- private partnerships between governments, businesses, and financial institutions are also crucial in disrupting illicit activities. Through enhanced multilateral cooperation, the international community can more effectively combat organized crime and corruption, promoting global stability and sustainable development. The United States of America looks forward to working closely with all member states to ensure a more secure, transparent, and just global community. | |
| Country: | Uruguay |
| Topic: | Equal access to justice for all |
| Paper text: | |
| The first topic I will be discussing is how equal access to justice can be ensured for vulnerable and displaced persons. Data reveals that less than 50% of those who experience physical violence report the incident, and the reporting rate for sexual violence is alarmingly low, at only 17%. The 1st way is to ensure access to justice and realizing a safe and secure society are central to the commitments expressed in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals. Another way is ensuring access to legal aid in the justice systems, to those accused, charged, prosecuted or sentenced for committing a crime but also to victims and witnesses of crime. Also, reforming and modernizing police and other forms of law enforcement. Increasing the efficiency, accountability, and integrity of criminal justice institutions would help greatly as victims would feel much more safe and more inclined to report crimes because they would be able to rely on and trust the justice system. Furthering human rights-based approaches to the use of new technologies could help detect and find criminal activity before it occurs. Protecting, assisting, and supporting victims of crime is the least we can do after the fact and should always be given. Widening the use of restorative justice (needs/harm) would also help victims so they don't feel helpless when a crime is committed against them. My second topic was about if Uruguay considers criminal justice to be a domestic or international issue. Regarding this Uruguay considers criminal justice both an international and domestic issue but more of a domestic matter. However, Uruguay recognizes the importance of international cooperation with issues like human and drug trafficking specifically. Uruguay also participates in international treaties and collaborations to promote human rights and address transnational crime which balances their domestic authority and international obligations. My third topic I will be discussing is what regions or states in Uruguay have the greatest need for assistance in building their justice systems capacity for equal access and treatment of persons. The places in Uruguay that need the most assistance are Rural Areas, Small Urban Areas, and Indigenous communities. The places that need the most assistance are Cerro Largo, Tacuarembó, Paysandú, Montevideo's marginalized neighborhoods, and Rivera. Ways we can assist these states are by expanding services to underserved communities, focus on equality, prioritize transitional justice after conflict, identify existing justice actors, analyze the level of assistance needed. | |
| Country: | Uruguay |
| Topic: | International cooperation in combating transnational organized crime and corruption |
| Paper text: | |
| Over the past 78 years of the existence of the United Nations, technological innovations, environmental awareness, global cooperation, human rights, peace, and security have continued to improve steadily because of states joining forces to work together. However, these developments have also opened a dark portal of pure evil, if not managed, we will all turn against each other. Cyber Crimes have risen to the point of criminals sharing abusive images of children. Countries with power are invading developing countries, bombing and killing women, children, and men mercilessly. The heart of humanity has faded, but there is hope. In this globalized world, a terrorist action on one end has an effect on the other. We firmly condemn all authoritarian populism that violates human rights and hurts current and future generations. We are calling for a robust response from the international community to handle humanitarian crimes. Let us not live in utopia but formulate and implement working resolutions to save ourselves as humanity. The United Nations is a gift to all of us; working together, we can accomplish a secure and peaceful globe without crimes. Let us strive for actions in our regions to maintain the relevance of our conventions against crime and corruption. We are committed to supporting resolutions for lasting peace for nations and individuals, with a sense of justice, opportunity, dignity, and freedom prevailing. If we want truth and justice to rule our global village, there must be no hypocrisy. We can hold each other accountable and grow through responsible governance and integrity. If there is no truth, then there will be no equality. No equality, no justice. No justice, no peace. No peace, no love. No love, only darkness. | |
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