Position paper for General Assembly Second Committee
| Country: | Algeria |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The ongoing refugee crisis in Western Algeria necessitates support from international agencies and neighboring countries in North Africa and Europe. Algeria has provided sanctuary to Sahrawi refugees for over fifty years. Refugee camps within Algeria are growing at an alarming rate, worsening tensions between Algerian people and migrant communities. We cannot endure the immense strain that a large influx of refugees has placed on local services and infrastructure. We call on the international community to provide assistance to countries suffering from significant refugee crises. Algeria requires immediate assistance to provide food, education, healthcare, and critical social services so we can uphold the dignity and human rights of displaced peoples. Furthermore, we reiterate our full solidarity with the Palestinian people. The current humanitarian situation in Gaza is unacceptable, inhumane, and illegal under international law. Innocent human beings are dying from malnutrition and lack of access to adequate healthcare. We demand that Israel immediately complies with the provisional measures mandated by the ICJ to safeguard the Palestinian people from genocide. At this critical moment, we call on our fellow nations to pledge additional financial support for UNHCR (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees) and UNRWA (The United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East). | |
| Country: | Algeria |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The volatility of global oil prices poses a major challenge to the stability of the Algerian economy, which remains heavily reliant on natural gas exports. However, Algeria is on an ambitious path toward economic modernization and sustainable development. We have increased investments in non-hydrocarbon industries and renewable energy infrastructure. The Algerian Economic Recovery Plan and the Algerian National Climate Plan outline our strategy to facilitate private-led, sustainable economic growth through diversifying our energy sector, investing in renewable resources, and implementing structural reforms. We aim to ensure long-term stability for Algeria, promote regional growth, and work toward our climate goals outlined in the Paris Agreement. To accomplish these goals, we seek a stronger partnership with the World Bank to finance clean energy infrastructure and green technologies. Additionally, we reaffirm the UNDP 2022-2025 Strategic Plan priorities of socio- economic diversification, climate action, strengthening of governing institutions through partnerships. We aim to collaborate with the ILO (International Labor Organization) to increase employment opportunitiesparticularly for Algerias youth by adhering to the SSE (Social and Solidarity Economy) framework. We welcome evaluation and scrutiny against the targets and indicators of the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals). We are anchored in our commitment to the DPPA (United Nations Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs) and its fight for accountability and transparency in the public sector. We pledge our commitment to these international priorities and urge monitoring and evaluation from the United Nations. | |
| Country: | Argentina |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| We seek to encourage further agricultural growth in the future, because food production has
become much more difficult in the face of climate change issues. Technological advances
have not been able to keep up with extreme weather events, such as droughts and floods
which occur with increasing frequency in our own country and around the world. This affects
even the largest food producing states, causing hunger and poverty around the world. The
UN is currently struggling to deliver on any of its Sustainable Development Goals for the 21st
century, as the crises we face continue to worsen.
Lower class families make up a huge portion of workers in the agriculture sector, regardless of country. Fixing climate change is an impossible task for the United Nations to tackle with any success but creating policies that encourage family farms can be quite simple. We strongly encourage that action is taken to push these families to not only continue their work, but also to become more prosperous, leading to increasing productivity. Governments should not necessarily provide direct funding to these people, but rather invest in programs that can promote agriculture to the population through education and encouragement. There should also be a particular focus on technological advancements that can help farmers by increasing productivity and further protecting them from weather events. For this reason, large corporations in the agricultural field should continue to thrive as well. Some may argue that corporations are predatory to smaller, family-based farming operations. This idea is based on a pessimistic viewpoint which encourages large farming operations to take over the sector, because that is the governments expectation. Corporations should instead be seen as a driving force that can support smaller farms by innovating new technologies and efficient methods. In short, the key to agricultural and economic growth is to encourage all productivity and advancement | |
| Country: | Argentina |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The United Nations has made tremendous progress in the uplifting of middle-income
countries and providing them the support needed to ensure that their people can live lives
of prosperity and dignity. Through these efforts the United Nations has lifted a total of
twenty-five member states into economic prosperity throughout the 21st century.
Unfortunately, after the global pandemic caused by Covid-19, we have seen these same
nations struggle to regain their footing as inflation continues to hurt many peoples lives. As
the World Bank has reported, member state governments have had to use unprecedented
practices to address the financial crises presented by Covid-19, with their struggles directly
affecting the worlds impoverished and needy. As stated by Deputy-Secretary General Amina
Mohammed earlier this year, middle-income countries represent close to one-third of
global GDP and they are major engines of global growth. Furthermore, he noted that these
same countries represent roughly 75% of the global population. It is this information that
has helped us realize the significance of supporting these nations to strengthen the global
economy. We also encourage member states not only to address the continued rise of
inflation rates across MICs as a matter of aiding the global population, but to restimulate the
global economy as it continues to develop in the modern century.
As our state remains committed to the development of MICs and impoverished nations, and meeting the goals set out by the Second Committee of the General Assembly, we ask to further review the current progress being made in the endeavor to aid MICs in reducing inflation rates linked to the remaining economic struggles linked to covid-era decisions to address short-term financial emergencies. By reviewing these practices, we believe that we can act on this opportunity to better aid the many impoverished families who continue to struggle today. | |
| Country: | Armenia |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Armenia recognizes the importance of sustainable agriculture to achieve food security and improve nutrition for its population. Despite its challenging geographic conditions, Armenia has made significant strides in modernizing its agricultural sector. However, climate change, land degradation, and rural poverty continue to hinder progress. Armenia advocates for increased international cooperation to promote climate-resilient farming practices and improve rural infrastructure. By collaborating with global partners, Armenia seeks to enhance food production, reduce malnutrition, and ensure that sustainable food systems are prioritized to meet the needs of its citizens. | |
| Country: | Armenia |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Armenia, as a middle-income country, recognizes the necessity of development cooperation in achieving sustainable growth. The nation advocates for enhanced partnerships between middle income countries and international institutions to address shared challenges, such as economic vulnerability, climate change, and technological disparities. Armenia emphasizes the need for tailored development assistance that reflects the specific needs of middle- income countries, including capacity-building, technology transfer, and financial support for sustainable development initiatives. Armenia believes that collaborative frameworks can foster mutual growth and help bridge the development gap within the global community. Conclusion Armenia remains committed to working alongside the international community to address critical global challenges, particularly in areas of agricultural development and cooperation with middle-income countries. By focusing on sustainable solutions and fostering international partnerships, Armenia believes that a future of shared prosperity and food security is achievable for all nations. The Republic of Armenia looks forward to continuing its active participation in UN efforts to advance these important goals. | |
| Country: | Australia |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Food insecurity affects 48% of low-income Australians (Income less than $30,000/Year), 19% of Australians are required to skip meals or go entire days without eating. Australia realizes the right to food and supports causes that strengthen food security and decrease the progression of undernourishment. Australias food shortage can be heavily attributed to the economic shocks changing the price of energy and fertilizer, and global warming. Global warming can create inconsistent change to Australia's weather patterns, create severe droughts or heat waves, and create difficulties for farmers to raise livestock or grow crops. Australia understands the severe effects of global warming, and spends nearly $222 Million per year to upscale climate resilient farming by working in tandem with NGOs, foreign governments, private sectors, and community partners to approach the needs of Australias poorest. The parliament of Australia recognises the importance of food security and the necessity of a national food plan and even considers appointing a health minister. Australia supports the idea of cooperating with multiple echelons of government, charities, and other health related industries to create a national food plan to create clear objectives, quantifiable goals, and frequent updates to create a council that repairs the food security crisis. The Australian department of Foreign Affairs and Trade is presently combating food insecurity by providing resources to emergency food assistance causes, advocating for open trading regulations and avoiding restrictions on fertilizers and food, and supporting protection systems to act as a safety for those affected by food prices. Australia also supports global food assistance by funding the World Food Programme which delivers emergency food assistance to those who need it most, and provides core funding to the International Committee of the Red Cross, the UN Refugee Agency, UN Central emergency response fund, and the UN office of the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. | |
| Country: | Australia |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Australia is one of the world's 108 Middle income countries. Australias estimated budget for the Official Development Assistance is estimated to be nearly $5 Billion through the 2024-25 year. Australia supports the efforts of implementing the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development as well as its Sustainable development goals, as well as regional and global efforts to build economic resilience to include all partners in the benefits of the global rules- based order and partners effectively with development partners. This can be done through innovative financing like the Orange Bond Initiative, which sends billions towards improving access to finance, goods, and assets that generate income. Australia pays immense attention to the pacific region and will be spending $2 Billion on developmental assistance to the pacific region, and nearly $400 million to support 12 countries to improve the more efficient delivery of critical services. The support for the pacific aids causes like climate change, gender equality, climate resilient infrastructure, education, health, and connectivity to transition partners in the pacific to make the transition to renewable energy especially in rural areas. This partnership also includes a $100 Million Australia-Pacific partnership to promote more sustainable Pacific aviation to highlight economic growth. Australia recognises the diverse needs of countries, especially when it comes to emergencies and unpredictable factors. Australias foreign development partnerships are based on the necessary resources to recover from specific hardships, not the countrys income or other economic factors. Switching to a Comprehensive Wealth Measure wouldnt necessarily have any impact on the categorization of middle income countries, nor should the categorization be redefined, cooperative development is at its core, about self sustaining economic systems, Innovation of technology and climate resilient infrastructure, prevention of gender based violence, and preparedness of obstacles. | |
| Country: | Austria |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| We need to focus on the crucial role of sustainable agriculture in ensuring global food security and improving nutrition. As a country with a rich agricultural tradition, Austria is committed to promoting sustainable farming practices that prioritize environmental stewardship, economic viability, and social responsibility. Our agricultural policy emphasizes organic farming, with over 26% of agricultural land devoted to organic productionthe highest percentage in the European Union. Austria believes that sustainable agricultural development is key to addressing the challenges of food insecurity and malnutrition worldwide. Austria is dedicated to advancing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 2, which seeks to end hunger, achieve food security, and promote sustainable agriculture. We advocate for integrating climate-smart agricultural techniques to increase productivity while minimizing environmental impact. Austria supports research and innovation in agroecological practices that enhance soil health, preserve biodiversity, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Austria acknowledges that climate change significantly threatens food security and nutrition. As such, we call for increased international collaboration to support smallholder farmers in adapting to climate-related challenges. This includes providing financial and technical assistance for sustainable agricultural practices and investing in resilient agricultural infrastructure. In addressing global malnutrition, Austria emphasizes the importance of improving access to diverse, nutrient- rich foods. We advocate for strengthening food systems to ensure affordability and availability of nutritious food for all, especially vulnerable populations. Austria supports international efforts to reduce food waste, as approximately one-third of food produced globally is lost or wasted. Austria is committed to working with other nations to achieve sustainable agricultural development, food security, and improved nutrition. We encourage collaborative action to build resilient food systems that can withstand economic, environmental, and social challenges, ensuring a healthy future for all. | |
| Country: | Austria |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Middle income nations demand specialized assistance from the United Nations (UN). Austria argues that the UN should take a nuanced stance in helping these nations by going beyond one size fits all policies that overlook their unique requirements. Austria highlights the importance of the United Nations enhancing its data collection and analysis efforts to comprehend the social and economic challenges faced by different middle- income countries (MIC). This information could support the development of policies and enable the UN to create tailored solutions that align with each country's specific circumstances. Austria emphasizes the significance of sharing knowledge and enhancing capabilities in one area; Middle Income Countries (MIC). MIC should have access to resources from high income countries (HIC) such as expertise and best practices to bridge development disparities effectively. Creating partnerships that enable technical collaboration will empower MIC to drive innovation in key sectors like sustainable farming practices and digital infrastructure while promoting renewable energy solutions. Moreover, Austria highlights the importance of the United Nations (UN) playing a role in providing access, to financing terms and new technology to tackle inequities and foster sustainable development. Establishing a fund that offers specific financial support for projects in middle income countries that align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) could represent a significant advancement. Austria stresses the importance of collaboration in tackling challenges faced by middle income countries (MIC). The country promotes increased cooperation among MIC countries in the South to address issues and share strategies for development progress mutually beneficial for all involved parties This collaborative approach allows MIC nations to learn from one another and work towards shared objectives effectively Furthermore strengthening triangular cooperation among MIC countries high income countries (HIC) and international organizations is essential, for ensuring that knowledge exchange and development solutions are tailored to the circumstances of MIC nations. Austria is also advocating for trade deals that enhance the market entry of middle income countries (MIC) particularly in industries such as agriculture and manufacturing sectors to facilitate their integration into global markets and promote inclusive and sustainable development trajectories for them. Simultaneously emphasizing the significance of private partnerships (PPPs) to stimulate investments and advancements in infrastructure development as well, as education and healthcare sectors. Austria backs the United Nations efforts to promote private partnerships in tackling development challenges, in middle income countries (MIC) emphasizing projects that adhere to sustainable principles and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). When it comes to categorizing countries based on their development status Austria acknowledges that solely using income levels to define middle income countries (MIC) may not fully capture the intricacies of their progress. Austria advocates for an approach called Development in Transition (DiT) which takes into account factors like institutional strength, inequality levels and environmental fragility alongside income per person. By adopting this approach MIC nations can avoid getting stuck in situations where they no longer qualify for financial assistance despite still needing support, for their development. Austria is considering the idea of using a Comprehensive Wealth Measure that considers not only financial aspects but also natural resources and social well being to gain a deeper understanding of a nations progress and development goals. Austria advises against removing the MIC category as it could result in (MIC) countries losing vital international assistance. Therefore Austria stresses the importance of conducting an assessment of the potential consequences before making any modifications, to the classification of wealth. | |
| Country: | Belarus |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| We firmly support improving the general status of agriculture development throughout all
member states of the United Nations in the quickest and most efficient time manner.
Although we want the development to be done quickly, we also believe such
improvement must be thoroughly organized, concise, and coordinated. Agricultural
sectors are a fundamental sector of the economy, as sustainable practices keep it stable
and sufficient. We believe that technological advancements should be pursued, as the
current improvements and increases in these said technologies, infrastructure, and
innovation have shown to be beneficial to the agricultural sector.
Furthermore, we strongly support increasing and strengthening food security, by asking for member states to enact sustainable and sufficient practices with food programs nationally. We believe that food security is in line with agricultural development, as stable food security also advocates for a stronger agricultural sector, therefore increasing development. This also strengthens cooperation with other member states. Lastly, we firmly support increasing nutrition and overall quality of food and goods for member states. Preventing malnutrition and hunger is extremely beneficial to the quality of life amongst citizens. Also, attempting to reduce obesity rates and overall dietary concerns is beneficial to citizens as well. These ideals can be achieved through proper advancements and developments of the agricultural sector, as supported earlier. We urge all member states to increase the overall effectiveness of agriculture development, food security, and nutrition within our respective nations. Increasing development and advancements within these sectors will provide not only a stronger economy, but healthier and an overall better quality of life for citizens. | |
| Country: | Belarus |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| We firmly believe in furthering relationships and alliances amongst middle-income countries. Throughout history, we have shown that we are willing to work with other countries on both a social and economic level. We have maintained partnerships with several middle-income nations, particularly in trade, industrial development, and technology sectors. For a long time, we have been looking to broaden our trade market beyond our traditional partners. Other middle-income countries present new opportunities for trade partnerships, especially in sectors like agriculture, engineering, and technology. These partnerships could be extremely beneficial for both participating countries and their economies. We encourage member states to increase development with middle-income countries, especially in trade or areas of diplomatic ties. Through targeted partnerships and industrial cooperation, Belarus can be a relevant player in development initiatives with middle-income nations. | |
| Country: | Belgium |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Belgium acknowledges the critical importance of sustainable agriculture, food security, and
nutrition in achieving global stability and prosperity. Belgium, as a nation committed to tackling
these concerns, focuses on five important areas: sustainable agricultural practices, innovation
and technology transfer, market access, nutritional security, and climate change resilience.
Agriculture, food security, and nutrition are vital to alleviating global poverty, promoting
economic stability, and enhancing health. As the world's population grows, sustainable
agricultural techniques are critical to meeting rising food demand, reducing hunger, and
combating malnutrition. Food security refers to the availability of healthy food, equitable access
for all, and proper use to promote well-being. While agriculture accounts for a lesser portion of
Belgium's economy, the country remains a major food exporter and a prominent advocate for
sustainability.
Belgium regularly supports international development programs, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, that seek to improve local agricultural practices and food security. Belgium's engagement with organizations such as the FAO and the World Food Programme demonstrates its commitment to innovation, sustainability, and climate resilience. These initiatives help to address global food concerns in an increasingly fragile world. | |
| Country: | Belgium |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| In terms of development cooperation, Belgium remains dedicated to delivering targeted financial support, capacity building, partnerships, and collaboration to developing nations. In line with the European Union, Belgium focuses its efforts on Least Developed Countries (LDCs), with a particular emphasis on Sub-Saharan Africa. Recent increases in Belgium's Official Development Assistance (ODA) demonstrate the country's continuous commitment to global development. While Belgium works to help middle-income countries (MICs), the difficulty remains assuring the effectiveness and sustainability of aid. Belgium's global cooperation initiatives prioritize tailored support to the different needs of MICs, particularly in the areas of inequality, climate vulnerability, and governance. | |
| Country: | Brazil |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Brazil's agricultural sector has historically been a cornerstone of its economy, contributing
significantly to both domestic and international markets. As the world's second-largest grain
exporter, Brazil plays a pivotal role in global food security. The country's diverse agricultural
production, ranging from soybeans and coffee to beef and sugarcane, has propelled it to the
forefront of agricultural exports.
Brazil's agricultural sector has demonstrated remarkable growth in recent decades. In 2022, soybeans were the most valuable crop, accounting for 41.6% of the country's agricultural production. Combined, soybeans, corn, and sugarcane made up nearly 75% of Brazil's agricultural output by value. However, this rapid expansion has come at a significant environmental cost. Deforestation rates, particularly in the Amazon and Cerrado biomes, have been closely linked to agricultural activities. During the 2002-2008 period, the Cerrado lost 4.1% of its cover annually, while the Amazon lost 3.2%. To address these environmental challenges, Brazil has implemented various sustainable agricultural practices. Agroforestry, which integrates trees with crops or livestock, has proven effective in reducing deforestation and improving soil health. Conservation agriculture, emphasizing minimal soil disturbance and cover crop use, helps to prevent erosion and enhance soil fertility. Additionally, Brazil has promoted low-carbon-emission agricultural practices in the Cerrado, restoring over 93,000 hectares of pastureland. While these sustainability initiatives are promising, the challenge of balancing agricultural expansion with environmental protection remains substantial. Brazil's government must continue to invest in research and development to support the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices. Furthermore, policies that incentivize sustainable land use and discourage deforestation are essential for ensuring the long-term sustainability of the agricultural sector. Beyond environmental concerns, Brazil's agricultural sector also faces challenges related to food security and nutrition. The country's transition to a more diversified diet has led to an increase in non-communicable diseases, such as obesity. Public policies aimed at promoting healthy eating habits and ensuring access to nutritious food are crucial for addressing these issues. In conclusion, Brazil's agricultural sector is a vital component of its economy, but its growth must be balanced with environmental sustainability and public health considerations. By investing in sustainable practices, supporting research and development, and implementing effective policies, Brazil can ensure a prosperous and resilient agricultural future that benefits both its citizens and the global community. | |
| Country: | Brazil |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Brazil, as a leading emerging economy in the Global South, has a unique perspective on
development cooperation with middle-income countries. Having experienced its own
journey of economic growth and social development, Brazil recognizes the challenges and
opportunities that come with this status. Brazil's approach to development cooperation is
rooted in the principles of solidarity, South-South cooperation, and knowledge sharing. We
believe that middle-income countries, while making significant strides in their development,
still face unique challenges such as infrastructure gaps, inequality, and environmental
sustainability. To address these issues, Brazil advocates for a partnership-based approach
that leverages our expertise and resources to support sustainable and inclusive
development.
One key area of focus for Brazil's development cooperation is sustainable agriculture. As a major agricultural exporter, Brazil has developed innovative practices and technologies that can be shared with other middle-income countries to enhance food security, reduce poverty, and protect the environment. Additionally, Brazil is committed to promoting renewable energy and climate resilience. We believe that by investing in clean energy infrastructure and climate adaptation measures, middle-income countries can build more resilient and sustainable economies. Furthermore, Brazil recognizes the importance of human capital development. We support initiatives that promote education, health, and social inclusion, as these investments are essential for long-term economic growth and poverty reduction. By sharing our experiences in these areas, Brazil aims to contribute to the building of more equitable and just societies. In conclusion, Brazil's approach to development cooperation with middle-income countries is guided by a commitment to solidarity, partnership, and sustainable development. We believe that by working together, we can address the unique challenges facing these countries and build a more prosperous and equitable future for all. | |
| Country: | Canada |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Canada strongly believes in the importance of international cooperation to promote agriculture
development, food security, and nutrition. An estimated 733 million people worldwide face
hunger, with the largest proportion being women and other disadvantaged groups living in
underdeveloped countries. Efforts to address this challenge have been significantly hindered by
the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, and conflict, which have created substantial obstacles
in fully realizing the goals set out in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Unless action is
taken, this problem will only continue to grow, to the detriment of the entire international
community.
We support and urge Member States to implement General Assembly resolution 78/168 of 2023 and the 2024 Pact for the Future. Recommendations include: empowering women to participate in addressing their own food and nutritional needs, promoting climate-smart and resilient agrifood systems, and supporting countries affected by food insecurity and malnutrition through coordinated action. Recognizing that women, children, and Indigenous Peoples are particularly vulnerable, we urge Member States to ensure their full participation in policymaking and agricultural development. We support the creation and implementation of frameworks to address inequalities in access to food and nutrition, and support gender- and culturally-sensitive approaches in agricultural development aid. We must address the unique challenges developing countries face in meeting Goal 2 of the SDGs, and we encourage wealthier Member States to provide development aid to help achieve this goal. Strengthening cooperation with international financial institutions is essential to combating food and nutrition insecurity and promoting agriculture development. We support investment in agricultural research and innovation, along with information sharing and the transfer of technologies to address food and nutrition insecurity and advance climate-smart agricultural practices. Without addressing disparities in agriculture development, food security and nutrition, the international community cannot reach its full potential. | |
| Country: | Canada |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Canada wholeheartedly supports and urges Member States to implement General Assembly
resolution 78/162 of 2023, the 2024 Pact for the Future, and the 2024 Global Digital Compact.
We firmly believe in promoting a human rights-based and inclusive approach to providing development assistance to middle-income countries. We recognize that middle-income countries face unique challenges and advocate for tailoring development assistance strategies to the specific needs of each state. We emphasize the importance of strengthening partnerships with middle-income countries and fostering collaboration with governments, civil society, international financial institutions, and the private sector. We support the reform of international and private financial institutions to better address the needs of middle-income countries. We recognize that women are essential to development, and that gender inequality presents a significant obstacle to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. Our Feminist International Assistance Policy ensures that women and girls are placed at the very heart of our development assistance policies. We firmly believe in integrating gender-responsive approaches into United Nations development programs and advocating for inclusive economic development initiatives and social programs. Believing that wealthy countries have a duty to fight climate change, we have committed $5 billion to global climate finance efforts. We emphasize the importance of increasing climate financing to middle-income countries to promote measures for building climate resilience and transitioning to low-carbon economies. We encourage the implementation of policies that promote sustainable management of natural resources, increase biodiversity conservation, and integrate environmental considerations into development. We highlight the importance of South-South and Triangular cooperation in advancing the development of middle-income countries. We support initiatives that foster regional cooperation to address shared challenges, such as climate change, food and nutrition insecurity, weak governance, and inequality. We affirm our unwavering commitment to leaving no one behind. | |
| Country: | Chile |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| According to Sustainable Development Goal 2, end hunger, achieve food security and
improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture, the United Nations is committed
to ending world hunger by 2030. This is an intense goal considering almost 864 million
people worldwide face food insecurity, and almost half of the global population cannot
afford a nutritious diet as of 2024 just six years before the goal date. Due to global climate
change and the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been increased food insecurity and
malnutrition within the past several years. Many nations have experienced heightened
grocery prices and a decrease in available goods. The Republic of Chile is committed to
ensuring food security for all and recognizes that this begins with sustainable agricultural
development. Because most least developed countries have a high trade and economic
dependence on agriculture, there are concerns about sustainability for the farmers, state,
and environment within these LDCs. The Republic of Chile has committed itself to
practicing
and supporting sustainable agricultural development as well as supporting food security
and
adequate nutrition for all.
Being a core global producer of fresh fruit, dairy, meats, and forestry products, the Republic of Chile holds itself to high agricultural standards. Despite challenges faced by some Chilean farmers in improving productivity due to outdated agricultural technology, the Chilean government has made significant strides in developing innovative solutions, controlling pests, and providing organic fertilizers through the Inter-American Development Banks loan. The Republic of Chile hopes to share our successful experience with other developing countries. The Republic of Chile is interested in working alongside Latin American countries to end hunger. To achieve this goal, The Republic of Chile will work with The Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA) to carry out the institutes strategy of increasing mobilization and creating partnerships. The IICA, consisting of 34 member states, has successfully implemented the hemispheric program of Agricultural Health, Safety, and Agrifood Quality which can be expanded to aid with technological agricultural advancement within Latin American countries. Following SDG two, The Republic of Chile urges Latin America to establish a system of cooperation and trade to decrease the number of hungry individuals significantly by 2030. | |
| Country: | Chile |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Making up 75% of the global population, middle-income countries are a common, yet
often
overlooked, population. Middle-income countries were disproportionally disrupted due to
the COVID-19 pandemic. These states are also most affected by natural disasters and
global
climate change. Since many UN programs are designed to aid low-income countries,
middle-
income nations are often left trapped in economic distress and lack of development.
Ranking 21st out of 184 countries on the economic freedom scale, Chiles economic
position
is globally high. Due to having policies of free trade and being the largest global copper
producer, The Republic of Chile has the 5th largest GDP in Latin America. The Republic of
Chile will take advantage of its large domestic market to expand economic cooperation
with
other middle-income countries by liberalizing trade and eliminating tariff and non-tariff
barriers.
The Republic of Chile is committed to using its leading agricultural and trade status to aid surrounding countries with their economic needs. The Republic of Chiles government recognizes that several countries have been struggling with high inflation, the increasing costs for natural gas production, and the influence of natural disasters. Based on the Republics success with utilizing solar radiation as a source of energy, the Republic of Chile is eager to work with the middle-income countries of Latin America to aid in lowering their energy costs through the establishment of natural energy sources. The Republic of Chile calls on Latin America to come together to fight to improve the stagnant economic condition of middle-income economies. | |
| Country: | China |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| In 2022, between 691 and 783 million people faced hunger and over 3.1 billion people
globally could not afford a healthy diet. The 2023 Global Report on
Food Crises notes that war, particularly in 2022, had a profound impact on global food
security which affects the availability of critical agricultural inputs and other food
commodities.
China is committed to achieving UN Sustainable Development Goals #2 and ending global hunger and food insecurity. In 1978, China began a series of reforms that transitioned agriculture away from central planning and into a dynamic market environment. Through the Chinese Household Responsibility System, the government ended mandated collective farming and households could use the land how they see fit. We have also opened trade and became a member of the World Trade Organization in 2001 which fueled agricultural growth and prosperity. Chinese agriculture reached high levels of performance partly due to vast irrigation infrastructure and advanced fertilizer inputs. In order to reach global food security, China looks favorably upon Member States reducing their barriers to trade to fuel their agricultural sector infrastructure and allowing international investment in this infrastructure such as China's Belt and Road Initiative to increase production. We would also look to a resolution that promotes independent agricultural markets and household agricultural autonomy. | |
| Country: | China |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Around 3.5 billion people live below the poverty line, with 700 million people living in
extreme poverty. Most of these individuals living in extreme poverty are in the global south.
With a concerted global effort, it is possible to level the global playing field and bring large
swaths of the world population out of poverty. The key to this goal is through the
development of infrastructure.
The People's Republic of China is committed to leveraging its vast financial, technological, and human resources to aid Middle-Income countries. For over a decade, the People's Republic of China has been the preeminent force of infrastructure development, particularly in the global south. This is embodied in the Belt and Road initiative. Since 2013, the People's Republic of China has supported infrastructure projects mutually benefiting China and its 147 current or prospective partner nations. The People's Republic of China seeks partner nations to join the generous and effective Belt and Road Initiative to aid Middle Income countries that are looking to cooperate with us in building not only literal bridges, but figurative ones as well. | |
| Country: | Colombia |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Since 2020 the malnutrition and lack of food security has increased across the world as a result of increasing natural disaster and armed conflict. This has resulted in the large-scale erasure of the progress made in the past decade. Further complicating matters is that a significant part of the global agricultural workforce and land has been co-opted by the drug trade. Colombia itself has struggled with potentially productive farmland being illegally used to grow coca for the drug trade instead of producing food. Globally, poppy and Coca cultivation outcompete food production, increasing both global and local food scarcity, while also driving conflict that worsens that food scarcity. Another complication is the legitimate pharmaceutical, cultural and religious uses for the plants. Colombia is committed to reducing the global drug trade, but rejects the violent enforcement methods that continue to be used despite having been proven ineffective. Therefore, we would like to propose an economic, rather than military solution. The first part of our proposal involves a change in drug policy globally toward state-moderated production of coca and poppy for legitimate uses. The added tax revenue from this legal cultivation and trade could be spent on projects to promote the cultivation of food instead of coca and poppy, or to other social services. An additional Government or even direct UN involvement would also help protect farmers from retribution by drug cartels. Secondly, an agreement to lower or remove tariffs on the alternative crops by the world's largest food importers would also help. A more unconventional solution would be legalizing domestic production as a regulated, safer alternative for drug users. This would go a long way to lowering the demand for smuggled narcotics, thus making it less profitable for farmers and weakening the power of the criminal organizations behind the illegal cultivation. The resulting rise in food production would help combat food scarcity on both a local and global level, while also treating another cause of food scarcity by combatting a driver of armed conflict. | |
| Country: | Colombia |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Colombia has experience with the middle-income trap, and we believe that a major factor in the difficulties faced by middle-income countries is the difficulty of developing high-tech, innovative industries. High-income countries outcompete middle-income startups, and the importance of these technologies in simply remaining competitive as a middle-income country combined with the time it takes for the industries to mature preclude the import substitution policies that would be necessary to foster such industries. A further complication is that middle income countries often find that the individuals with the skills needed to create these industries are more inclined to move to high-income countries instead. With this in mind we propose the following; encouraging corporations in high- income countries to invest in new branches in middle-income countries, along with a global commitment to encourage remote work so that well-educated, talented individuals can find gainful employment while remaining in their home country, allowing middle income countries to grow their middle class and retain their talent, while also hardening the global economy against another pandemic. A global shift toward remote work would dramatically reduce the economic impact of another pandemic, make efforts to contain spread easier, and provide a solution to the global housing crisis by making it easier for people to live further away from work. To accomplish this we also propose a global resolution on the agreed standards and law regarding international remote work to ensure a smooth transition. | |
| Country: | Costa Rica |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Food security is a major issue around the globe. According to The World Health Organization
733 million people experienced malnutrition in 2023. As the number of people experiencing
malnutrition continues to rise it is more important than ever to tackle this issue. Malnutrition is
significant because it has a lasting impact on its victims even if they escape it. It harms all
aspects of its victims and often leads to a cycle of food insecurity harming future generations.
Despite the issue growing, The World Food Program has experienced a significant drop in
funding in the past few years. Though food insecurity is not a major issue in the Republic of
Costa Rica, we believe that more nations around the world need to take action against
malnutrition.
Less than 3% of the Republic of Costa Rica faces food insecurity and this is largely due to the steps we have taken to improve our infrastructure. As a tropical country there are limitations to what we can produce locally. To combat this, we sell the surplus of locally grown tropical fruits and use the proceeds to import food we cannot produce. We also take strides to reduce the amount of food wasted with the Costa Rica Food Loss and Waste Reduction Network. The FLW reduction network improves food security by informing our citizens about the topic and constantly innovating in their approach. Even though we have implemented these systems, we are troubled by trends we are seeing in the environment. If these trends continue it could pose a major threat to food security globally and undo all the steps we have taken to address food security. Currently climate change is not a major issue for our people but we must look ahead to the future and consider the impact our indifference might have on the next generation. | |
| Country: | Costa Rica |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The World Bank group defines middle-income countries as those with a per capita income
of
$1,136 to $13,8451. Costa Rica's exceptional economic growth over the past decade has
propelled it towards a current average income of $16,517 a year, meaning that it is now
defined as an upper-middle-income country. This economic growth has been fueled by
generous loans from the World Bank totaling several hundred million dollars annually.
Progress up to this point has been exceptional, but Costa Rica requires continued long-term
assistance to fully lock in these economic and standard of living gains.
However, Costa Rica is committed to being not only a benefactor but also a significant and active contributor to the United Nation's efforts to assist in the economic development of middle-income countries. One example of this is Costa Rica's agreement to host the High-Level Conference of Middle Income Countries in 2013. This conference, which was co-organized by the UN Industrial Development Organization, was attended by representatives from over 70 middle- income countries. A direct result of this conference was the San Jose Declaration. This declaration represents an agreement between the Member States to promote free trade, embrace sustainability, and alleviate poverty, all with the goal of creating economically positive futures for Members. Costa Rica is committed to leading the way forward toward an economically better future through sharing its knowledge and fostering initiatives that help other middle-income nations in the region to achieve similar results. | |
| Country: | Cuba |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| On a global scale, food security and nutrition are worsening, driven by factors such as
climate change, conflict, and economic instability. Rising food prices and disruptions in
supply chains have left millions of people vulnerable to hunger and malnutrition. The
impact of these challenges is particularly severe in developing countries that have limited
resources to adapt to and combat these issues. Cuba is one of these nations- and has
faced persistent food insecurity and shortages due to its heavy reliance on food imports
and the ongoing U.S. embargo, which are only compounded by environmental factors and
the severe economic crisis.
Regarding Cuba's current agricultural and food security standing in comparison to other countries, Cuba ranks 72nd overall, out of 189 countries in the Human Development Index. This in and of itself isn't terrible, however, 31.6% of children aged 2 suffer from anemia, and in a 2023 Cuban Observatory for Human Rights (OCDH) report reveals that 78% of Cubans have stopped eating some meals, indicating undeniable hunger in Cuba. With nine in 10 Cubans barely earning enough to survive, and 62% struggling to buy essential goods. Furthermore, between 70 and 80% of Cuba's food is imported, which proves to be a huge problem for the country, due to the strain it causes the national budget with an already struggling economy. Compared to other Caribbean countries, Cuba is indeed one of the most successful in achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), eight goals set by the United Nations with the intention of increasing living standards/quality of life for individuals everywhere. The Cuban government has a monthly food basket for the entire population, school feeding programs, and mother-and-child health care programs. The program hinges on ration books, which have continued to be reduced as the country faces food shortages and supply issues. Moreover, there is low food diversity in Cuba, and few vegetables, so the average Cuban diet is poor in micronutrients. This is also one of the reasons anemia is so prevalent in the five eastern provinces, especially among young children, who need these nutrients and vitamins at such a critical stage in their lives. The government and the World Food Program are attempting to prioritize higher domestic food production in Cuba, specifically that of beans, which provide a critical protein source. A large portion of this endeavor has been converting state farms into cooperatives. Furthermore, farming technology in Cuba is practically obsolete, with incredibly outdated infrastructure and a lack of access to more modern farming technologies, which makes for low overall productivity and high post-harvest losses. Finally, from an environmental standpoint, Cuba is highly prone to tropical storms, hurricanes, heavy rainfalls, drought, and occasional earthquakes. Over the last eight years, climate hazards have caused more than USD 20 billion in losses, damaging the economy in general and food security in particular. Currently, Cuba is being slammed with water and food shortages due to the crumbling infrastructure, as well as the economic crisis that has only worsened due to COVID-19 and the United States embargo against Cuba. Upwards of 600,000 Cuban citizens are currently suffering from water supply issues, and Cuba just requested the help of the UN for the first time historically as food shortages and deprivation increase further. Cuba today faces serious challenges with food and water scarcity, and without significant changes to its economy and government, these issues are only expected to worsen. As global pressures like climate change and economic instability intensify, Cuba's situation reflects broader global struggles in achieving food security and quality of life standards. Addressing these crises will require both national reforms and international cooperation to find sustainable solutions that will benefit all, and get nutritional food back into the stomachs of children and adults everywhere. | |
| Country: | Cuba |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Development cooperation with middle-income countries is crucial for Cuba as it fosters
economic partnerships and trade opportunities, helping to diversify its economy and
reduce dependency on a few markets. Additionally, such cooperation strengthens
diplomatic relations, enabling Cuba to collaborate on shared challenges like healthcare,
education, and sustainable development. The Republic of Cuba has long been a
proponent of development cooperation, particularly with middle-income countries.
Despite facing an economic blockade imposed by the United States, Cuba has continued
to emphasize the importance of international solidarity, mutual aid, and South-South
cooperation as key mechanisms for development. Historically, Cuba has played a
significant role in supporting other developing nations through its various humanitarian
efforts, most notably in healthcare and education. Since the 1960s, Cuba has deployed
thousands of healthcare professionals to middle-income countries in Africa, Latin
America, and Asia. In 2014, Cuba was instrumental in combating the Ebola outbreak in
West Africa by sending medical teams, demonstrating its commitment to international
cooperation in times of crisis. The Henry Reeve International Medical Brigade, formed in
2005, has been a vital tool for such international missions, reinforcing the country's
leadership in humanitarian assistance and global health. Cuba's education programs also
underscore its commitment to cooperation in development. The Yo, SÃ Puedo (Yes, I Can)
literacy campaign has been implemented in numerous middle-income countries, including
Venezuela and Bolivia, significantly reducing illiteracy rates. This program highlights
Cuba's focus on building long-term capacity in partner nations, aligning with the principles
of sustainable development. Currently, Cuba's partnership with Venezuela, despite the
economic hardships both countries face, showcases its willingness to engage in resource-
sharing and technical assistance. Both nations collaborate on energy, education, and
healthcare initiatives, reinforcing regional stability and development. This cooperation,
though strained by external political pressures, remains an example of how countries in
similar economic conditions can leverage their strengths for mutual benefit.
Cuba firmly believes that middle-income countries face unique challenges, including high inequality, vulnerability to external shocks, and limitations in accessing international financing. These countries must be supported through enhanced access to technology, financial resources, and international markets. Cuba calls for stronger multilateral partnerships, as outlined in the Addis Ababa Action Agenda, which focuses on financing for development, and stresses the need for reforms in global financial institutions to accommodate middle-income countries better. In conclusion, Cuba remains dedicated to fostering solidarity and cooperation with middle-income countries, advocating for equitable growth and development in the international arena. The country urges the United Nations to support frameworks that strengthen South-South cooperation, ensuring that middle-income nations are not left behind in global development efforts. | |
| Country: | Czechia |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| As the ecosystem changes rapidly, so does the world's agricultural economy, thus access to nutritious and sustainable food is essential. Not only does sustainable food stabilize the present global economy, environmentally conscious agriculture ensures a life for future generations. After experiencing food insecurity following the Second World War, Czechia has prioritized efforts to establish food security, and is the fifth ranked European country out of 113 for food quantity and safety. While Czechia acknowledges that conflict unfortunately continues to deprive many countries of a stable food supply, Czechia is particularly concerned with how climate change threatens agriculture. In 2023, Czechia developed the CAP Strategic Plan (CSP), a comprehensive national plan that creates rural jobs through local action groups, government incentives for sustainable farming, allocations for land preservation, and shared research. Additionally, as part of the EU's sustainability program, Czechia subsidizes smaller farmers who comply with sustainable guidelines and recommendations. The UN is devoted to combating degradation of the environment while striving towards eliminating world hunger. Such initiatives have included the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, Addis Ababa Action Agenda, or more recently, the Summit of the Future from 2024. During the summit, global leaders strategized how to continue financing SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals), which subsidizes developing nations to bolster their sustainable agricultural practices. According to the 2024 SDG report, funding has still fallen short of what is required to meet the SDGs. Although the plan has been implemented, further investment is required. Czechia advocates for continuing funding for SDGs and fulfilling the goals of the Addis Ababa Action Agenda, but adding some avenues to promote sustainable agriculture. Diverting existing funding to embrace AI investigation into precision farming, predictive analytics, and automated machinery as outlined in the EU's 2024 AI Act ensures equitable usage of biotech and artificial intelligence for all countries. Such technology can also be used to facilitate food sharing and reduce food waste. Overall, the world's agricultural economy is multifaceted, and subsidies and innovation across producer and consumer groups will benefit all for generations to come. | |
| Country: | Czechia |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| While middle-income countries are characterized by a gross national income from $1,136 to $13,845 per capita, the middle-income trap refers to a country's failure to transition into a higher-income country. By 2023, Czechia's economic reliance on higher income countries during the COVD-19 pandemic and regional war left the nation at risk of falling into a middle- income trap. Maintaining continual economic development is one solution. This necessitates steady investments, greener industry, and specialized education. The United Nations Development Assistance Committee continues to grant funding to middle-income nations even once they have achieved high-income status for three years. This method of investment satisfies middle- income countries need for steady investment to diversify start-ups and stabilize industries by transitioning from a grant to loan system. In 2024, Czechia updated its Industry 4.0 plan from 2016 into its Restart Czechia Program to avoid the middle-income trap. The Czechia also established governmental funding programs for start-ups, but specifically prioritized meeting high-income country needs from transportation to energy. Specifically, prioritizing nuclear power and electric car batteries exemplify addressing the need for a greener industry. Thus, Czechia proposes that ECOFIN consider enhancing the Development in Transition approach implemented by the OECD to require middle-income countries to have economic plans updated every 10 years with new priorities based on high-income country needs and green industry goals. Additionally, Czechia encourages that Development Assistance Committee issue- specific grants be diverted away from humanitarian aid and put toward specialized education programs. | |
| Country: | Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Agriculture plays a critical role in ensuring global economic stability and sustainable development, particularly for regions reliant on rural economies. Despite efforts to reduce hunger, food insecurity remains a challenge, driven by conflict, economic shocks, climate change, and disruptions in agrifood systems. Rising costs have placed nutritious food out of reach for billions of people, further exacerbating malnutrition rates. Smallholder farmers, who produce most of the food in many regions, remain vulnerable due to limited access to markets, infrastructure, and financial services. The international community has made efforts to address these issues. The World Food Summit and the Universal Declaration on the Eradication of Hunger and Malnutrition established goals. Additionally, organizations such as FAO, IFAD, and WFP provide technical assistance and support food security and agriculture. However, progress is uneven, and renewed global cooperation is essential to meet SDG 2 (Zero Hunger) by 2030. Climate change is a threat to agriculture, with extreme weather events disrupting harvests and threatening food supplies. To address these challenges, countries must adopt climate-smart agricultural practices that build resilience and sustainability in food systems. Investment in infrastructure such as storage facilities, irrigation systems, and transportation networks is also critical to reducing post-harvest losses and enhancing market access. Promoting regional partnerships and public-private collaboration will facilitate knowledge exchange and improve agricultural outcomes. Targeted programs to empower smallholder farmers and rural women are necessary to ensure equitable access to resources, particularly in developing regions. Strengthening food distribution networks will improve the availability and affordability of nutritious foods, reducing malnutrition rates and building long-term resilience. Achieving food security and sustainable agriculture requires coordinated global action. The international community must increase financial support, adopt inclusive policies, and ensure that no region is left behind in the effort to end hunger and malnutrition for future generations. | |
| Country: | Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Middle-income countries (MICs) play a role in global economic stability, contributing a significant share to global GDP and having a large proportion of the world's poor. These countries often experience rapid economic growth but remain vulnerable to debt burdens, economic shocks, and environmental challenges. Although development cooperation frameworks have prioritized low-income countries, it is essential to ensure that MICs receive support for sustainable development and avoid the middle-income trap. The UN has emphasized the importance of support through various frameworks, including the Buenos Aires Plan of Action (1978) and the Rabat Declaration (2024). These frameworks encourage South-South cooperation, helping countries share knowledge and technical expertise. The Development in Transition (DiT) approach underscores the importance of continuous support for countries as they move through different stages of development, ensuring that growth is sustainable and inclusive. Debt relief and access to sustainable financing are critical for maintaining economic progress. Initiatives such as the SDG Stimulus Framework aim to unlock long-term investments in infrastructure, education, and health, addressing both immediate recovery needs and long- term goals. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed economic vulnerabilities, highlighting the need for global partnerships and contingency financing to strengthen resilience against future shocks. Additionally, it must enhance economic diversification to reduce dependence on a limited range of industries, such as extractive resources, which are vulnerable to price fluctuations. Promoting regional trade and private sector development can unlock new growth opportunities. Collaboration with international financial institutions and UN bodies is crucial to ensuring that MICs have the tools to achieve the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The international community must remain committed to supporting through tailored assistance, debt restructuring programs, and investments in sustainable infrastructure, ensuring that no country is left behind in the pursuit of shared prosperity. | |
| Country: | Denmark |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| According to the 4th global SFSP conference the present global food system is incongruent and environmentally disastrous. Conference leaders called for global food architecture to be developed under one coherent and holistic prospective, this is crucial to avoid unintended consequences that can be caused by fragmented approaches to global food infrastructure. When considering what a lens for developing global food infrastructure should look like, there are two factors which must be considered: sustainability and availability. Beginning with sustainability according to the United Nations Environment Programme, industrial farms makeup 65% of agricultural land and is incredibly damaging to the environment. The intense usage of nitrogen based fertilizer often leak into water supplies creating dead zones for ocean life and releases pollutants into the air. Industrial agriculture is a threat to 86% of endangered species. Future global food infrastructure should categorically reject industrial farming, and instead embrace sustainable food practices. Those food practices should have a flexible framework to allow for the differences in individual nations but should generally rotate crops, avoid large scale pesticide and fertilizer use, and privilege numerous small scale farms over singular massive farms. Next, the 2023 edition of the State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World report, between 691 and 783 million people faced hunger in 2022. According to an article published in the National Institutes of Health's Sustainable Transformation Agenda for Enhanced Global Food and Nutrition Security (2023), many underutilized crops can be integrated into global sustainable agriculture in order to meet nutritional needs. Crops such as Amaranth, Quinoa, bambara groundnut, african breadfruit, mung bean, and pumpkins are extremely nutritious and resistant to climate change. A paper written in collaboration between FAO, UNICEF, WFP and WHO found that in urban environments, economic policies called food smart cities emphasize local food production, food supply chain enhancements, marketing by promoting food trading, value-adding of locally produced foods, and repurposing available spaces through partnerships with local CSOs, government and NGOs. In conclusion, all future global food architecture should be developed under a lens that rejects industrial farming, embraces small farms which rotate crops and avoid damaging chemicals, integrates underutilized highly nutritious and resilient crops, and embraces food smart cities. | |
| Country: | Denmark |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Denmark's stance on cooperation with middle-income countries has never been more of a priority. As the effects of climate change are becoming more disastrous across the world and middle-income countries continue to be the largest contributors of carbon emissions, a green transition and redevelopment of middle-income countries' economies is necessary for successfully and effectively combating climate change at a global scale. Denmark recognizes past and current injustices pushed on certain middle-income countries and is committed to providing remedy. However, the development of many high-income countries' economies was not done sustainably. A new path is needed, a path that prioritizes environmentally sustainable development and that removes injustices pushed on middle-income countries. Denmark remains committed to pursuing mutual cooperation with all nations in this transition. Denmark urges immediate action by all nations to pay their fair share and create a path to sustainable development in order to create a green future for all nations of our world. | |
| Country: | Djibouti |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The delegation from the Republic of Djibouti suggests that in order to better improve global food security, Member States should vote to use World Food Programme and other food assistance organizations to send food to states in need of nutritional assistance. Apart from supporting financially, Member States need to continue to use resources to combat the persisting challenge of climate change. Climate change has been and still is a major detriment on global food production and retention. This issue needs to be met head on in order to ensure economic stability for the foreseeable future. In order to help small scale farmers, the best way to help would be to solve climate change and enhance global peace and security. | |
| Country: | Djibouti |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Middle income nations are also some of the most important for international cooperation. Djibouti is one of these middle income states and is vital to international trade. To increase cooperation amongst the middle income states, Member States should aim to increase the amount of trade they have with middle income countries. Doing this will help the middle income nations develop faster and create long lasting economic bonds across the world. The Republic of Djibouti thinks that this would also result in better international relations and reliance amongst Member States with one another, in turn fostering peace, agricultural development, and financial development across the world. Middle income nations face different challenges based on geography, climate, and conflict. These differences make each scenario that a middle income nation faces different from one another. With that in mind, the previously mentioned ideas, would be great steps forward to increase the development of nations. | |
| Country: | Ecuador |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The Republic of Ecuador is tasked with decreasing poverty by securing a future in agriculture,
food security, and nutrition. This is a continuing challenge because of climate change,
economic downturns, and political instability that The Republic of Ecuador and South America
are faced with. The Republic of Ecuador aims to?set a precedent in South America for
decreasing poverty by increasing food security and nutrition through key initiatives such as the
Emergency Preparedness and Response Program and the Binational Climate Change
Adaptation Project with Columbia. This cements a desire to increase international cooperation
in South America and strengthen its previous agreements.
The Republic of Ecuador is committed to strengthening its?agricultural infrastructure by investing in modern technology and sustainable farming practices. To improve food security and nutrition The Republic of Ecuador aims to support small farmers with financial and technical assistance. This is critical to increasing productivity and income. The Republic of Ecuador aims its efforts to build food security for all its citizens and increase international partnerships to decrease poverty because of existing challenges in agriculture, food security, and nutrition. | |
| Country: | Ecuador |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The Republic of Ecuador strongly believes that development cooperation
with middle income
countries is a key topic of this assembly that must be addressed and
discussed. Middle income
countries account for over 70% of the words population and will develop to
become the worldâs
emerging markets of the future. This, however, is hindered by the alarming
fact that middle
income countries are home to over 60% of the worldâs poor. Rising
borrowing costs, inflation,
and the long-term effect of the Covid pandemic are all issues that have
affected all member
countries. However, these issues have put unprecedented pressure on
states with developing
economies.
On February 6th, 2024, The United Nations Deputy Secretary General spoke on the topic of middle-income countries. He called for providing more funds to the Sustainable Development Goals, changing in how financial institutions are governed on a global scale, and finally creating ways of measuring progress of the Sustainable Development Goals. By bolstering the world bank and specifically the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. The world can continue to move toward the 8th sustainable development goal of decent work and economic growth. The IBRD has worked with middle income countries in the past and continues to work to address the issues of the present and the future. | |
| Country: | Ethiopia |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| I. Advancing Food Security Through Climate-Smart Agriculture
The tragedy of hunger is one Ethiopia knows well, and across our world of
plenty, billions go
to bed hungry or face systemic food insecurity. With surging populations and
rising rates of
obesity and related diseases, access to nutritious and varied food sources is
as important as
ever. In Ethiopia, over 60% of the population is employed in agriculture, and
as such we are
quite familiar with the challenges associated with food security and
production. Climate
change, military conflict, and economic instability all pose steep threats,
though not
insurmountable ones.
While these all remain problems, the international community has done much to make progress on the various issues. Ethiopia applauds the UN Food and Agriculture Organizations initiatives and the World Food Programmeâs efforts to deliver food aid to struggling states and the support of sustainable and actionable farming practices. On the local level, the Climate-Resilient Green Economy Strategy and Agricultural Transformation Agenda are efforts by Ethiopia to transform our food systems and economy into ones that are both developed, green, and efficient. We believe our focus on improved market access, climate-resistant farming practices, eliminated bottlenecks and export growth can help enhance local, regional, and international food security and production. Moving forward, the delegation of Ethiopia believes much more can be done to combat food insecurity, development, and nutrition. The delegation believes that our focus on climate- smart agriculture and sustainable energy can be implemented internationally. Funding for climate-resilient agriculture, more sophisticated farming and irrigation techniques, and technology sharing can help promote sustainable and durable food systems for all, regardless of development level. On the human level, Ethiopia believes collaboration between states to better integrate women, minorities, and other marginalized groups into agricultural economies will also aid in both economic and social development. The delegation of Ethiopia believes these strides, combined with previous progress, will ensure progress is made towards a better-fed, more developed world. | |
| Country: | Ethiopia |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| II. Building Resilience for Sustainable Development
Even as a least developed country (LDC), Ethiopia still recognizes the significance that
middle-income countries (MICs) and their development have for the development of an open
and successful global economy. With the vast majority of the global population living in these
states, their development and economic success are vital, yet issues remain. Stagnation,
economic inequality, and natural disasters pose a host of challenges. However, if these
problems can be overcome, a bright global future lies ahead.
Recognition of these challenges certainly is not new, and Ethiopia applauds the international community for the progress it has made so far. The SDGs and the Buenos Aires Plan of Action both represent visionary steps taken by the international community to outline goals and strategies for MIC development. The Rabat Declaration on MICs more recently has set forth a bold new vision for MIC states to cooperate, engage in technology sharing, and build capacity. Despite much new progress, more can still be done. Ethiopia is a state that has dealt quite extensively with both natural disasters and man-made wars. Because of this, the delegation of Ethiopia believes resilience is key to sustainable MIC development. As such, Ethiopia proposes the committee examine the construction of a resilience-based development model aimed at fortifying agricultural, banking, shipping, and other industries from potential shocks. Development is only worthwhile when it is sustainable and ensuring that states like Ethiopia can engage in planned and careful development is therefore a top priority for the delegation. Another priority for Ethiopia is to foster further ties between the developed and developing world, as well as among Global South states. This recognizes the shared challenges globally and regionally and would encourage greater specialization and efficiency in engagements between Member States. ? | |
| Country: | Finland |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The issue of food insecurity is a problem affecting billions of people globally, particularly in
developing nations. In Finland, where less than 8% of the land is arable, the importance of
international cooperation to maintain food security is evident. Regions that are especially
vulnerable to food insecurity need to be prioritized in building sustainable and resilient food
systems. Building sustainable food systems is beneficial for all people, and a core part of the
established sustainable development goals.
Economic collaboration and partnership is imperative to the goal of achieving sufficient amounts of nutritious food on a global scale. International cooperation is needed not just for opening access to the trade of food, but also for tackling the contributing factors of conflict, climate change, and biodiversity loss. The only way a comprehensive solution could be made is through global efforts encouraging sustainable agricultural practices, and equitable access to necessary resources. Through the development of collaborative partnerships and fair trade practices, an inclusive and sustainable food system that benefits all nations can be created. Finland continues to support the innovative approach to food security of the One Health model, where the issues of nutrition, agriculture, environment, and health policies are integrated and addressed to create sustainable food systems in the nations that need it most, and improve global food security. By promoting the efficient use of natural resources and minimization of waste in the food supply chain, we can achieve long-term food security. The issues of agriculture, food security and nutrition need to be addressed to achieve sustainable development, and improve the global economy. | |
| Country: | Finland |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| As a country with a strong commitment to sustainable development and multilateral
cooperation, Finland recognizes the critical role that middle-income countries play in
global development. These nations, which account for over 70% of the world's population
and 30% of global GDP, are essential to achieving the United Nations' sustainable
development goals. While middle-income countries have made significant strides in
reducing poverty, many continue to face challenges such as inequality and environmental
degradation. Finland believes that targeted development cooperation with middle-income
countries will enhance their ability to achieve sustainable development.
Oftentimes, income disparities in middle-income countries result in social tensions and
limit opportunities for marginalized communities. This leads to rising inequality. In a
different sector, many middle-income countries face environmental challenges, including
vulnerability to climate change and resource depletion. All of which can hinder long-term
development. Finally, several middle-income countries are burdened by high levels of
debt, limiting their ability to invest in development projects.
Finland prioritizes gender equality (empowerment of women and girls), education, climate
resilience, and sustainable economic growth. In line with these priorities, Finland's
cooperation with middle-income countries seeks to support equitable economic growth
and social welfare while addressing the specific challenges these countries face. One
example of long-term development cooperation is Finland's cooperation with Nepal,
which began in the 1980's. After the 1980s, Nepal has since gone through a civil war and
natural disasters. Still, there is now less poverty and higher literacy than before in part
due to cooperation. Furthermore, everyone has access to clean drinking water. As a
country Nepal has shown a strong commitment to the objectives of the cooperation.
Essentially, Nepal is proof that development cooperation with middle-income countries
works.
When looking at the Development Policy Report that was first submitted to the Finnish
Parliament in 2018, it can be seen that positive outcomes can be achieved through long-
term cooperation. The findings from this report were quite promising. For example, an
increasing number of girls complete basic education in Finland's partner countries.
Additionally, improved weather and climate services help up to 500 million people adapt
to climate change. When there is better forecasting of weather and natural disasters, it
helps safeguard crops and literally saves lives. Even the humanitarian assistance by UN
agencies reached more than 100 million people in 2021. The numbers simply don't lie.
Since this development policy, 92 million young people are in cooperation with the
International Planned Parenthood Federation which improves the opportunities of
women and girls to make decisions about their own bodies/future. The economy as a
whole has improved as well; 2.4 million jobs were created with Finnish support. With
lower employment, the economy will naturally improve. Decent jobs secure livelihoods
and enable people to live sustainable lives. At the same time, they create sustainable
economic development and stable societies. Ultimately, this report reveals that with
development cooperation, Finland has improved the capacity and resilience of people and
societies in developing countries. Finland has two initial solutions to foster economic
growth and address climate change within middle-income countries. Starting in the
economic sector, Finland strongly advocates for partnerships between the private sector
and development agencies to create sustainable job opportunities within middle income
countries. As a country, Finland is very green. Thus, we are committed to supporting
middle-income countries in their transition toward green economies. Through the sharing
of Finnish expertise in clean energy, water management, and sustainable forestry, we aim
to assist middle-income countries in mitigating the effects of climate change and building
resilience.
Finland's final two propositions include tackling human rights inequalities and debt
sustainability. As a global advocate for human rights and equality, Finland supports
initiatives that promote social inclusion and equitable access to services. We emphasize
the importance of gender-responsive policies and programs that empower women and
marginalized communities. As far as debt sustainability goes, Finland is a strong supporter
of initiatives aimed at improving debt sustainability in Middle-income countries. We would
like to see international cooperation on debt relief and restructuring programs. If this
were put in place, it would ensure that middle-income countries can continue to invest in
development while managing their debt obligations responsibly.
Finland has long been a proponent of free and fair trade, and continues to hold that
position to encourage development cooperation with middle-income countries. To
achieve the sustainable development goals, it is key that international cooperation takes
place to assist middle income countries in developing their economies. To best assist
middle income countries in becoming economically diverse, and sustainable,
development cooperation must be versatile and constantly adapting.
| |
| Country: | France |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Access to nutritional food is a fundamental right granted by the United Nations charter, however the 2023 State of Food and Nutrition Security in the World (SOFI) shows that 9.2 percent of the world population faced chronic hunger in 2022. Member States in many parts of the world have also decreased their spending on agricultural development relative to gross domestic product (GDP) according to the 2024 High Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development. In addition, environmental disasters and conflicts have created food crises for millions of people. France was affected by the war in Ukraine and saw how a conflict of that scale can have dramatic impacts on the food supply chain and how it can affect citizens. The French Republic is committed to its own agricultural development and sees how important a robust and sustainable agricultural system is for itself and other Member States. France is a leading contributor to the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), recently replenishing the fund by 150 million USD in 2023 and total contributions to food aid nearly surpassing one billion euros. France is also a leader in the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the Committee for World Food Security.
To eliminate hunger, France calls for the establishment of a stronger global governance system for agriculture to ensure that enough food is being produced, that it is nutritious, and that agricultural workers receive adequate compensation. France also urges its fellow Member States to provide aid for those populations most affected by food insecurity, particularly women, those affected by conflicts, and Africa. | |
| Country: | France |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Since its creation in 2015, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
have existed as a way for the United Nations (UN), its member states, and
the international community to work towards a positive transformation of the
world. While the UN often aims directives at lower-income countries, it is
also crucial for member states to aid in the development of middle-income
nations that have a significant effect on global development. The 2019
Report on Development cooperation with middle-income countries by the
Secretary General stated that Middle-income countries, represent, as a
group, about one third of global gross domestic product and are major
engines of global growth. Without aiding middle-income countries and
establishing cooperation with those nations, Franceâs goals towards
combating climate change and education inequality would be severely
hindered. Economic and technological development in middle-income
countries also aids the growth of global gross domestic product (GDP)
which increases access to social services, another mission France has
sought progress towards.
In large parts, the French Republic has committed independent and wide- reaching funding to middle-income countries in recognition of the importance those nations have on global development. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), shared that, France allocated the highest share of gross bilateral ODA (30.5%) to lower middle- income countries in 2022. Additionally, France was one of the first countries to report on the implementation of the SDGs and has prioritized education in its efforts by contributing more than one billion euros in 2021 to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the Global Partnership for Education (GPE), and other organizations. As an international body, it is the goal of the United Nations to assist all nations, and especially the middle-income countries which can have a considerable and valuable contribution towards the global economy, technological development, and specifically, the SDGs. By helping bridge the gap between middle-income countries and their struggles by utilizing a tailored approach of aid that clears bottlenecks, middle-income countries can in turn cooperate with the United Nations towards a more sustainable future. | |
| Country: | Georgia |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The war between Russia and Ukraine could limit Georgia's productive capacity. Russia is occupying the regions Abkhazia and South Ossetia, which both contain major agricultural plots. The infrastructure of the region is devastated, and the regions already poor population has lost its sense of food security. Given the already serious threat posed by climate change, this is a major blow to the economy and nutritional needs of Georgia. As a developing country, Georgia relies heavily on its agricultural production, and is not prepared for an occupation of this magnitude or a spike in the commodity prices of the region. With this in mind, we urge Russia to comply with the 2008 European Union- mediated ceasefire, and to halt its military campaign in Ukraine. Georgia is also concerned with the threat climate change poses on the human right to food, the increasing occurrence and severity of natural disasters worldwide and the ever increasing severity of these effects year by year. Keeping in mind these facts, we urge states that have not ratified the Paris Agreement to do so. In addition, we call upon states to develop comprehensive plans with policies in keeping with objectives outlined in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. We urge states to consider the lasting implications of climate change on not just the right to food, but also on the impacts that a lack of observance of this right will have on global populations. | |
| Country: | Georgia |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Georgia has seen an economic expansion within the last decade.
Nonetheless, we face many
issues such as the unemployment problem. The high unemployment and low
participation
rates mean that around 30 percent of the labor force is not actively
contributing to the
economy. Additionally, the current unemployment percentage is around 12-
13 percent, so
there are fewer and fewer job openings and opportunities, which in turn
affects Georgias
ability to grow and rebuild certain parts of the economy, which is why
Georgia adamantly
emphasizes the need for support.
Georgia knows that other similar middle-income countries face issues like poverty and unemployment and that these nations need support and aid. The United Nations Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework / (UNSCDF) contains strategies, goals, and priorities within the country of Georgia that guide our plan for development with our Sustainable Development Goals in mind. The Framework addresses topics such as fighting poverty, hunger, good education, equality, and economic growth and addressing and attempting to resolve Georgia's social, structural, and economic issues. As well as being involved with the UNSCDF, Georgia has taken many other steps towards further development in both the social and economic sectors. We hope to continue our efforts, and we implore other states to assist in the development of middle-income countries while keeping in mind sustainability for the future. | |
| Country: | Germany |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The Federal Republic of Germany recognizes that malnutrition is an epidemic in a number of member states and it is of the utmost importance that the cycle of food insecurity be halted. Society as a whole can progress further if this need is met. Education, economic development, health and other aspects can be improved if food insecurity is dealt with once and for all. Germany strongly supports investments into the ending of Food insecurity and nutrition scarcity resolutions. By signing resolutions such as The International fund for Agricultural Development. Dedicating 711 millions dollars (USD) in 2021 as a response to food insecurity created by COVID- 19. Germany also is signed onto the UN Sustainable Development Goals, in which goal 2 aims to have zero hunger. Germany believes that nutrition and food access is a basic human right. | |
| Country: | Germany |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The Federal Republic of Germany recognizes that middle-income countries face significant barriers when it comes to sustainable development. Allowing economically sound countries like Germany, to help reduce some of the financial burden on less economically developed countries by giving interest forgiveness on loans post Covid, where many of these middle income countries were unable to borrow due to closed markets and borders. Germany also supports middle income countries as they currently have the fourth largest quota share, contributing 5.59 percent of the total amount to the fund. In the UN Sustainable Development Goals, Goal 8 is focused on Promoting inclusive and sustainable economic growth, employment, and decent work for all, which Germany strongly adheres to this and other principles and goals of the SDGs. | |
| Country: | Ghana |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Food insecurity is one of the most threatening and debilitating issues faced in countries
around the world. The inability to provide oneself with both adequate food resources as well
as proper nutrition as a means of facing starvation and famine is a constant struggle faced by
nations of all demographics, and all regions, but is especially prominent within the Global
South. By eliminating malnutrition and food security through agricultural investment within
struggling nations, the UN will allow these nations to lift themselves out of the economic and
social inabilities these plagues enable.
Like many other nations within the Global South, Ghana is a victim of food insecurity and malnutrition with over 2 million citizens defined as food insecure 1 . Ghana's situation has worsened in recent years, with over 12.9 million people affected by a food crisis in 2022, creating a 47% increase from the previous year 2 . Despite this, Ghana has worked tirelessly domestically and abroad to help alleviate this blight within our population, working with organizations such as the World Food Program (WFP), World Vision Ghana, the UN, the Feed the Future Initiative, and multiple countries on an individual basis, such as the United States, for investment opportunities. While facing these challenges, Ghana has managed to make some progress through its efforts, targeting agriculture and poverty goals through actions such as restoring degraded agricultural lands, spreading credit access, and establishing new good processing facilities 3. Ghana stands firmly with the Sustainable Development Goal 2 outline and hopes to work diligently with its fellow member states to wipe out the disease of malnutrition and food insecurity that plagues our nations, communities, and families. | |
| Country: | Ghana |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The recent shift of the majority of countries into the middle income category has been one
that Ghana has observed with great happiness for its fellow nations. While remaining a lower
income country itself, Ghana is sympathetic to the issues faced in middle income countries
(MICs), it is important to note that although over 70% of the world's population resides in one
of these nations, many do not (1) . Ghana is one of those nations and people still struggle to
lift themselves out of poverty , and notes with great concern that we are not alone in this
struggle. Ghana is a wholehearted supporter in national development, and looks towards
utilizing the chance to work with middle and higher income countries as a means to help both
uplift and secure the nations of the world financially and developmentally based on each
nations unique needs and challenges.
Ghana readily recognizes the vulnerability of MICs to the threats of economic recessions, inequality, natural disaster and government corruption which can undo the work accomplished by those who have put their efforts to move their country in the right direction. However in doing so Ghana also wishes to remind the body that these issues are not only more prevalent in lower income countries, but also do more damage due to the limited resources available to these countries to respond. It is Ghana's belief that the most progressive and valuable use of the international community's efforts would be directed towards ensuring MICs are able to remain developmentally stable while simultaneously working towards raising the remaining countries below the middle income line up, so that all nations can enjoy a new degree of development, prosperity and stability. | |
| Country: | Greece |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The Hellenic Republic (Greece) remains concerned about food access globally, with over 500 million people globally struggling with food insecurity. Greece is party to the European Green Deal, which has a goal of creating a sustainable and efficient agricultural sector. Furthermore, Greece is committed to achieving the End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture aspect of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The Hellenic Republic recommends further funding the World Food Programme (WFP) and expanding the program's reach across the world. The WFP is proven to be effective and efficient, reaching over 120 countries and territories with 86 offices, which aids over 100 million people a year. While the number of people helped by this is staggering, Greece believes this number can be dramatically increased by putting forth more funds to the WFP. On the topic of agriculture, the Hellenic Republic believes in an implementation of the agricultural goals as part of the UNSDGs. Greece suggests greater cooperation between countries who have developed a sustainable, efficient, and effective agricultural sector, and those with an underdeveloped agricultural economy. The countries with a developed agricultural sector will provide the funds, knowledge, and other resources to assist those countries which aspire to grow the agricultural aspect of their economy. | |
| Country: | Greece |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The Hellenic Republic (Greece), being a founding member of the Organisation for Economic Co- operation and Development (OECD) and classified as a high-income country, welcomes development cooperation with middle income countries, as Greece was once a middle-income country itself. Middle-income countries are essential to the global economy, and Greece would like to see them prosper in the international system. The Hellenic Republic believes in implementing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, and would like to see these applied when cooperating with developing countries. Specifically, Greece would focus on zero hunger, partnerships for the goals, and industry, innovation, and infrastructure. Greece believes these three goals in particular, as well as the others, are imperative to develop middle-income countries and would like to see high-income countries cooperate with middle-income countries by using these goals as a model. Furthermore, the Hellenic Republic would like to see several programs gain more support with a goal of developing middle-income countries. One of the big recipients of this would be the World Food Programme, which will help countries become self-sufficient in their agricultural sector. Greece would also like to see more partnerships emerge within the platform of the United Nations, whether it is through the General Assembly or otherwise, it is necessary to develop the middle-income countries. Finally, Greece believes in further investing in middle- income countries infrastructure and industry, for the benefit of all parties involved. | |
| Country: | Guatemala |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| One of the biggest issues facing our contemporary world right now is the
insecurity of
food, especially in our country. Currently Guatemala is on the Nutrition
Strategic Support
Countries list supported by USAID. According to our USAID Nutrition Profile,
we have the
largest economy in Central America, but our poverty rates are increasing.
Furthermore,
weâre more vulnerable to natural disasters intensified by climate change. Dry
seasons
have become longer causing poor crop seasons. Out of 162, we rank 121 in
progress
towards meeting Sustainable Development Goals.
With the help from the United States government, we are getting aid from their Feed the Future program. On March 8th, 2018, Feed the Future released a document called Global Food Security Strategy (GFSS) Guatemala Country Plan. In this document, it outlines the key reasonings for food insecurity, malnutrition and poverty. These key reasonings come from complex underlying conditions that exist from the individual level all the way up to a system level. Under Feed the Future, we have had a lot of progression towards agriculture development. In the Fiscal Year of 2021, we added 36,800 new producers using new technologies and practices, 76 million dollars in agricultural sales generated by our farms, and 69,000 children under the age of five have gotten nutritional help. Feed the Future addressed the coffee rust problem, which between 2012 and 2013 took out huge coffee production. To solve this, farmers now have access to new rust-resistant coffee seedlings, are being trained with pesticide application, and are being taught about different crop management practices. In addition to all of this, Feed the Future is able to provide over seven million dollars for agricultural loans for small and medium enterprises. Moving forward, its important for the UN to continue promoting assistance from developed nations like the United States. Under these programs, weâve been able to progress further and get closer to achieving SDG 2 set out by the 17 Sustainable Development Goals. Since 2016 food insecurity has been increasing. According to the 2024 Global Report on Food Crises, the reasoning for the increase can be credited from the growing conflicts, extreme weather, and economic shocks. In order to achieve SDG 2 by 2030, we want to see the UN bring more programs to the global scale, like the The Sahel Integrated Resilience Program. This would help bring back progress that was lost from the previous decade. | |
| Country: | Guatemala |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| According to the World Bank, to be classified as a middle-income
country, the GNI has to fall
between $1,336 to $13,845. Guatemala has a GNI of $13,820, which puts us
on the higher
end on the spectrum. Despite having the largest economy in Central
America, we have
extremely high rates of poverty. In 2023, it was estimated that we would
have over 55% in
our population living in poverty.
The UN would declare the 1960s as the United Nations Development Decade.This encouraged Member States to help create opportunities for developing nations, all while promoting self-sustaining economic development. We receive a lot of aid from developed countries. The United States supports us through USAID. USAID provides us with programs and strategies to improve our citizens lives. According to USAID, Guatemala CDCS 2020- 2025 is a strategy aimed to help us become self-reliant by connecting Indigenous, women, and children to opportunities for them to thrive in our home state. USAID also runs Feed the Future, which provides us with resources to develop our agricultural land. We are also supported by the EU. Under their National Development Plan Katun 2032. For the period of 2021-2024, the EU gave us 141 million to fund three priority areas; those being: Green Transition, Sustainable and inclusive growth, Good Governance and Human Development. We have a unique situation, weâre the largest Central American economy, yet we also have some of the largest rates of maltreatment and poverty. With cooperation from developed nations, weâre able to thrive and prosper with help from their partnerships. It is extremely important for developed nations to cooperate with middle income countries in order to achieve the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. | |
| Country: | Guyana |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| According to the FAO, 2.33 billion people do not have access to food consistently, and about 864 million people live in a state of severe food insecurity. Developing nations in Sub- Saharan Africa, South Asia, parts of Latin America, and areas in the Middle East are fighting high food insecurity, restricted agricultural development, and low levels of international trade. Food insecurity and malnutrition can lead to chronic health issues and poor cognitive development. Inadequate and inefficient food infrastructure, processing, storage, and transportation lead to an increased overall waste of resources used to produce food. To address the issues related to food insecurity, nutrition, and agricultural development, the WHO and FAO held the International Conference on Nutrition in 2014. The Rome Declaration on Nutrition created a foundation for new food systems aimed at eliminating malnutrition around the globe. Guyana follows the National Food and Nuturition Security Strategy to increase domestic food production, improve food distribution systems, and ensure that the entire population has access nutritious food. Guyana reports its progress and difficulties in agriculture, food security, and climate change to the FAO and UNFCCC. Guyana also actively takes part in REDD+ and protects its forests to support sustainable agricultural agroforestry projects. To reduce land degradation and protect productive agricultural areas, Guyana is also a member of UNCCD, and a Lead Head in the CARICOM agreement working towards agricultural diversification and food security. The goal of CARICOM and by extension, Guyana, is to decrease their food import bill by 25% by 2025. To continue to address the issue of food insecurity and agricultural sustainability, first, Guyana desires to build partnerships between its government, international organizations, non-governmental organization, and the private sector to create a collaborative approach to the issues. Second, Guyana wishes to raise awareness globally about the benefits of sustainable agriculture and nutrition through technical training support programs for farmers. | |
| Country: | Guyana |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Globally, there are 108 Middle Income Countries (MICs), mostly located in Asia, South America, and Eastern Europe. According to the World Bank, 75% of the global population live in MICs and that accounts for 62% of the world's population in poverty. MICs struggle with access to nutritious food, clean water, education, political representation, equality and have a low GDP per Capita. Old forms of economic growth were fueled by cheap labor and technology and capital gain. This has left many countries stuck in the Middle Income Trap where they are unable to continue to grow because their economy lacks a foundation in innovation. Previously, to address the issue the UN wrote the Cairo Declaration of Developing Countries in the 1960s that promoted sustainable growth in MICs. In addition, the UN also wrote Millennium Goals to promote free trade and allow some debt forgiveness to decrease poverty. The COVID-19 Response and Recovery Fund helped MICs get new market opportunities and produce personal protective equipment. Guyana has been working towards its own Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and works to carry out the UN Caribbean Multi- Country Sustainable Development Framework: Economic Resilience and Shared Prosperity, Equity and Well-being, Resilience to Climate Change and Natural Resource Management, and Safety, Justice, and the Rule of Law. Guyana calls for the removal of trade restrictions and barriers. Promoting free trade encourages production and economic growth in MICs because there will be a market for exported goods. Guyana also emphasizes the importance of each country individually working towards their SDGs. | |
| Country: | Haiti |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The World Health Organization reports 2.33 billion people worldwide suffering from moderate to severe food insecurity in 2023. The United Nations has long understood the importance of improving agricultural development to end food insecurity, as supported by Article 25 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) (1948), which states the right to a standard of living that includes adequate food supply and by resolution 70/1, in which the General Assembly (GA) formally adopts the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The UN draws further links between food insecurity and unsustainable agriculture production and forced displacement and conflict in resolution 2417 (2018), which calls on Member States in armed conflict to prioritize sparing civilian objects necessary for food production and distribution. Also reinforced is the importance of agricultural technological innovation in resolution 78/144 which encourages the use of technology to develop energy-efficient agrifood systems. CARICOM, an intergovernmental organization of fifteen Member States in the Caribbean, prioritized the development of institutions to facilitate connections between food producers and suppliers and the establishment of a donor fund for Member States with the Regional Food and Nutrition Security Action Plan (2011). Haiti's Rural Code (1916) establishes agriculture as the primary source of income. In the latest Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) (2024-2025), Haiti's National Coordination for Food Security (CNSA), along with the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Food Programme (WFP) has recently identified that nearly one in two Haitians is facing acute food insecurity. To combat this, Haiti is looking to implement an investment plan to consolidate and develop the yam and coffee agroforestry systems with the Ministry of Agriculture. Haiti supports the development of sustainable agricultural initiatives and the use of UN organizations such as the WFP, FAO, and the International Organization for Migration (IOM) to further support Member States in their efforts to implement more agrifood systems. Haiti urges fellow Member States to increase aid and funding so the FAO can further support provisions of cash transfers and food production kits to provide immediate relief to affected households and help them protect their assets. | |
| Country: | Haiti |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The United Nations and Haiti signed the United Nations Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework for Haiti (UNSCDF) in 2023 to support development and strengthen peacebuilding. Further cooperation with middle-income and Member States is reinforced by the Ad Hoc Advisory Group on Haiti, established in resolution 1999/4 by the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) to provide long-term development strategy support and to promote reconstruction, sustainability, and further international support for Haiti. Additionally, a World Bank Group Country Partnership Framework was established in 2015 through report no. 98132 to boost shared prosperity and allocate funds for disaster relief. This initiative fosters international support for long-term development in Haiti and provides a means of capitalizing on future opportunities. United Nations Resolution 78/144, on which Haiti was a sponsor, calls upon all Member States to use technology to further agricultural development and share information to promote development cooperation. Haiti established the National Integrated Framework for Financing (CINF) in 2021 in collaboration with the United Nations Program for Developing (UNDP) to develop a framework to establish viable approaches to implementing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It affirms the joint efforts of national sectors and the government and is funded by the UN SDG Joint Fund and the European Union. Haiti looks favorably on development cooperation with middle-income countries and urges international efforts to implement SDGs. Additionally, Haiti supports further collective development strategies to mutually support and fund such initiatives, focusing specifically on projects that build resilience against climate change, as well as establishing self-reliance through initiatives like Country Development Cooperation Strategies (CDCS), that aim to address development needs. Haiti urges Member States to fund the World Bank's International Development Association (IDA) to help respond to emergency needs, support private sectors, and build fiscal sustainability. | |
| Country: | Honduras |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The delegation of Honduras strongly affirms the critical nature of agriculture
development, food security, and nutrition as the key to a healthy and thriving society. As
signatories on the 2020 reissuing of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Honduras
recommitted itself to the articles, including Article 25 which importantly calls for all to have
the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his
family, including food. The delegation of Honduras recognizes the impact that sustainable
food systems have on economic development and well-being, as a nation with a deeply
agricultural economy.
An estimated 2.4 billion people worldwide are disproportionately affected by food insecurity and even more so in developing countries. For Honduras, the rising cost of nutritious food along with economic setbacks have exacerbated an already challenging situation. Although initiatives like the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have synthesized meaningful progress, a renewed commitment is crucial to achieving SDG 2 by 2030. The international community must focus on enhancing agricultural resilience by investing in rural infrastructure and promoting fair trade to create a sustainable and equitable global food system. Small-scale farmers are critical to Honduras's food production but they still face challenges such as access to fair markets and financial support. Honduras calls on the international community to expand funding and technical assistance for programs that uplift small-scale farmers, especially those working in regions affected by climate stress. Initiatives that enhance access to affordable credit, facilitate gender equality in rural areas, and promote efficient agricultural practices are critical for building a resilient agricultural sector, in a time where instability due to climate strain will become the new norm. Additionally, the delegation of Honduras encourages the Second Committee to support programs like the Sahel Integrated Resilience Program which represent a pivotal innovative agricultural trend where climate resilience is recognized as the key to the future. Investment in climate-adaptive farming practices, such as sustainable irrigation, drought-resistant crop varieties, and land restoration programs, is essential to counter the impacts of climate change on agriculture. The delegation of Honduras reasserts its commitment to the goals of sustainable agricultural development, bettered nutrition, and enhanced food security. Tackling food insecurity demands a global commitment that balances economic cooperation with targeted support for vulnerable populations. Through support from the international system, Member States can establish resilient agri-food systems that promote economic stability and sustainable development, moving populations closer to a world without hunger or malnutrition. | |
| Country: | Honduras |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| We the Republic of Honduras for the past five years have been working on a plan with
El Salvador, Guatemala, and southern Mexico regarding the migration of citizens
northward due to poverty, inequality, unemployment, and the impact of natural disasters.
The scale and severity of the situation have only increased with the coronavirus disease
(COVID-19) pandemic (UN 2021). We are finding a solution to the poverty that is slowly
increasing as the effects post-pandemic are still being addressed. That's why the
presidents of Guatemala, Mexico, El Salvador, and Honduras commissioned the
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean to draft a proposal that took
considerations from all the involved countries and were able to make a document the
countries could come to a collective consensus.
We, the Republic of Honduras, has signed agreements with Guatemala and El Salvador to remove certain trade barriers, thus improving access for Honduran farmers to these larger markets. This access is particularly beneficial for rural areas who grow staple crops and export products such as coffee and dairy. With improved logistics and reduced tariffs, Honduran farmers can achieve better market prices, increasing their revenue and providing more stable economy for rural communities. Additionally, Honduras has broader trade agreements, like CAFTA-DR, to further enhance economic opportunities and encourage foreign investment, fostering sustainable development and poverty alleviation in collaboration with organizations like the World Bank. CAFTA-DR is a significant trade pact that includes Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, the Dominican Republic and the United States. This agreement aims to reduce tariffs and promote trade among the member countries, creating a more integrated market. For Honduras, CAFTA-DR offers enhanced access to the U.S. market, which is vital for its key exports such as textiles, agricultural products, and seafood This access encourages economic growth and creates jobs, especially in rural areas where many families depend on agriculture. CAFTA-DR has facilitated the modernization of various branches in Honduras, leading to improved infrastructure that benefits farmers and manufacturers. By eliminating trade barriers, the agreement allows Honduran producers to compete more effectively in the market in the Americas. As a result, CAFTA-DR provides economic opportunities and plays a crucial role in reducing poverty and enhancing the overall quality of life for many Hondurans. | |
| Country: | Hungary |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Hungary, in its commitment to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (A/RES/70/1),
is committed to ensuring the availability of clean water and sanitation for all people through
measures such as management of risks associated with source water, treatment
technologies, distribution, and premise plumbing. We implore all other member nations to
take such actions, as 96% of our countrys surface waters originate abroad while only leaving
through the Danube, Tisza, and Dráva rivers, making us vulnerable to floods outside our
borders. Hungary is currently part of bilateral agreements with all of its neighboring
countries regarding the Danube and Carpathian basins, ensuring the availability of
freshwater from the foregoing regions. It is undeniable that the availability of freshwater
from these sources is vital to not only the water security of our population but also to our
agricultural industry.
Hungary is committed to protecting its farmers and agricultural industry. We are very concerned by the decreasing output of this sector in our nations economy and have taken actions to remedy this such as banning cheaper Ukrainian imports and the creation of rural opportunities through our CAP Strategic Plan. We aim to increase the amount of organic farming done in our country (10% of the farming area in Hungary will be organic by 2027 as laid out in the CAP Strategic Plan) to increase our competitiveness in the growing market of organic farming. Organic farming plays an outstanding role in preserving natural resources, providing healthy and nutritious food for the population, and increasing the population retention capacity of rural areas, all areas of concern for Hungary. In its commitment to the aforementioned 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, specifically SDG2, Hungary finds the ongoing war in Ukraine to be a significant threat to the food security of the world. The disruption of global supply chains caused by the war has increased food prices for nations around the world, including African nations still recovering from the economic crisis presented by COVID-19. Additionally, the EUs decision to allow duty-free imports from Ukraine has caused significant problems for the economies, specifically agriculturally, of neighboring countries, including Hungary, which threaten the sustainability of our agricultural development by flooding our markets with cheaper goods at the expense of our farmers. | |
| Country: | Hungary |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| As the timeframe set out by IDC2025 comes to a close, Hungary continues its commitment to
expand its global outreach by contributing to the sustainable development of our partner
countries in a manner consistent with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Despite
falling short this past year in 2023 we still strive to achieve a ODA/GNI ratio of 0.25% by 2025 in
hopes of strengthening economic relationships with countries all over the world.
In line with our Eastern Opening, Hungary seeks out trade cooperation with the emerging countries of the East, primarily the OTC. While these countries do not make up a significant portion of our foreign trade, their hydrocarbon exports, specifically those of Turkey, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Turkmenistan are of potential interest to us. As for our neighbors, Hungary supports the integration of Western Balkan states into the European Union. The ascension of the Western Balkan states into the EU and the speed of their development is in the economic interest of all European countries and Hungary is paving the way for it through bilateral agreements with said countries. | |
| Country: | India |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Since the turn of the millennia, food insecurity has grown to affect almost a billion people
around the globe. Despite global food production increasing by over sixty percent in the past
three decades, food security has continuously fallen short in underdeveloped and
overpopulated nations. As a founding member of the Food and Agriculture Organization of
the United Nations (FAO), we have been continuously involved in the fight against food
insecurity, and we aim to maintain our support of our nation, as well as any country that
struggles with food accessibility and affordability.
India has a significant food affordability issue. Our food production levels are adequate; however, economic disparity blocks many citizens' access to food. The National Food Security Act of 2013 (NFSA) was implemented to combat this. Through the NFSA, we can feed over eight hundred million citizens through subsidized produce. Our government incurs a hefty financial burden when the NFSA is carried out adequately. Acknowledging the NFSAs success, India's hungry population remains one of the largest in the world. We request foreign aid, either financially or via produce, to support our needy citizens. To support this issue personally and globally, India pushes the UN to expand globalized food avenues by increasing the assessed budget of the FAO. Doing so will boost the amount of food and agriculture apportioned to undernourished nations. Food insecurity is disproportionately prevalent in Africa, South America, and southern parts of Asia and Europe. We support any motions that fairly aid any countries that experience the effects of food insecurity on a day-to-day basis. | |
| Country: | India |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| India recognizes the vital importance of development cooperation in addressing the
multifaceted challenges faced by middle-income countries (MICs). We believe empowering
these nations is a moral imperative for global stability and prosperity. India consistently
advocates for inclusive growth and shared prosperity, resonating with the sentiments
expressed in various international forums.
We acknowledge that MICs play a pivotal role in the global economy; however, they often grapple with unique obstacles, including economic disparities and socio-political challenges. To address these issues, India proposes a comprehensive framework for cooperation that emphasizes knowledge sharing, capacity building, and technology transfer. Our experience in sectors such as information technology, renewable energy, and agriculture positions us as a valuable partner for MICs seeking to enhance their developmental outcomes. India supports establishing regional networks that facilitate collaboration among MICs. Such initiatives would enable knowledge exchange and foster innovation tailored to these countries' contexts. We believe partnerships should be grounded in mutual respect and a commitment to sustainable development goals. To maximize the impact of development cooperation, India advocates for increased access to financial resources, including concessional loans and grants for infrastructure development and social welfare projects. We also emphasize the importance of engaging local communities in decision-making to ensure that initiatives align with their needs. In conclusion, India stands ready to collaborate with MICs through innovative and sustainable development strategies, ensuring that our collective efforts lead to meaningful progress and empowerment for all nations involved. | |
| Country: | Indonesia |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Food insecurity is a longstanding issue that impacts practically every country around the
globe. Lack of access to food or proper nutrition can keep civilians from becoming active
members of society and lead to problems such as malnutrition, anemia, and other
conditions.
Indonesia is committed to reaching the UN's Sustainable Development Goals to diminish food insecurity and malnutrition. We have been researching and implementing ways to sustainably grow, process, and transport food. As part of the FAO and WFP we have been working with organizations to develop solutions. We support the exploration of finding more effective ways to distribute food and redistribute surpluses. In programs to lower food insecurity and malnutrition we have found it is beneficial to solve these problems locally. Focusing on local problems allows us to find the origin of these problems, we can then focus on finding solutions for that community. We support the UN's continued research of sustainable agriculture practices, and the implementation of cost effective solutions. | |
| Country: | Indonesia |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Indonesia believes that development cooperation with middle income countries is needed for the growth and help with global issues. We also understand fostering sustainable growth and the challenges these nations must face. A growing economy like Indonesia is well positioned to engage partnerships. This will enhance knowledge and help share new innovations. By doing corporations like done with our involvement with ASEAN we truly believe this would strengthen its collaborative effort to tackle shared issues. Moreover we are hoping to encourage technology transfer, sharing knowledge, and promote social progress. By implementing this we hope to share a new set of skills for their global market. Focusing on their human capital would most definitely benefit their economy. We also see investment for instance into their infrastructures to help with their development. These infrastructures could be renewable which would also align with this global effort for climate change. Together we can build a cooperation that will be sustainable and we will ensure that no nation is left behind. | |
| Country: | Iraq |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The Republic of Iraq recognizes the urgent need to address agricultural development, food
security, and nutrition as critical components of our national strategy for sustainable
development. Iraq is home to Mesopotamia, the oldest civilization dating back to 4800 BC. This
civilization developed significantly due partly to their agricultural advancements. This legacy of
agriculture carries on today. It is vital to leverage our resources and knowledge to enhance food
security for our population, which faces numerous challenges, including poor irrigation systems
which has stunted the health of Iraqi citizens
Iraq's agricultural sector, a long-standing cornerstone of its economy, holds significant potential for the country's future. It has been a major contributor to employment and GDP. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), in 2021, over 22 percent of the land in Iraq is suitable for agricultural development, and only 5 percent has been developed. Iraq primes itself on producing wheat, beets, barley, and other grain crops, which require irrigation systems to survive the seasons. However, according to Britannica, over-irrigation has occurred, resulting in the soil's salinization. Salinization is the presence of dissolved salts in water, which, according to the National Institute of Health, can result in low agricultural production and soil erosion. The devastating effects of salinization are evident in Iraq, with a breaking record number of 7.9 million undernourished citizens, the highest it has been in over 20 years, according to the FAO. This food insecurity has begun to affect the health of women, men, and children in Iraq at alarming rates. The World Food Program found in 2023 that despite improved efforts in reducing stunting amongst children, obesity continues to rise in women to about 40 percent and men to about 26 percent. A chain reaction beginning with maladaptive agricultural practices has affected Iraqi citizens' food security and health. It is vital to promote new beginnings for the agricultural sector and the lives of all Iraqis facing turmoil at the hands of undernourishment. Iraq's call for international cooperation to fund drip irrigation systems, which has provided groundbreaking results in combating salinization. According to a study published by the School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China, Drip irrigation systems control the number of salts released in the soil and conserve on average 50 to 90 percent of water usage compared to dams, drains, and barrels, which Iraq currently depends on. Iraq joined the Hand-in-Hand Initiative (HIH) in 2023, which provides drip irrigation to impoverished farmers. Despite the benefits of the HIH, there are not enough funds necessary to control pest control in agriculture or livestock, providing our citizens with tremendous nourishment. The Republic of Iraq calls for joint investment from member nations to contribute to the growth of the HIH initiative in Iraq. The help of the member nations is crucial and will allow farmers of all income levels to benefit from the drip irrigation systems funded by the HIH and be able to provide nourishing food to the tables of Iraqi families across the nation. The drip irrigation systems have evident success, and it is now time for Iraq to march forward into a new age of agricultural revolution, with your support playing a key role in our success. | |
| Country: | Iraq |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The Republic of Iraq acknowledges the international efforts to ensure the development of
middle-income countries (MICs). Iraq, along with other MICs, holds the potential to achieve
tremendous feats in entrepreneurship and education through multilateral aid and public-private
partnerships. Despite the challenges, we remain hopeful and committed to this vision.
Despite Iraq being classified as an upper middle-income country, according to the World Bank, this label can be overlooked due to internal conflict and government corruption. This combination has limited the opportunities for growth for Iraqi citizens, and likewise, other nations have unfortunately suffered under very similar conditions. Although this issue seems to affect only MICs at first glance, high-income countries have also been affected by the economic downturn of other nations, such as through an influx of refugees. The UN Refugee Agency has reported over 43 million refugees worldwide who have been forced to flee their countries as a result of conflict and economic downturn. This fate, which has plagued a variety of MICs, is far too familiar in Iraq and has prompted our nation to address the issue in an effective, multilateral, and public-private partnership that aims to provide refugees with the opportunity to educate themselves and become active members of the economy. It's important to note that the economic downturn of other nations can have ripple effects, impacting not only MICs but also high-income countries through increased refugee populations, but this cycle can be mitigated with the Headway Programme. In 2019, a multilateral effort with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and varying private firms in Iraq worked together on the Headway Programme. The Headway Programme aimed to address the economic disadvantages facing the 1.6 million internally displaced Iraqis and Syrian refugees by providing them with grants for small to medium-sized enterprises, internships, and job placements, as well as enhanced government services to help identify the needs of individuals. Although the Headway Programme lasted one year, the benefits were life-changing. The Headway Programme improved economic prosperity in the participating Iraqi communities by encouraging businesses to hire Syrian refugees and providing over 400 people with grants to begin startups and businesses. Although this program ended shortly, with multilateral efforts with the UNDP and support from upper-income countries, other nations like Iraq can be provided the opportunity to mobilize all diverse people from its countries. Iraq, recognizing the crucial role of the UNDP, calls upon the organization to enact the Headway Programme in MICs worldwide. This is a crucial step towards economic mobility, providing citizens with relief services in education, entrepreneurship, and assistance. | |
| Country: | Ireland |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| In 2024, the Republic of Ireland was rated 0.96 on the Human Development Index. Therefore, in terms of agriculture development, food security, and nutrition, the nation is well above average. Additionally, recent studies by The Economist Group report 2.5% undernourishment and 26.9% obesity among Irish citizens. Ireland's 51% tax rate on individual income positively contributes to the nation's success. According to the European Commission, increased transmission of lower wholesale energy will bring the inflation rate down to 1.9% by the end of the year. In January, Ireland's Food and Agriculture announced "Food Vision 2023," a food security initiative. Likewise, The European Agricultural Guarantee Fund and The European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development support small-scale Irish farmers. To improve global food security, the Republic of Ireland can globalize "Food Vision 2023" and implement climate conscious agricultural solutions. | |
| Country: | Ireland |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The Economist Group classified Ireland as a high-income nation. In 2024, the International Monetary Fund reported a gross domestic product (GDP) per capita of 103,500 U.S. dollars. This well exceeds the global average of 13,900 U.S. dollars. In 1974, the Department of Foreign Affairs announced Irish Aid. The international development cooperation program helps middle-income countries overcome numerous challenges such as poverty and hunger. Furthermore, the Official Development Assistance Committee reported the nation's plan to devote 0.7% of Gross National Income to international development by 2030. To improve development cooperation with middle-income countries, the Republic of Ireland can encourage the General Assembly to embrace Irish Aid and the "A Better World" program. | |
| Country: | Italy |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Of the 8 billion people in the world, 733 million go hungry every day. Of those, approximately 9 million people die every year as a result of the hunger crisis. This issue disproportionately impacts those in Africa, in which one in every five people in the continent suffer from hunger. These problems stem from a lack of agricultural advancement, as data shows direct correlation between countries with food insecurity and lack of agricultural technology and resources. 99% of the farms in Italy are family owned. Allowing accessibility in agricultural technology is vital in Italy in order to keep food stability and maintain vital parts of our economy. Italy has one of the lowest rates of malnourishment in the world as a result of our strong infrastructure, and we lead the world in sectors like wine production as a result. Furthermore, our commitment to increase agricultural development and decrease malnourishment stretches internationally in order to expand the quality of life and economies of lesser developed nations. We endorse a resolution to declare the right to food as a human right. After the failed attempt at this passage in 2023, we hope to finally classify food as a human right. We also encourage increased UN funding towards organizations created to help nations unable to provide necessary resources. We encourage that these organizations be used to help nations increase their agricultural sector in order to allow for an eventual end to the humanitarian crisis of food insecurity. Lack of agricultural advancement not only affects food security but affects the local economy as well. There is a direct correlation between lack of agricultural infrastructure, food insecurity, and weak economics. Aid would not only help the food crisis, but help grow economies that are underdeveloped and therefore unable to contribute as much to the global economy. | |
| Country: | Italy |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| As a country, we believe highly on the importance of what developmental help and cooperation can do for a nation. There has been a demonstration by us, one of the leading powerhouse countries internationally, of how one can adequately aid countries in need of development. There are vital implications on what that cooperation can do to those economies. There has been a continuous dedication and commitment by us of aiding Countries in Africa for the assistance they need. Though they are considered to be on the lower-income end of the spectrum, there is evidence to show why we need to focus on everyone within. For example, El Salvador is considered to be a middle-income country with slow GDP growth and a high debt burden. El Salvador sets a precedent of the crises that having cooperation from other countries can assist with. We play active roles in conducting open plans on adapting initiatives that would allow gain in other countries. Some of what the developmental energizes get at are that of sustainability, human rights, and all aspects of what a country should show. The reiteration from the G7 Foreign ministers of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, and the USA state that they have "the need to take collective action to preserve peace and stability and to address global challenges." Reiteration of the importance we find in these aspects of life are critical in what we continue to show through action and support. These global challenges of development are crucial for our partners and require unity and cohesiveness in order to share solutions of peace, development, and stability. Keeping momentum on the issues at hand will allow for effective and long-term changes. To hold responsibility and cooperation to those who hinder others' success is what we aim to do. | |
| Country: | Japan |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The amiable country of Japan, while respectful of each country's situation, is unwavering in its compassion for solving world issues and recognizes the problems associated with world food insecurity that affects 2.4 billion people, and would like to continue its best possible efforts in helping other countries in agricultural development. We also recognize and understand that there exists many states who do not have the necessary resources, infrastructure, economic means, and other needs that are required in ensuring the sufficient economic and financial stability of agricultural development and food security. While it is understood that progress has been made on these issues, we believe that recent economic slowdown due to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in the early stages of this decade as well as more recent continuations of armed conflict worldwide have contributed to a stall in progress on this front. Therefore, we deem the issues of agriculture development, food secuity, and nutrition all requiring necesary discussion and debate in order to consider how to solve evolving problems moving forward. In 1945, the United Nations created the Food and Agricultural Organization with the goal of researching economic and technological improvements in agriculture, nutrition, and food security. Sincere in our efforts and endeavors to reach these goals, the country of Japan is a member of the FAO, is one of their foremost partners and a major contributor to the their usual budget, and in the year of 2023 alone we donated a total of $34.4 million to their activities. Currently, we, like many others, are also working towards helping the world to reach SDG2 of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals set in 2015, which seeks to end world hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture by 2030, but we are concerned whether achieving this is plausible given our current course outlook as the number of undernourished persons continues to increase yearly. Accordingly, we believe that the world commitment to SDG2 and the ways in which we will reach our goals in time must be reevaluated if we are to continue holding onto the belief that we can reach them in the first place. As the fourth largest economy in the world, Japan is one of the leading donors to the World Food Programme which aims to end hunger by providing food assistance and other aid to those in need. Most recently this year, Japan has joined hands with the WTP to tackle food security in Sierra Leone as well as in the Gaza Strip and West Bank by providing lifesaving contributions of emergency food and nutrition assistance to those in ongoing conflict situations and those with insufficient access to needed resources. In terms of agriculture development, Japan has been working on new research like biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) which introduces genes into wheat that allow it to use nitrogen more efficiently addressing food security by ensuring fruitful crop yields while decreasing environmental impact. Considering this research, Japan would like to look into a commitment for creating more innovative research for which we can not only improve agricultural development, but also succeed in preventing food insecurity and ensuring nutrient filled crops are readily available. In conclusion, Japan is looking to reevaluate world commitment to SDG2 principles including ways in which we can ensure it is reached in time, if this is still possible, and if determined not, then we would like to propose a new framework and date for which we can achieve this. Similarly, we would also like to look into increasing research in new and innovative technology that can increase agricultural developments that will help to improve food security and nutrition, while ensuring environmental integrity and reaching Sustainable Development Goals. Arigatou Gozaimasu. Arigatou Gozaimasu. | |
| Country: | Japan |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The Government of Japan is committed to sustainable development, firmly believing that MICs are playing a very important role in the stability of the world and in high economic growth. While MICs have attained some level of economic development, income disparity, poverty, environmental deterioration, and lack of infrastructure are still realized. Based on commitments to shared growth and technological innovation, Japan's approach to development cooperation with MICs adheres to the SDGs.Japan believes that the development cooperation should be in line with the MIC situation, since it is one of the countries with quite a long history of Official Development Assistance provision. Classic development aid rarely covers issues related to structural challenges of MICs. Japan consequently supports a targeted approach complemented by financial assistance with capacity-building, knowledge transfer, and public-private partnerships. In order to achieve long-term resilience and sustainable economic growth, this holistic approach will benefit the populations and make regional and global stability possible. Three major pillars have underlined Japan's development cooperation with MICs: infrastructure development, environmental sustainability, and human resource development. Japan strongly believes that resilient infrastructure is the very foundation of economic stability and further growth. We decided to commit to undertaking roles of building sustainable infrastructure in the MICs, especially in the Asia-Pacific region. In this regard, through initiatives such as the Partnership for Quality Infrastructure, Japan has invested in high-quality infrastructure projects that support sustainable urbanization, reduce the environmental impact, and better connectivity within and between countries. Japan is also at the forefront of supporting environmentally sustainable growth, in consideration of the fact that MICs are highly vulnerable to climate change and environmental risks. Japan calls for the adoption by MICs of clean and renewable energy technologies and offers its own accumulated expertise in solar, wind, and hydrogen energy. By sharing technological know-how and green policy principles, Japan commits itself to facilitating shifts toward sustainable economies within the MICs in tune with the global climate agenda. Japan also recognizes that human resource development is the very foundation of sustained growth. Through initiatives like the Japan International Cooperation Agency, or JICA, we provide education and vocational training for youth and build competent workforces in MICs. In doing so, Japan invests in people so that MICs may harness their human capital, thereby fostering innovation and driving economic growth from within. We remain committed to further strengthening partnerships with middle-income countries in the pursuit of inclusive and sustainable growth. In fact, we wish that this should serve as an opportunity for the international community to adopt multidimensional approaches to development cooperation relevant to the peculiar needs of each country that are fitted for a path of economic resilience leading eventually to the attainment of SDGs. Japan is ready to join hands with other countries so that our support for MICs will serve as a cornerstone for long-term prosperity and stability. | |
| Country: | Jordan |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Food as a whole is a constant concern for the delegation of Jordan. Climate, unemployment, rising food costs, and a large refugee population make nutritious food difficult to come by for most citizens. The UN has taken big steps in helping the delegation via the World Food Programme, with it giving more food of better quality to those in refugee camps. Other measures have and are also being taken by the UN, like the Jordan Strategic Plan 2023-2027, which aims to boost food security, develop agriculture, and better ways to manage and monitor food security and nutrition. The delegation of Jordan is devoted to these actions by providing information on its population and how the aforementioned actions affect the people. The delegation is resolved to assist so that the citizens are able to have access to more food and food of higher quality and nutritional value. Food security is very important to the delegation and it is committed to allowing and assisting the UN in making it greater. The delegation has also aided in the efforts to better the agriculture of the land with the Jordan Strategic Plan 2023-2027. Lastly, the delegation believes and trusts in the current policies in place, with the Jordan Strategic Plan 2023-2027 and the SCP National Strategy and Action Plan, as well as the support from the UN and the World Food Programme will all be instrumental in developing the agriculture, improving food security, and the overall nutrition of the citizens of the delegation. The delegation suggests that after the current plans in place expire that the previous items listed be monitored, and if more action is needed that it be taken to further progress the aforementioned items. | |
| Country: | Jordan |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Many UN countries have very good relations with the delegation, countries like the United States, with higher incomes, and Egypt and Iraq, with middle-incomes, are key contributors to the economy of the delegation. The UN has done a great job in opening even more routes of communication and trade with other countries that the delegation might not have even been able to reach, which has provided a large amount of assistance to the delegation. The delegation is committed to the actions of the UN by being open to trade from many countries. The delegation is ranked 72nd in global imports and 82nd in global exports. The delegation is a little low for overall trade and a big contributor to that is the climate being unforgiving towards a majority of agriculture. The delegation is on the lower range of global trading, with the majority of trading done via imports, with a total of $21 billion of trading as imports, compared to $9 billion done through exports. This can be increased by improving agriculture which would dramatically increase the delegation exports of vegetables and fruit. This can be done with the Jordan Strategic Plan 2023-2027 and the SCP National Strategy and Action Plan. These policies will be vital in increasing the overall exports of the delegation which can open up more economic opportunities which can in turn develop the delegation. | |
| Country: | Kenya |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Food is the basis of our subsistence. For our minds to learn, our hands to create and our voices to lead, our stomachs must be well fed. UNICEF reports that as of 2023, 29 percent of the world population currently experiences some degree of food insecurity while roughly 750 million people or 9 percent of the world's population currently experience malnutrition. In Kenya alone it is estimated that 2.1 million or 14% of our citizens currently experience high levels of acute insecurity contributing to a summative 49% of our population that experiences some level of acute food insecurity. As a nation whose economic instability and climate crisis has exasperated food security and nutrition, we very well understand the dire effects such an issue has on a nation's development and its people's standard of living. Therefore, the delegation of Kenya supports in the highest regard resolutions that promote agricultural development, food security, and nutrition within states. In that same way, we also understand the powerful impact international cooperation can have in combating such issues, such as the Global Food Security Strategy: Kenya Country Plan, co-developed by our government and the United States whose framework provides an extensive strategy aimed at curbing food insecurity at the individual, household, community and system levels within our country. We reaffirm our support for the Rome Principles for Sustainable Global Food Security mentioned in the Declaration of the World Summit on Food Security (WSFS 2009/2). We note Principle 2's commitment to fostering strategic coordination at the national regional and global levels to promote better allocation of resources and Principle 3's commitment to a twin-track approach that consists of direct action in tackling hunger in the most vulnerable and long- term sustainable programs that eliminate the root causes of hunger and poverty. Additionally we support the World Food Programme's (WFP), created through UN Resolution 1716 (XIV) in December of 1961, mission against the global fight against hunger. We credit our country's successes in combating food insecurity, malnutrition, and developing agricultural production to our continued cooperation with the WFP. And thus call for the continued international support of the WFP so that even the most affected countries can see malnutrition eliminated and food security assured. However, more can still be done. In a time where technology allows us to solve our most dire problems, we call for resolutions supporting initiatives that can increase the efficiency and scope of agricultural production. We call for the economic leaders of our world to pledge their support in combating these issues as a means of creating a more equitable and fed global society. | |
| Country: | Kenya |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| According to the High-Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development, middle-income countries represent 75 percent of the World's population and makeup 1/3 of the World's GDP, yet they account for 62 percent of the world's population living in poverty. Considering these challenges, middle-income countries should deem international cooperation as imperative in addressing these problems. As a lower-middle-income nation experiencing significant economic growth for the past 20 years, the delegation of Kenya supports resolutions that catalyze cooperation between middle-income countries. In Kenya, our GDP has grown 10- fold since 1995, and the birth rate has decreased by 33 percent in that same span. Yet 36 percent of our nation remains in poverty while food insecurity and malnutrition depreciate quality of life. Many of our fellow middle-income countries face similar challenges. We therefore reaffirm our commitment to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015 (70/1); noting its targeted initiatives to address social inequality, economic struggles, and healthcare needs through international cooperation between member states. We cite our role as a leader within the African Union and our avid support of its Agenda 2063 as a testament to our ongoing commitment to international cooperation in achieving these aims. We believe initiatives proposed by Agenda 2063 such as fostering free market trade and improving technological efficiency in national security, agriculture, and transportation can be adopted internationally by Middle Income countries to achieve prosperity. | |
| Country: | Kuwait |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The State of Kuwait, as a desert nation with very little land available for agriculture, acknowledges the importance of agriculture development and food security. Kuwait faces not only terrain barriers to traditional farming but also freshwater shortages that make sustained farming difficult. Kuwait is currently mostly dependent on imports for food and agricultural products, according to a 2024 Marmore Mena study, in 2022 93.6% of Kuwait's food and beverage trade was reliant on foreign imports. Kuwait 2035, Kuwait's National Development Plan focuses on expanding and increasing local production of non-oil economic sectors including agricultural goods. This project uses global indicators as a way to track and measure Kuwait's progress with the plan compared to other countries. His Highness the Emir of Kuwait says that Kuwait possesses the main elements it will take to achieve this vision: a strategic geographical location, an encouraging legislative body, a comprehensive judicial system, and a balanced international foreign policy. In addition, there are also several national agencies aimed at developing sustainable agricultural techniques and technologies. The Supreme National Committee for Strengthening the Food and Water Security System includes advisors both inside and outside Kuwait to provide food and water security. The Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences also helped fund two pilot projects including one specifically for vertical farming. Kuwait continues to implement new plans for assistance in agricultural development, food security, and nutrition. | |
| Country: | Kuwait |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The State of Kuwait is committed to sustainable development throughout all countries in the world, and has long been one of the most active countries in the move towards sustainable development. Only months after the founding of Kuwait, the Ministry of Finance implemented the Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development, a self funded development organization. It has given the equivalent of almost 19 billion US dollars to furthering the development of Arab countries since its establishment in 1961. In recent years, the fund has also aided other countries in the move towards sustainability. The Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development has worked on several projects in recent years, such as the construction of 34 small hydropower plants in the Republic of Cuba, and the construction of the Neelum-Jhelum hydropower project in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Kuwait is a member state of the Gulf Cooperation Council, a council aimed at the development of Arab gulf countries. Kuwait has also been a steadfast partner of the UNDP, working closely with them to support development and sustainability around the globe. As well as working with other United Nations committees focused on international development and cooperation as well as sustainability. The State of Kuwait continues its longstanding tradition of international aid to middle and low income countries with the goal of development and sustainability into the modern day. | |
| Country: | Libya |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The State of Libya recognizes the importance of developing sustainable agriculture to help combat food insecurity. Civil strife and COVID-19 has left an estimated 324,000 individuals without adequate access to food. While the State of Libya combats social insecurity and attempts to institute a new constitution, the devaluation of the Libyan Dinar has led to the regression of progress in defeating malnutrition. The Government of Libya works closely with the World Food Programme to help allocate resources to those in need. Agriculture is the second largest sector within Libya's economy, however it only produces enough for 25% of domestic consumption. This is due to poor climatic conditions and soil that heavily limits food production. Therefor, the State of Libya relies heavily on imported food. It is within the State of Libya's interest to contribute to the global research and development of agricultural production, specifically within areas of poor environmental conditions for food production. | |
| Country: | Libya |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The State of Libya, commonly referred to as Libya, has a volatile-stable economy and it
is considered a "Upper-Middle Income Country" by the World Bank Group. Although Libya
has an upper middle income state, the growth and development are significantly good
compared to those countries in a similar state or related to the nation. According to the
World Bank Group, "Middle Income Countries" are those whose Gross National Income
(GNI) ranges from $1,136 to $13,845 per capita, also having sub-classifications of Lower
Middle Income ($1,136 to $4,465) and Upper Middle Income ($4,466 to $13,845).
Countries considered "Middle Income Countries" (and with whom Libya has diplomatic
relations) are: Turkey, South Africa, Egypt, and Morocco.
Because Libya has a growing and developing economy, the delegation of Libya would be more than pleased to share a development cooperation with Middle Income Countries, to help them reach and surpass the GNI of $13,845 per capita to be considered "High Income Countries". Libya proposes a three-step cooperative plan which considers its own and each countries possibilities (possible growth rate and input to the plan): Skills and technology sharing/transfer: it is well known that the Libyan economy is based on natural resources exploitation, such as oil, which for the country has the experience and machinery for maximizing results, which could highly help MICs. Infrastructure and trading: New ways of import and export of various goods between MICs and also High Income Countries can result in the specialization on production and development of specific goods on each country making it easier and maximizing results and production Health and country infrastructure development: cooperation for investment of infrastructure and healthcare systems between countries can maximize profits by incentivizing the labor force and entrepreneurship in each country, resulting in more growth opportunities. | |
| Country: | Luxembourg |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| As noted by the WHO (World Health Organization), about 2.33 billion people experienced moderate to severe food insecurity worldwide in 2023. Despite persistent and strategic efforts to make agricultural production more efficient and sustainable globally, this issue is increasing. Simultaneously, factors like economic and financial conditions, political tensions and disputes, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, and climate change contribute to the issue of food insecurity. Financial difficulties impede people from all regions of the world and many cannot afford nutritious food for themselves. This hindrance coupled with war, displacement, and political disputes makes it more difficult to access sufficient food. Economic shocks from the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change effects make food security increasingly difficult. Agriculture production covers about 53% of Luxembourg's land and is a priority and responsibility of the nation to carry out its production in an increasingly sustainable manner. Luxembourg believes that taking measures to increase sustainable development and economic stability in the agricultural sector, as well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving energy efficiency will help to successfully address and achieve global food security. As explained in Luxembourg's CAP (Common Agricultural Policy) introduced in January 2023, the country aims to financially support agri-producers and encourage their environmental stewardship, increase organic farming to 20% by 2025, and reduce the use of pesticides to 50% by 2030. To combat climate change, Luxembourg's Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan was adopted in 2019 and aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, increase reliance on renewable energies, as well as improve energy efficiency through multiple measures. Luxembourg strives to achieve these goals and encourage other Member States to invest as well to increase food accessibility, nutrition, and production sustainability across the globe. | |
| Country: | Luxembourg |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg seeks enhanced cooperation and partnerships with the UN, MICs, and other economies to address critical and global development needs. As a founding member of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), a World Bank institution of 189 countries focused on providing financial products and policy advice to middle-income countries (MICs), Luxembourg stays committed to supporting MICs. Additionally, Luxembourg allocates 1% of its Gross National Income (GNI) to Official Development Assistance (ODA) annually. According to the World Bank, 75% of the world's population and 62% of the world's poor live in middle-income countries. More than 100 countries are at the critical development stage as they navigate the "Middle-Income trap" on top of multinational challenges such as climate change, aging population, and democracy under scrutiny. Luxembourg encourages the international community to re-evaluate the practice of reductions in Official Development Assistance (ODA) and enhance cooperation regarding investment and innovation. The General Assembly recently adopted resolution A/RES/78/162 in recognition of the interdependence of development cooperation with MICs and international accords such as the Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement. Luxembourg reaffirms these judgments and emphasizes the success of partnerships between UN agencies and MICs. For example, UNIDO's fostering of clean energy technologies in small- and medium-sized enterprises in Turkey developed 25 start- ups, incentivized the new policies that created a more conducive environment for clean energy technology companies, and trained 20 policymakers on the topic. The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg will address and initiate agreements critical to MIC development such as capacity development, technology transfers, and policy advice, and advocate for greater partnerships between UN agencies and all interested partners. | |
| Country: | Madagascar |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Madagascar recognizes and commits to global efforts to achieve sustainable
agricultural development, food security, and improved nutrition. Madagascar is among the
nation-states most vulnerable to food insecurity due to climate change, deforestation, and
economic challenges. Agriculture is the backbone of Madagascar's economy, with over
75% of the population relying on it. However, extreme weather events and poverty limit
agricultural growth and food security. Addressing these issues is essential to
Madagascar's development and stability.
The government of Madagascar commends the United Nations' recent initiatives, such as the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the United Nations Decade of Action on Nutrition (2016-2025), which aim to address food security and sustainable agricultural development. However, we urge the United Nations to enhance regional cooperation and invest in food security programs that assist vulnerable nations like Madagascar, where the economy heavily depends on agriculture but is struggling due to climate change, poverty, and limited infrastructure Madagascar strongly supports sustainable agricultural development. Smallholder farmers, that form the backbone of the agricultural system, need access to improved infrastructure and modern technologies. Madagascar advocates for increased United Nations funding for climate-resilient agriculture, such as drought-resistant crops, to reduce the negative impacts of climate change. We also call for better rural infrastructure to connect farmers to markets and reduce post-harvest losses. This is because Improved rural infrastructure is also essential to minimize post-harvest losses and connect farmers to markets. Madagascar is committed to improving nutrition, especially among children. Malnutrition remains a critical issue, with almost half of Malagasy children under five suffering from stunting. We call on the United Nations to expand nutrition programs such as the Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) Movement, which focuses on reducing malnutrition in children and mothers. We also support the World Food Programme's school feeding programs, which provide vital nutrition to children and improve educational outcomes. Madagascar supports resolutions that promote sustainable agricultural technologies and improve access to markets. Madagascar is particularly interested in initiatives that focus on financial assistance for drought-resistant crops and other innovative agricultural solutions such as Green Climate Fund Madagascar Project and the Africa Adaptation Initiative. Madagascar stresses that collaboration with like-minded nation-states, particularly in East Africa, will be crucial for fostering food security in the region. Madagascar urgently calls upon the international community to prioritize and secure sustainable agricultural development, food security, and improved nutrition, enabling our citizens to thrive and build resilience against future challenges. Together, we can ensure a healthier and more prosperous future for Madagascar and all vulnerable nations. | |
| Country: | Madagascar |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| As a country, the Republic of Madagascar is committed to continuing the economic
development of the global community. We recognize that, as a nation, we have natural
resources, biodiversity, and human capital, which puts us in a situation that encourages
development. In order to best capitalize on these things, we plan to implement
Madagascar's Country Development Cooperation Strategy (CDCS). The strategy contains
three main development objectives, the first of which is to improve human capacity. The
second is improved government accountability and effectiveness, and the third is a greater
availability of sustainable economic opportunities. We believe that supplementing these
areas will result in considerable measurable outcomes, strengthening the state economy
and our people as a whole. We strongly believe that if other member states implemented
similar goals, the global community would greatly benefit. Focusing on the CDCS will
support our continued goals of reducing poverty, supporting economic growth, promoting
human development, as well as supporting environmental sustainability, not just within our
nation, but throughout the world.
Besides our own state, the Republic of Madagascar affirms the goals laid out by United Nations Resolution 76/215, which is development cooperation with middle-income countries. It sets out detailed plans for achieving economic growth in middle-income countries that are struggling. We recognize the importance of additional support needed in middle-income countries such as our own to continue to achieve the goals set out in the United Nations Resolution 76/215. We are committed to continuing to work in partnership with states, both large and small, to support these goals. We are under the strong belief that supporting development cooperation within middle-income countries will in turn support our own goals of economic growth and development, along with poverty reduction. Madagascar is committed to improving the quality of life for the citizens of Madagascar, and the world. Madagascar supports resolutions such as UN 76/215 to foster international cooperation and is eager to work with fellow states to ensure that middle- income countries are receiving the resources they need to continue working towards improving economic development. | |
| Country: | Maldives |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Today's world of pressing issues, like heightened conflict and climate change, impact food
security, nutrition, and agricultural development, which are crucial to the future prosperity
of the Republic of Maldives. But the Maldives is not alone in these matters, this future is a
common future for all Member States. The Maldivian voice is vital as a Small Island
Developing State (SIDS). According to the World Meteorological Organization in their 2023
State of the Global Climate Report, weather and climate hazards have exacerbated food
security impacts on vulnerable populations. Conflict has also impacted food security across
the globe.
In article A.2, the Conflict and the right to food: Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food, conflict, like the Russian invasion of Ukraine, affects the dependency of Member States who rely on imports and financial markets. These countries are therefore more vulnerable to food insecurity. With increased reliance on aquatic food too, especially in SIDs, expansion of sustainable production for aquatic foods has the potential to contribute to food security, nutrition, and poverty reduction as suggested in the State of the World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2024 fourth key message, published by the Food and Agriculture Organization. In the Update of Nationally Determined Contribution of Maldives 2020, the Maldives is taking steps to scale up investments in creating better public food reserves as an adaptive measure to reduce risks of food shortages due to extreme events or market irregularities. Increasing farmers' access to finances, such as micro-credit and grants, to increase food security and improve the efficiency of production systems, both for the purpose of mitigating climate change and conflict effects. The Maldives encourages Member States to increase financial commitments to assist those affected by food insecurity, along with lowering global emissions. | |
| Country: | Maldives |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| With the Maldivian position as a Middle-Income Country (MIC), its cooperation is vital
to establish partnerships with other MICs, Small Island Developing States (SIDS), and the
Global South. Addressing environmental degradation within economic development is at
the heart of the Republic of the Maldives existence. The World Bank Group (WBG), in
"Taking a Comprehensive View of Wealth to Meet Today's Developmental Challenges,"
states how they found that Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is not inclusive enough for
aspects like non-renewable natural capital. The WBG, along with other United Nations
bodies calls for the use of comprehensive wealth measures to meet the shortcomings of
GDP. Aspects of environmental degradation affect development and income, as found in a
report from the WBG titled "Changing Wealth of Nations," but these are not accounted for
in GDP.
Addressing environmental degradation has been an important action for the Maldives, with 35% of their national budget going towards flood prevention, according to a report on Maldivian Losses and Damages (L&D). Examination of the Maldives L&Ds done by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in the UNDP Maldives Economic Bulletin 2023 shows that the Maldives have begun taking the first steps towards saving their lands. This includes re-claiming lands, through sustainable means, as this process usually creates a net negative for the environment. Investing in research of ways to sustainable re-claiming lands will be vital to the Maldives continued existence. Increasing cooperation for States facing degradation to their lands could be an innovative step to help achieve our goals in the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda. The Maldives encourages Member States to look towards Comprehensive Wealth Measures to address environmental impacts, as well as L&Ds to effectively address economic development. Establishing new partnerships to promote these measures will be key in helping SIDs and other States in the Global South. | |
| Country: | Mexico |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Agriculture is vital to Mexico's economy with the nation being a major producer and
exporter in agricultural products. Mexico holds itself to be an active participant in the
discussion of agricultural issues. We have sought protections and regulations for commerce
goods such as corn to ensure our own native crops maintain heritage. Our commitment to
agriculture also extends to Mexican civilians abroad.
Mexico aims to advocate for agricultural development with an increase in trade agreements within regional neighbors and globally. While also maintaining a strong domestic interest. Despite this, Mexico's citizens are often faced with nutritional development issues such as food security and obesity rates. As such, Mexico is committed to addressing issues that aim to progress the fight against world hunger, with a larger interest in raising the national totals of lower-income nations. Mexico recognizes the strides that previous resolutions have made but looks to address the new issues that have emerged in contemporary times. We aim to help secure a long-lasting solution to these issues for the betterment of all. | |
| Country: | Mexico |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The economic improvement of humanity has quickly become a major concern in
contemporary times. Mexico understands with great familiarity the economic challenges that
many middle-income nations are facing. It is our intention to advocate for strong, long-term
solutions now as the uncertainty of economic stability rises due to global events. We aim to
improve economic development in these regions with the investment of developed countries
around the world.
Mexico calls upon its fellow member states in the creation of more comprehensive trade agreements like the USMCA, European Union Mexico Agreement, Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership for other middle-income nations across the world with free trade agreements. It is this investment that we see will be a vital first step towards economic growth and security. | |
| Country: | Mozambique |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| According to the Global Report on Food Crises, in 2023, 282 million people were
struggling with severe food insecurity, requiring urgent aid in 59 countries alone.
Contemporaneously, many of these surveyed countries were also recorded as having the
majority of their labor force in the agricultural sector. This absurd imbalance will continue
exacerbating strains on the global economy and inflicting catastrophic consequences on
hundreds of millions of people. This formidable and omnipresent affront to Article 55 of the
United Nations Charter requires all states to mobilize for collective efforts to protect
everyone's health and social and economic conditions. The Republic of Mozambique firmly
maintains that fair and honest cooperation and confidence among states and international
institutions are most important in developing durable and effective solutions to agricultural
advancement and food security.
Mozambique praises the past significant efforts by the international community to remedy this momentous crisis with agreements such as the creation of the World Food Programme (1961) and the International Fund for Agricultural Development (1976). Mozambique further applauds the passing of A/RES/70/1, A/76/L.55, and A/RES/77/186. Mozambique supports significantly increasing the funding of the WFP to relieve present food insecurity in the most afflicted regions of the world. Mozambique also supports greatly expanding the budget of the IFAD to develop the durability of the agriculture sector of states most vulnerable to the disastrous effects of climate change. Mozambique further supports the United Nations Office for Sustainable Development, investing in research into the development of seawater farming in response to coastal flooding of farmland or the lack of freshwater resources where farmland should be. Mozambique additionally supports the construction of canals to transport fresh water to farms in distinct rural areas that lack it, as well as to better transport crops to urban areas. | |
| Country: | Mozambique |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Middle-income countries are a predominantly diverse group in terms of population, income, and size. They make up around 75% of the planet's population. Collectively, middle- income countries only make up a third of global GDP and 62% of the world's poor. This massive disparity in population to economic output demonstrates an unrealized potential that these countries can't utilize, thus obstructing global productivity. Notably, middle-income countries possess untapped potential but face significant barriers, particularly inadequate infrastructure, dependence on imported goods, lack of skilled workers, and a lack of investment opportunities or loans with high interest rates that undermine the investment. To combat these issues, the UN has adopted multiple resolutions to assist, including the 1978 Buenos Aires Plan of Action, which, through the South-South Conference, encouraged cooperation between developing countries to use cost-sharing to address common problems and broaden national research for projects and programs at the regional level. Furthermore, it called on developing countries to increase self-reliance by creating long-term plans to strengthen technological and scientific capabilities to their specific needs and slow their brain drain. Recently, in the 2000 UN Millennium Declaration, the UN reaffirmed its commitment to making development a right for everyone and helping deal with the debt issues of these countries through enhanced debt relief efforts. In the UN's recent attempts to help promote development within emerging economies, the UN proposed the SDG stimulus package to reduce the impact of global crises and further increase opportunities for countries to obtain loans to invest in their infrastructure and industry. It accomplished this through lower interest rate loans and creating programs to alleviate debt and poverty. Mozambique advocates for further international and regional cooperation, additional efforts to make the international financial system more equitable, and upscaling opportunities to provide long-term loans that will mutually benefit developed and developing countries. | |
| Country: | Nauru |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The Republic of Nauru is a rather poor state, with many of their potentially arable land
devastated by phosphate mining. The limited size of the country prevents Nauru from
engaging in other forms of agriculture, exclusively on the coast and in the ocean around it.
This being said, Nauru is largely dependent on imports, as according to the National Food
Systems Pathway on the UN Food Summit, over 90% of their total food consumption comes
from imported, cheap goods. Nauru as a result is a state that stands with much to gain for
agriculture development and food security. This state is idealist, in hoping that the efforts of
the UNGA bear fruit into providing food security to developing states all across the world.
| |
| Country: | Nauru |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Nauru stands with the UN charter's article 1, which states that Nauru will work together with member states "To achieve international co-operation in solving international problems". Realizing the lack of support Nauru can send compared to other states, this state will offer as much assistance as necessary. As a developing country, Nauru also looks to the United Nations to lend a helping hand in our development process. Despite consistent cooperation with other countries, especially those in the west, Nauru's recent recognition of the People's Republic of China shows our willingness towards multilateral cooperation and support. | |
| Country: | Nepal |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| We support efforts made by the United Nations and the international community at large in
advancing toward the Sustainable Development Goal 2: Zero Hunger. As a lower middle-
income country heavily reliant on agriculture, we appreciate the ongoing support from our
worldwide partners and non-governmental organizations in assisting us to achieve SDG 2.
We commend the unanimous adoption in 2023 of resolution A/RES/78/144, titled
"Agricultural technology for sustainable development" and resolution A/RES/78/168, titled
"Agriculture development, food security and nutrition." These resolutions call for urgent
global efforts to address food insecurity and malnutrition while promoting sustainable
agriculture development in the face of conflicts and climate change.
To that end, we call upon the General Assembly to further strengthen its commitment to small-scale farmers, particularly in developing countries, through increased financial support and access to sustainable agricultural technologies. We emphasize the importance of empowering smallholder farmers with the tools and resources necessary to enhance productivity, build resilience against climate shocks, and ensure local food security. As a delegation, we believe that improving small-scale agriculture should be a top priority for achieving SDG 2, as it directly addresses poverty, malnutrition, and gender disparities, all while contributing to more resilient food systems. We remain committed to contributing to these global efforts and stand ready to collaborate with like-minded nations. We encourage further dialogue on how sustainable agricultural technology can be shared across borders and how international funding mechanisms can better serve low-income and climate-vulnerable countries. We look forward to cooperating with other Member States, both from the Global North and Global South, as well as relevant organizations to advance these critical initiatives. | |
| Country: | Nepal |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Middle-income countries (MICs) are reliant on external funds to meet their development
needs and avoid the middle-income trap- a situation of stagnant growth that prevents
progress toward high-income status. As a lower-middle income country, we encourage
continued support from the international community to promote sustained growth and
structural transformation. We strongly endorse efforts that aid MICs in avoiding the middle-
income trap, such as the SDG Stimulus package and the unanimous adoption of
A/RES/76/215 in 2021, titled "Development cooperation with middle-income countries".
To encourage sustained cooperation, we call upon the General Assembly to ensure the provision of continuous sources of funding that cater to each country's requirements. We also advocate for efforts towards South-South and North-South development cooperation to promote the transfer of financial, technical, and technological resources between Member States. As the chair of the Least-Developed Countries Group (LDCs), Nepal strongly supports implementing the Doha Program of Action into all UN development initiatives. This program is imperative for addressing the unique challenges of each MIC through prioritizing a multidimensional development approach, capacity-building, and international partnerships. The Doha Program highlights six key areas of focus for development, providing strong focus and foundation for the UN to promote growth and prevent countries from falling into the middle-income trap. We are interested in collaborating with other MICs and LDCs along with the Global North to help guide strategies on institutional strengthening and financial management. Through such partnerships, we aim to pass resolutions that focus on advancing long-term economic growth and resource sharing within the developing world. | |
| Country: | Netherlands |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The Netherlands is a global leader in agriculture, but its intensive farming activities, especially livestock farming, have a significant impact on the environment. Agriculture contributes substantially to the Dutch economy, but addressing its environmental impact is essential for sustainable growth. The Dutch government is committed to transitioning to a biobased economy by 2030, aligned with SDG 13 (Climate Action). This transition reduces agriculture's carbon footprint to mitigate climate change. Biomass technologies contribute to SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) by reducing water pollutants. The Netherlands urges the UN to promote biomass technologies globally, which help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and provide cost-effective solutions for farmers. Sustainable farming practices through these innovations will alleviate financial pressures, support livelihoods, and achieve long-term environmental goals. By 2030, the Netherlands targets sustainable use of 8 million hectares to support these. The Netherlands is committed to addressing global food security and nutrition. Over 20.8 million people, mainly children, have benefited from Dutch-funded programs, reducing malnutrition and improving nutrient intake. By 2030, the Netherlands aims to end malnutrition for 32 million people, doubling productivity and income for 8 million small-scale food producers. This supports SDG 1 (No Poverty) and SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities). The Netherlands proposes a two-pronged strategy to tackle food security and nutrition. First, it increases access to fortified foods and improves nutrient intake through large-scale nutrition programs. Second, by supporting small- scale farmers in productivity and resilience, the Netherlands strengthens food systems to ensure security for vulnerable populations. | |
| Country: | Netherlands |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The Netherlands recognizes the importance of working closely with middle-income countries (MICs) to ensure sustainable development and address shared challenges. Middle-income countries face unique challenges, including inequality, environmental degradation, and the need for technological innovation to maintain economic growth. Though they have made significant progress, they often struggle with poverty, limited access to resources, and vulnerability to global economic fluctuations. The Netherlands' strategy for development cooperation with MICs focuses on reducing inequality (SDG 10), promoting sustainable economic growth (SDG 8), and fostering innovation and technological transfer to build resilient economies (SDG 9). By supporting MICs through tailored programs, the Netherlands aims to strengthen these nations' capacity for innovation while addressing poverty and inequality. Programs include enhancing agricultural productivity, improving infrastructure, and boosting access to clean energy and water, aligned with SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation). The Netherlands encourages the UN to prioritize cooperation with MICs by providing technical assistance, capacity-building, and investments in green technologies. By fostering innovation and sustainable development in MICs, the global community can help reduce inequality and create more resilient economies capable of adapting to future challenges. Collaboration with MICs is essential for ensuring that progress is made in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. The Netherlands is dedicated to advancing innovative agricultural practices and sustainable development strategies that align with multiple SDGs, including SDG 1 (No Poverty), SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being), SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities), and SDG 13 (Climate Action). By promoting biomass technologies, sustainable farming practices, and development cooperation with middle-income countries, the Netherlands aims to collaborate with the UN and international partners to achieve global food security, poverty reduction, and environmental sustainability. | |
| Country: | New Zealand |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| New Zealand is committed to addressing agriculture development and food security, recognizing their crucial roles in global stability and sustainable growth. The country's agricultural sector is a vital part of its economy, and with 41% of its energy sourced from renewables, New Zealand emphasizes balancing environmental protection with food production. The global food crisis, affecting 2.4 billion people, demands urgent action. New Zealand stresses that sustainable agricultural practices are essential to ensure the resilience of food systems and urges other nations to recognize food security as a priority. New Zealand has taken significant steps to promote sustainable agriculture and food security domestically and internationally. The Government Industry Agreement and He Waka Eke Noa address biosecurity and emissions in agriculture, fostering collaboration between the government and private sectors to create transparent and sustainable farming practices. The New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme further drives the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and promotes sustainable land use. These initiatives aim to protect the agricultural sector from environmental threats and ensure its long-term resilience. Internationally, New Zealand contributes to global efforts through partnerships with organizations like the World Food Programme, supporting agricultural development projects in regions such as Rwanda. The Sustainable Food & Fibre Futures initiative funds projects to advance sustainable farming practices, locally and abroad, focusing on aiding smallholder farmers and improving food production methods. These efforts align with the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly Goal 2 (Zero Hunger), and reflect New Zealand's commitment to sustainable and inclusive agricultural practices. To strengthen global food security, New Zealand calls for increased international cooperation through UN partnerships and collaboration, particularly in regions most affected by Hunger. It advocates for holistic agrifood policies integrating economic resilience with environmental sustainability, ensuring food systems adapt to climate challenges. New Zealand urges member states to prioritize agricultural innovation and capacity-building investment. Additionally, New Zealand emphasizes the need for data- driven policies to guide agrarian development. It calls for more financial support for initiatives like the World Food Programme and the International Fund for Agricultural Development. New Zealand aims to contribute to a more resilient and food-secure world by enhancing global partnerships and promoting sustainable agricultural practices. | |
| Country: | New Zealand |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| New Zealand recognizes the pivotal role middle-income countries (MICs) play in global development, accounting for one-third of the world's GDP, 75% of the population, and 62% of people living in poverty. MICs often face the "middle-income trap," where early growth stagnates due to a lack of new economic drivers. Addressing this challenge is crucial for global stability and sustainable development. For New Zealand, supporting MICs, especially in the Pacific region, is aligned with its commitment to fairness and sustainable development, given their shared vulnerabilities to economic shocks and climate change. The international community must prioritize MICs to foster inclusive growth and meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). New Zealand actively engages with MICs through the Pacific Reset Strategy, focusing on economic resilience, infrastructure development, and climate change mitigation. The New Zealand Aid Programme delivers support tailored to Pacific nations, ensuring sustainable development aligns with the unique needs of each country. In 2023, New Zealand's Official Development Assistance (ODA) reached USD 746.4 million, a 41.3% increase from the previous year. The Sustainable Food & Fibre Futures initiative supports agricultural sustainability projects across the Pacific, while partnerships with the World Bank, such as the PNG and Pacific Islands Umbrella Facility, expand access to essential services for underserved communities. New Zealand calls for enhanced UN partnerships and increased financing for sustainable development initiatives. It supports policies that promote economic diversification and capacity building in MICs to break the "middle- income trap." New Zealand also advocates Comprehensive Wealth Measures that go beyond GDP to assess development progress, encouraging countries to invest in long- term growth. New Zealand recommends prioritizing climate adaptation and infrastructure projects that bolster resilience, especially in small island developing states. It urges other nations to adopt fair trade policies that support sustainable economic growth in MICs. The global community can advance a more equitable and sustainable agenda by fostering solid international partnerships and adapting strategies. | |
| Country: | Nigeria |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The Federal Republic of Nigeria recognizes the importance of the agricultural sector to its
economy, as well as the necessity to improve nutrition and food security. The Delegation of
Nigeria believes that agricultural development is crucial for economic diversification and
serves as a catalyst to move national agriculture from subsistence to large-scale production.
Following the first oil boom in 1973, when large oil reserves were discovered and oil exports
drove the country's economy, the agricultural sector was greatly neglected, and production
declined. As oil prices dropped, Nigeria became dependent on food imports, which contributed
to rising malnutrition and food insecurity.
Nowadays, the Federal Republic of Nigeria faces significant challenges in ensuring food security. Because of a significant increase in food prices, climate change, domestic conflict, and economic crises have exacerbated the issue. Over 31 million Nigerians are expected to experience hunger by August 2024, severely impacting malnutrition rates and consequently leading to food insecurity. In response, national policies including nutrition programs, and agricultural and food security initiatives had been launched by the federal government. These initiatives rose as methods to help eradicate malnutrition and encourage families to produce their food. These measures included the National Agricultural Investment Plan (NAIP), the Agricultural Promotion Policy (APP), and the National Strategic Plan of Action for Nutrition (NSPAN). Partnering with the World Food Programme, these measures were created aiming to reduce the national underproduction of crops and the malnutrition and food insecurity problems that result from the lack of production and other economic deficits. To address the ongoing challenges, the Delegation of Nigeria urges the establishment of an international program focused on climate-smart agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa. This program would assist countries whose agricultural productions have been impacted by climate change, allowing them to redesign their economies to be more sustainable and self-sufficient. The Federal Republic of Nigeria remains committed to collaborating with international actors to strengthen the agricultural system, improve nutrition, and ensure food security for all its citizens. | |
| Country: | Nigeria |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Nigeria believes Middle-Income Countries (MICs) serve an integral role in the future of our
ever changing world. As a MIC, Nigeria will serve as a useful liaison between Africa and the
rest of the world, considering our good-standing relationships globally. Our placement within
the world gives us the ability to facilitate diplomatic relations effectively.
In order to escape the middle income trap, focus must be placed on innovation in order to foster economic growth and diversification so MICs are able to reduce poverty, invest in education, infrastructure, etc. This will increase the self-reliance of MICs, but first MICs and high income countries must cooperate with one another to achieve these goals. The delegation of Nigeria are advocates of the South-South and Triangular Cooperation and hope to see the sharing of knowledge, technology, and various practices among southern member states. Furthermore, Nigeria advocates for North-South cooperation and urges developed nations to be generous in aid, in any form, to less favored countries in their time of need. The Federal Republic of Nigeria calls on high income countries within the United Nations to work in cooperation with other middle and low income countries in order to evoke lasting development change across the globe. Nigeria calls to strengthen the development network of the United Nations as outlined in the "Challenges for Sustainable Development and International Cooperation in Middle-Income Countries: The Role of Networks for Prosperity", to allow for middle income countries to be recognized and have a voice in global decision making. These are the first steps in solving the middle income trap that plagues nearly all MICs and creating a more diverse and sustainable global economy. | |
| Country: | Norway |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| As a state committed to sustainability and equitable development, Norway recognizes the critical role IFAD (International Fund for Agricultural Development) plays in securing food systems, improving nutrition, and advancing agricultural development globally. With the growing challenges of climate change, food insecurity, and rural poverty, IFAD's mission remains essential. We call on the international community to strengthen their commitment to supporting IFAD's work by increasing their financial contributions to IFAD and empowering smallholder farmers, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The IFAD's work in improving irrigation systems and infrastructure is essential to helping communities increase agricultural productivity despite a changing climate. We must act with urgency and solidarity to fulfill the vision of a world where no one suffers from hunger. Let us hold ourselves accountable to future generations by ensuring that the global agricultural system is not only productive but also just, inclusive, and resilient. | |
| Country: | Norway |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| As the world adjusts to the undeniable reality of climate change, we recognize the consequences of oil and gas exploitation and the emittance of carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide. We endorse the climate goals set by the Paris Agreement to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, and we support the deployment of Carbon Capture Storage (CCS) projects to combat climate change globally. Studies show CCS's capacity to lower costs, enhance storage, and capture a significant amount (up to 90%) of industrial CO? emissions. Norway's successful CCS projects, such as Sleipner and Northern Lights, illustrate that this technology can be both practical and impactful. While certain states are currently implementing CCS, we acknowledge that middle income countries often lack the financial resources and technological infrastructure to aid in mitigating the effects of climate change. Therefore, we call upon the states currently at the forefront of CCS efforts to assist in the development and funding for middle-income countries facing challenges in adopting this technology. We encourage all states to assess their capacity for CCS and to invest in the necessary research and infrastructure to support its broader implementation across the globe. Let us unite in our efforts to foster a healthier global climate, holding each other accountable as we work towards a sustainable future. | |
| Country: | Pakistan |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Food insecurity affects approximately 2.4 billion people globally, with over 3 billion unable
to afford nutritious food due to rising costs. Despite progress in reducing
undernourishment, economic slowdowns, armed conflicts, and disease outbreaks have
hindered global advancements. Established in 1945, the United Nations Food and
Agriculture Organization (FAO) promotes research and technology in agriculture, while
initiatives like the World Food Programme (WFP) and the International Fund for
Agricultural Development (IFAD) have aimed to bolster food production and nutritional
levels in developing countries. The 1974 Universal Declaration on the Eradication of
Hunger and Malnutrition recognized the negative impact of food gaps on economic
development and underscored the importance of meeting food needs for sustainable
growth. Although undernourishment in developing countries decreased significantly by
2014, the number of people facing acute food insecurity has surged, nearly doubling
between 2016 and 2023, largely due to conflicts, extreme weather, and economic shocks.
This persistent rise has eroded previous progress, prompting the FAO to call for a
renewed commitment to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 2 (SDG 2) by 2030,
which aims to end hunger and promote sustainable agriculture.
Agriculture is vital to Pakistan and our economy. Pakistan prioritizes agriculture as a key pillar of its food security strategy. We aim to achieve self-sufficiency in major crops like wheat and rice through sustainable development of the agricultural sector, while also acknowledging the need to address challenges like climate change, water scarcity, and equitable food access for all citizens; the government has implemented a National Food Security Policy to guide these efforts. The National Food Security Policy focuses on building an innovation-based sustainable agriculture sector, using public investment to improve the profitability of agriculture, and ensuring food security and freedom from hunger by 2030. Pakistan spends 0.18% of agricultural GDP which may be considered lower than other countries. We aim to increase this percentage soon so the economy can grow through agriculture. Pakistan has a dedicated policy to address food security concerns by enhancing food availability, accessibility, utilization, and stability through sustainable agricultural practices. Recognizing the threat of climate change, Pakistan is actively developing climate-resilient agricultural practices to mitigate its impact on food production. | |
| Country: | Pakistan |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| A middle-income country (MIC) is defined as a nation with a gross national income
ranging from $1,136 to $13,845 per capita, with 108 MICs as of July 2023. MICs often
overlap with other classifications, such as least developed countries (LDCs) and small
island developing states, and can move in and out of this classification. The United
Nations has long emphasized economic development and cooperation, declaring the
1960s as the Development Decade to support less developed nations, leading to
initiatives like the Buenos Aires Plan of Action in 1978, which aimed to enhance self-
reliance and communication among developing countries. Despite these efforts, some
nations faced economic stagnation, prompting discussions on specific needs, resulting in
the Challenges for Sustainable Development and International Cooperation declaration
that urged a new framework recognizing the diversity of MICs. The Covid-19 pandemic
further disrupted global economies, leading to the establishment of the Covid-19
Response and Recovery Fund to aid MICs. To combat ongoing issues like natural disasters
and economic hardships, long-term financing initiatives such as the SDG Stimulus aim to
improve investment access.
Pakistan accepts the title of a middle-income country (MIC), while the World Bank officially coins the term for our country. We are eager to participate in the plans for the development of MICs as we hope to become one by 2030. A significant proportion of our population lives below the poverty line, with 24.3% of the population being affected by poverty. Pakistan's long-term development strategy, Vision 2025, aims to make Pakistan one of the world's ten largest economies by 2047. The strategy is aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Pakistan's middle class has been growing rapidly, with the number of middle-class individuals increasing by an average of 16.2% per year between 1999 and 2018. Our Shaping the Future report outlines actions Pakistan can take to become an upper-middle-income country by 2047. Based on this report we wish to increase investment, improve education and health, and transform the economy. | |
| Country: | Paraguay |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Food security is paramount to the success of all nations worldwide. Adhering to the 2030
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), we emphasize food security domestically and globally.
We emphasize the 2030 SDGs: zero hunger, responsible consumption and production, decent
work, and economic growth. Specifically, we are actively involved in fulfilling SDG Goal 2, which
promises zero hunger by 2030. As an export country, sustainable agricultural processes are
integral to our economy. We are uniquely qualified to understand the challenges other Member
States face in developing their agricultural sector. We advocate for suitable international
technology transfer and intellectual property liberation agreements.
Furthermore, we are a party to the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. We also encourage all countries to support a transition to clean, green, and renewable energy sources. This is in accordance with SDG 12 and our approach to SDG 9. We consistently work with organizations such as the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) to advocate for research and development into sustainable farming practices. We also support the funding of the World Bank and International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) in their proliferation of global sustainable development and hunger reduction programs. We challenge all countries to play their role in ensuring SDG 2 is met by 2030. We want to collaborate with like-minded states looking to end world hunger per SDG 2, lower the cost of nutritious foods, and increase access to them. We also seek to build bridges between developing and developed countries to seek international agreements protecting small farmers and championing sustainable development in the agricultural sector.? | |
| Country: | Paraguay |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Paraguay is a middle-income country solidly in the middle of the bridge between both
economic
worlds. We understand the plight of underdeveloped countries and seek methods to join the
ranks of the world's richest. We implore all developed countries to engage in technology
transfer,
which will further the development of all Member States. As a supporter of the 2030
Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs), we are committed to advancing these goals. We are committed
to
SDG 10, which focuses on reducing inequality between countries, and SDG 9, which focuses
on
industry, innovation, and infrastructure.
We highlight cooperations such as the South-South and Triangular cooperation that provide middle-income countries with significant financial and technological assistance. We work with Numerous United Nations programs and special agencies to help all countries achieve the goals set out in the 2030 Agenda, highlighting SDG 9 and SDG 10. To name a few of these special agencies and programs: Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). These special agencies constitute a portion of the overwhelming effect, attention, and dedication from the United Nations to instill sustainable climate development. We encourage highly developed countries to help middle-income countries achieve the goals listed in the 2030 Agenda. Continually, we recognize the importance of pollution abatement and understand that development goals should not happen at the expense of worsening climate change. We look to cooperate with all member states to strive to accomplish SDGs 9 and 10 and to reduce global economic disparities. | |
| Country: | Peru |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| There is now an international crisis of nutritional availability and food affordability. Nearly 40% of the world's population is unable to afford a healthy diet, including one in five Peruvians. The UN has long been at the forefront of the fight to feed the world, establishing the Food and Agricultural Organization in 1945, founding the World Food Program in 1963, hosting the World Food Conferences, creating the International Fund for Agricultural Development in 1976, and the Millennium and Sustainable development goals. And yet hunger and poor nutrition persist, thus something must change: Agricultural subsidies must no longer be lavished on the producers of unhealthy, over consumed crops like Corn, Wheat, and Rice. Protectionism and Mercantilism should no longer dominate the global food trade, propping up inefficient, unproductive, and politically connected farmers at the expense of the world's poorest. As the great Peruvian economist, Hernando De Soto, has said legal reforms must ensure that small, politically unconnected, farmers are made secure in their property, providing them with the collateral to secure the necessary loans to expand their productive capacity, and protecting them from the whims of capricious elites and corrupt governments. To achieve this the UN should craft a basic agricultural legal reform package, and then provide assistance in implementing said reforms on request to nations seeking to improve their agricultural sectors, similarly to how technical aid was given during the development decade. Additionally, governments should cooperate with farmers, the private sector, and NGOs to create and spread improved agricultural technologies and practices, as Peru has successfully done with our National Institute for Agricultural Innovation. By cooperating to implement these measures, in all our nations, we can conquer the forces of poor nutrition and hunger, create a dynamic and vibrant global market for our farmers and their products, and vastly improve the health, nutrition, and livelihoods of the global poor. | |
| Country: | Peru |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| There is an international crisis of economic development and poverty reduction in middle
income countries (MICs). Nearly 26% of Peru's population lives below the national poverty
line of $5.12 per day, up from 20% before the pandemic. The UN has long been at the
forefront of global development efforts, establishing various programs and goals, including
the Sustainable Development Goals. And yet poverty and economic instability persist, thus
something must change: Development cooperation must no longer focus solely on low-
income countries, neglecting the unique challenges faced by MICs. Economic policies should
no longer prioritize short-term gains at the expense of long-term development and poverty
reduction. In MICs, legal and economic reforms must ensure that the benefits of growth
reach all segments of society, providing opportunities for the poorest to secure better
livelihoods and contribute to economic expansion. While high income countries must further
open their economies to trade from the developing world. Additionally, governments should
cooperate with the private sector, international organizations, and NGOs to create and
implement innovative solutions for sustainable economic growth, especially in developing
fields like Eco-Tourism.
The UN must also combat the disproportionate impact of global crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, on MICs which has caused the global economy to be left trillions behind in projected GDP and driven up poverty rates around the globe. The UN should create a basic economic reform program, similar to the Washington Consensus, and then, similarly to the technical assistance it has supplied to developing countries in the past, assist in the implementation and tweaking of the reforms to best fit the nation's requesting assistance. Additionally the UN should host a convention on global trade to pressure high-income countries to agree to abolish trade barriers against middle and low income countries. By cooperating to implement these measures in all our nations, we can overcome the forces of economic instability and poverty, create dynamic and resilient economies in MICs, and vastly improve the livelihoods of millions. This approach will not only benefit MICs but contribute to global economic stability and progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals. | |
| Country: | Philippines |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| One of the biggest threats to agricultural development and food security is climate change. The Republic of the Philippines advocates for continued investment by Member States in programs such as the Green Climate Fund to promote climate resilient agriculture and support vulnerable farmers. The Philippines recognizes the importance of expanding outreach to rural smallholder farms through programs such as Farmer Field Schools and teaching techniques such as integrated pest management and agroforestry. It is also essential to expand technological capacities in order to deliver up to date climate information to all farmers. While we strive to improve the resilience of our current agricultural systems, we must also ensure that those affected by increasingly common extreme weather events and natural disasters will retain access to food. The Philippines calls upon Member States to direct special attention to the impacts of climate change on local and global food systems and to recognize the necessity of programs such as the Food Assistance for Assets initiative that provide food security during emergencies. Beyond the current and future threats of climate change to the global food crisis, the Philippines is also concerned by the decrease in funding of World Food Programme initiatives such as the Global School Meals Coalition. The combination of high rates of hunger globally and a lack of investment into programs that could be providing life-saving assistance is very troubling. With this as a backdrop, the delegation from the Philippines would like to draw attention to the nearing of the end of the United Nations Decade of Action on Nutrition (2016- 2025) and urge Member States to reaffirm their commitment to meeting Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 by 2030. We must rise to the challenge and take immediate action to develop sustainable, climate-smart agricultural systems capable of providing nutritious food to our growing global community. | |
| Country: | Philippines |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| When it comes to promoting sustainable development, it is essential to consider how to do so equitably. Severe debt affects low and middle-income countries substantially more than it does high-income countries. The Republic of the Philippines urges Member States to support the expansion of critically needed debt relief for low and middle-income countries through green debt restructuring, reforms in long-term financing, and increased investment in the World Bank's International Development Fund. Additionally, the Philippines believes that the proposed Sustainable Development Goal stimulus package is necessary to providing countries in the Global South with the opportunity to reach the SDGs by 2030, considering their higher vulnerability to economic shocks due to conflict and natural disasters. In accordance with equitable treatment, we must consider the ways in which the economies of middle-income countries are unique from those of high-income. Remittances are highly important to many such economies; however, they are often subject to exorbitant fees. The Philippines encourages Member States to recognize the significance of remittances to middle-income countries and work to reduce fees to the target rate of 3 percent set by SDG 10. Additionally, middle-income countries often struggle to remain competitive in a dynamic and volatile economy, unable to match either the technological advancement of high-income countries or the low-cost labor that low-income countries are able to offer. The Covid-19 pandemic rapidly accelerated the digitization of our world and further illuminated the uneven technological development across developing and developed states. The Philippines stresses the importance of addressing the digital divide as part of a holistic development strategy to improving economic competitiveness of states in the Global South. Other challenges to development often faced by middle-income countries are threats due to conflict and natural disasters. The Philippines recognizes this impediment and is committed to increasing its participation in UN Peacekeeping. Accounting for the diverse strengths and weaknesses of middle-income countries is crucial to achieving sustainable development globally. | |
| Country: | Poland |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Agricultural development, nutrition, and food security are essential for survival and well- being, yet approximately 900 million people experience food insecurity. Much of this issue can be traced to limited market access for small-scale farmers and a lack of diverse farming. A review of 46 studies from developing countries found that diverse agricultural production helps enhance dietary diversity and nutrition, especially among smallholder households. Small farmers also directly combat food insecurity by providing fresh and nutritious diets to their communities. Recognizing these contributions, the UN has taken measures such as the Sustainable Development Goals, notably SDGs 2, 12, 13, and 15, to address this problem. Poland supports these international efforts and has contributed 3.9 million dollars to UN agencies such as the Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Food Programme. Despite these efforts, these organizations remain overburdened, with significant gaps in resources and coordination, especially in reaching the most vulnerable farming communities. In addition to its international contributions, Poland has also made national efforts such as the Strategic Plan for the Common Agricultural Policy, supporting local farmers and ensuring a stable food supply. Poland's Agency for Restructuring and Modernization of Agriculture helps distribute funds to Local Action Groups and modernizes agricultural practices through plans such as the Liaison Entre Actions de Developpement de l'Economie Rurale program. Poland believes that there should be two steps in acting against this problem. First, there should be global market access for small farmers. This allows fair trade opportunities and strengthens competition in international markets, improving the livelihoods of small farmers. Plus, this increases food availability globally. Second, promoting crop diversification reduces the risks posed by farming strategies like monocultural planting. A myriad of crops would not only boost food security but also protect biodiversity and soil health. Poland asks the international community to prompt farmers to adopt diverse agricultural strategies and reduce reliance on single crops. These two steps would help ensure sustainable farming practices, protect the long-term viability of agricultural land, and increase nutritional diversity. | |
| Country: | Poland |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Over 5.5 billion people live in middle-income countries worldwide and are affected by food insecurity, climate, geopolitical tensions, sovereign debt burdens, and the cost of living. The United Nations has been active in addressing this problem in the past with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development which strives to increase international support for middle- income countries. Poland has supported the work that has been done in the past by adopting the Multiannual Development Cooperation Programme, ratifying the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development., and has taken steps domestically to address these issues by increasing the Official Development Assistance to .33 percent of the gross national income by 2030 in addition to the Development Cooperation Act of 2011. However, global efforts to address this problem have been ineffective and more needs to be done as the global community needs a sustainable and safe world. Poland recommends that the following steps be taken to address this problem: First increasing contribution funding from high- income member countries for middle-income countries in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Second, cooperation between nations with accountability and human rights- based approach for development cooperation to provide sustainable development within middle-income countries. | |
| Country: | Qatar |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The nation of Qatar notes that food insecurity is a major global issue that impacts roughly 2.4 billion people and has left over 3 billion people with an inability to afford nutritious food. Recent factors such as economic slowdowns, global conflicts, and diseases have hindered progress in solving this issue. Considering the rapid growth of the world's population, there must be innovation in the agrifood industry to improve the state of this issue. We firmly believe that there must be something done to rectify this issue. We emphasize the need for integrated policies that consider environmental sustainability while ensuring food security. It is also suggested that technological advancements and efficient resource management are crucial for achieving long-term self-sufficiency goals. Qatar is additionally seeking to solve food inequality and is hoping to guide other dry land nations that face food supply issues. We seek to do this by utilizing the Qatar National Food Security Programme (QNFSP) to develop renewable energy, invest in new technologies that manages decreasing water supplies, develop new and efficient agricultural policies, and create a food industry that can lengthen the longevity of food products as well as allow them to tap into international markets. By taking all of these steps and making a conscious, united effort, we implore all the other nations to join us in eliminating food insecurity across the world. | |
| Country: | Qatar |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| We firmly believe in the importance of development and cooperation with middle income countries rooted in fostering global stability, promoting growth, and enhancing our diplomatic relations with other countries. As a wealthy country, we understand the importance of aiding others and it aligns with our goals so that we can foster relations with countries which allows for diversified trade and provides us with more political cooperation. We are deeply committed to humanitarian aid, helping those affected by crises such as wars and natural disasters, while adhering to principles of impartiality and neutrality. We have significantly expanded global aid efforts, donating $6.75 billion to over 100 countries from 2012 to 2019, with a strong focus on education, youth development, and countering extremism. In recent years, Qatar pledged $500 million to UN programs, became the 6th largest UN donor, and continued its support during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also contribute to the World Bank's Trust Fund for education through the Qatar foundation which enhances financial support for development projects in middle income countries. We also aim to diversify our economy by supporting middle income countries. We make investments in countries with opportunities on infrastructure, technology, and renewable energy so that our economy is diversified, but that we also are supporting countries in need. We strive to be humanitarian by supporting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and by giving direct aid via the Qatar Fund for Development (QFFD). Our plethora of programs that support eye care, orphans in Gaza, and aid to help women in conflict zones further shows out passion for humanitarianism and our support of developing middle income countries. | |
| Country: | Republic of Korea |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| A heavily industrialized country with very limited farmable land faces a plethora of
challenges
involving agriculture, food security, and nutrition. Agriculture contributes a modest percentage
to the GDP (2% in recent years). With these challenges in mind, the spotlight is shone on
creating
a more sustainable and secure agricultural sector which will ultimately produce a more
bountiful
crop, stable food production, and allows the population to receive better nutrition.
When discussing agriculture development, the country has welcomed technology first farming with open arms. This includes: smart farming, biotechnology to help yield more from vast farmland, and automation. It is also a huge proprietor of vertical farming, and precision/greenhouse farming. These methods are also proven to help produce a bountiful yield. Adding onto their strong support, there is a large call to focus on rural development. Having initiatives that help moderate techniques for farmers, and supporting the livelihood of farmers as they have cut down on usage of pesticides and other harmful chemicals. The focus on food security is a very important topic due to the countries' large dependence on imported food. 70% of food is imported for consumption (specifically grains) which triggers the necessity for a diverse array of food import sources to help close the gap for vulnerability. To strengthen food security, investments have been made in global agricultural projects, creating a secure supply of the most essential crops. As a last layer of protection, collections of staple foods like rice are kept in case of supply chain issues. There has even been tremendous progress made when it comes to improving nutrition. The government recommends balanced and nutritious meals through the public school system. The government also makes sure that all students can reap the benefits of proper nutrition by implementing feeding programs. The goal of every country is to ensure the wellbeing of their citizens, and through the active initiatives that we are taking to help food security, citizens can sleep at night knowing that they have access to whole foods at any time. | |
| Country: | Republic of Korea |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Middle income countries (MICs) face significant challenges despite their economic growth.
With a
gross national income between $1,136 and $13,845 per person, these countries house a large
portion of the world's population and the majority of its poor. Many MICs struggle with issues
like
inequality, environmental problems, and slow economic growth, which can lead to what's
known as
the "middle income trap." This happens when countries can't find new ways to grow and
improve
living conditions for their citizens.
In the 1960s, the UN declared this decade to promote economic growth in developing countries, encouraging industrialization and better trade. Later, in 1978, the UN focused on helping developing countries work together to share knowledge and resources, aiming to strengthen their self- reliance. When the COVID-19 pandemic hit, the UN launched a fund to help MICs recover by supporting local businesses and providing necessary equipment. To address these challenges, it's important to recognize that MICs still need support. The United Nations has emphasized the importance of cooperation and tailored assistance for these countries. Initiatives like the SDG Stimulus can help by providing long-term financing, making it easier for MICs to invest in development and manage debt. In addition, engaging MICs in global decision-making is very important. By treating them as partners instead of just receiving aid, we can ensure that their unique needs and challenges are addressed. Sharing knowledge among MICs can help them learn from one another and find effective solutions. Using Comprehensive Wealth Measures can provide a better understanding of a country's development overall. This approach can help look beyond just income to consider natural resources and human capital, helping to predict future economic trends. In summary, supporting middle- income countries involves recognizing ongoing challenges, providing flexible financial assistance, fostering cooperation, and using better ways to measure progress. By incorporating these steps, MICs can be helped by achieving sustainable growth and improving the lives of their citizens. | |
| Country: | Romania |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| i. Agriculture development, food security, and nutrition
Amidst the vast array of issues the modern world continues to face, food security remains a steadfast dilemma. Ensuring the quantity and quality of nutritious sustenance for all has proven difficult in recent years with an influx of demand and volatile supply. These issues are exacerbated by domestic and foreign economic, armed, and political conflicts that act as catalysts, kick-starting large migrations of refugees. This includes those seeking asylum during wartime as well as those seeking greater economic opportunities, increased foreign interaction either for monetary gain or diplomacy, and further technological advancements. An influx of displaced people places stress on already fragile systems. All these factors culminate in an unstable environment where the volatility of agricultural ventures jeopardizes attempts at the current and future stabilization of global food security as well as widen economic disparities negatively impacting the average quality of life. As a state containing a large population of agricultural workers- including subsistence farmers and commercially owned farms- we aim to ensure the competent and reliable production, harvesting, and provision of foodstuffs as well as the future of sustainable and profitable agricultural practices. By incentivising the incorporation of sustainable practices, particularly those that bring with them the added benefit of ensuring crops higher in quality. We hope to achieve a reliably funded and cooperative system built on a global scale that is supported by all member states, and that aims to accomplish the goals outlined in the 2030 Agenda and CAP Strategic Plan. With the help of member states, we aim to build a robust agricultural sector that significantly increases the viability of all agricultural ventures, both smaller and larger commercial entities. We call on member states to encourage the opening of an internationally interconnected system that expands economic avenues for both smaller subsistence farmers and larger corporate entities in an effort to promote sustainable business practices, quality foodstuffs, and stimulate the agricultural workforce. These actions supporting local and small-scale agriculture would also serve to decrease the monetary and opportunity disparity between urban and rural areas. It is our belief that these measures would work towards the goal of ending hunger internationally within our lifetimes. | |
| Country: | Romania |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| ii. Development cooperation with middle-income countries
It has recently become clear to the global community that the transition from middle- income to high-income status can become a pitfall for many countries. The difficulties of progressing into the most advanced levels of industry can threaten to slow a state's economic development and bar them from the highest financial echelons. However, as a state that recently transitioned from middle income to high income status, it is our strong belief that the stagnation referred to as the Middle Income Trap is avoidable. Through our recent economic development while entering the European Union, it has become clear to us that improving economic policies and adapting industrial capacities can provide the stimulus needed to propel a country past middle-income level. This is a belief that we have already begun to act on, making regular contributions to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in order to assist other countries in their growth. However, middle-income countries can only progress with the assistance of the international community. Therefore, we call on the member states of the United Nations to create programs that would enable and incentivize countries to adopt improved economic policies. These include opening their domestic markets to competition, introducing regulations to strengthen their economies, developing infrastructure for material and human capital, disempowering corruption, and supporting the creation of new and competitive industries within their borders. While we recognize the different situations facing each state, it is our belief that these policies are indispensable tools for the development of all states. The delegation of Romania further encourages the United Nations to consider methods to improve the inclusion of middle-income countries in intergovernmental organizations and welcome them into the global market. We believe that through these processes, states can create sustainable, independent growth that will benefit their economies and the welfare of the international community. | |
| Country: | Russian Federation |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The Russian Federation's position on global food security is highly focused on increased food production. Food insecurity was rampant in the Russian Federation in the 1990s due to a fall in livestock production. However, we have taken many steps since then to produce more agricultural products. In 2019, the Russian Federation was the world's third largest producer and largest exporter of wheat, as well as the largest producer of barley. Additionally, in 2018, the Russian Federation declared a $51 billion plan to increase domestic agricultural production. Producing enough food for a rapidly increasing world population is crucial to reducing global food insecurity. We must also enhance agricultural inputs to further contribute to food production. In 2013, the Russian Federation managed several federal programs granting subsidies to local equipment producers, increasing the amount of agricultural machinery from 2013 to 2019. These principles align with two of the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations, doubling agricultural productivity and increasing investment in agriculture. After having more success focusing on food production, we desire to continue promoting increased agricultural productivity. It is in the world's best interest for the United Nations to partner with us in taking the next steps towards improving global food security. | |
| Country: | Russian Federation |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The Russian Federation's position on supporting the development of middle-income countries directly correlates with our own values. The Russian Federation centers policies around people, their freedoms and rights, welfare, and quality of life. We highly value sustainable human development through private and public initiatives geared toward the development of health care systems and education, transport, social protection, and energy infrastructure. The Russian Federation has been an active donor for different countries, including ones affected by emergencies. The UNDP Russia Partnership includes more than 70 completed and occurring projects in 38 countries. Due to these actions, we believe that promoting sustainable development occurs when member states donate as much as they are able. Having a complete understanding of diverse challenges faced by middle-income countries is also a crucial step towards helping them, which is why our trust fund portfolio is specifically centered on gaining knowledge and expertise in developing countries. These trust funds include the ECA Statistical Capacity Building, Europe and Central Asia (ECA) Capacity Development Program, and Public Finance Management. Additionally, our long-term development policy has three key components concerning sustainable development, which are the social, economic, and environmental aspects. Therefore, when we support developing countries, we need to focus on the social and environmental factors, so we can further focus on that country's specific need rather than redefining the country. Overall, we need to actively donate and invest money in the development of middle-income countries, and we will support the other member states in doing so. | |
| Country: | Rwanda |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Guided by the Food and Agricultural Organization's (FAO) Global Strategic Framework for
Food Security & Nutrition's (GSF) four pillars of food security "availability, access, utilization,
and stability" the Republic of Rwanda has led multilateral initiatives through Rwanda's own
Strategy Support Program (Rwanda SSP) in conjunction with the USAID, the EU, the CGIAR
and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) to transform agricultural
advancement throughout the world. With agriculture accounting for 33% of total GDP and
72% of Rwanda's workforce, The Republic of Rwanda acknowledges the importance of
agriculture to not only developing Member States, but also those who lack adequate access
to sustainable nutrition. Rwanda has focused on the four pillars of the GSF since 2019,
specifically food availability and access, through Rwanda's own domestic and international
agendas in specifically targeting rural areas with high levels of poverty and food availability
by working alongside African Member States in the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture
Development Programme (CAADP) and WFP's School Feeding Programme.
The Republic of Rwanda has been recognized globally for its commitment towards the GSF's four pillars by strengthening its environmental resilience and food adequacy initiatives, yet the Republic of Rwanda notes that as of 2023, 828 million people critically lack basic food access due to affordability and ability of food. The Republic of Rwanda believes that action should take place to meet the GSF's four pillars of food security by leveraging these existing programmes alongside the FAO's Hand-in-Hand Initiative and with IFAD's funding and reporting specialist to enhance food availability in areas of need while reducing costs and inefficiencies generally associated with multi-program partnerships. Rwanda emphasizes that addressing inefficiencies commonly associated with complex, multi-partner programs will be essential to enhancing food availability, reducing costs, and streamlining efforts toward a more food-secure world. | |
| Country: | Rwanda |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Accelerating middle-income countries (MICs) has remained a challenging endeavor despite
various multilateral frameworks. With MICs occupying a unique space supported primarily
supported by south-south and triangular cooperation (SSTC) facilitated by ECOSOC and the
UNCTAD, they act as the backbone to the global economy. Accounting for 34% of the global
GDP, MICs play a crucial role when it comes to their say in international forums. However,
the Republic of Rwanda notes that in its own progress towards achieving MIC status in
Rwanda's Vision 2050 national development strategy has outlined the hardships Member
States in low-income brackets face when it comes to achieving that status. Specifically, the
complications that exist between SSTC development and cooperation. The UNDP's efforts
towards SSTC and the United Nations Office for South-South Cooperation's (UNOSSC)
Considerations for South-South and Triangular Cooperation Design, Implementation, and
Documentation project cycle, have been instrumental in guiding efforts for both MICs and
LLCs alike. Yet, the Republic of Rwanda recognizes that gaps still exist in terms of capacity
building, recourse allocation, and equitable access to technology transfers.
Programmes that focus on SSTC such as the UNOSSC's South-South Galaxy and UNIDO's South-South Cooperation Strategy both outline strategies to pursue the interests of low- and middle-income countries. As a G77 Member States, The Republic of Rwanda believes that focusing on the development of and impact of the Global Partnership for Effective Development Co-operation (GPEDC) and due to their strategies towards achieving the SDGs through financing for development by leading and supporting UN guided principles. The Republic of Rwanda believes that in order to increase the economic development of middle- income Member States, NGOs alongside UN bodies and programmes is crucial towards making rapid progress in areas of need rather than lengthy processes that are typical of multilateral work between UN subsidiaries. | |
| Country: | Saudi Arabia |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| With over two billion people suffering from food insecurity around the globe, the food crisis is far from over. The creation of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 1945 sparked international collaboration resulting in decades of committees, plans, declarations, and promises. Some were successful, such as the International Fund for Agriculture Development allocation of 23.2 billion USD in low-interest loans to accepting member states. Some made good progress but still fell short of their goals. For example, while 2014 saw a significant decline in undernourishment since 1990, the 1996 World Food Summit's goals of halving the world's proportion of people suffering from hunger by 2015 was not met. Current conflicts, climate change-induced weather disasters, and the COVID-19 pandemic have threatened the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of eradicating hunger by 2030. After analyzing nearly two decades worth of hunger-fighting strategies, we have found most success in developing region-specific plans to combat food insecurity on a case-by-case basis. In observance of the success of the Sahel Integrated Resilience Program, we would support increased funding for research projects in other regions to determine the exact causes of hunger, whether local corruption, lack of international support, climate change, etc. We thus support potential resolutions encouraging bottom-up aid solutions, facilitated by United Nations investment and research data. Finally, technological advances in water retention, irrigation, indoor farming, and other agricultural techniques significantly increase food production. Keeping in mind all countries struggling with drought or food production instability, we strongly encourage further investment into agricultural technological innovation and education. | |
| Country: | Saudi Arabia |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| As the world continues to grow and develop, it has been clear that a few countries have pulled ahead through various means while others have fallen behind. As the world becomes more interconnected through financial and trade networks, these economic rankings have become more cemented and less alterable. Very few countries have been able to break this mold and climb from a low or middle income country to a high income country, while many fall victim to the middle income trap. This is a problem as a stagnation of an economy leads to many issues, some being unemployment and a rapid use of natural resources. Due to this, we, Saudi Arabia, are committed to helping other countries break through the middle income trap. We believe that cooperation with neighboring countries, including increased trading, as well as infrastructure growth will not only benefit the participating countries, but also the surrounding region. | |
| Country: | Senegal |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The Republic of Senegal recognizes the importance of fostering agriculture development,
food security, and nutrition, especially in developing economies. Agriculture is a critical
instrument for economic growth and reducing poverty. However, as climate change
continues to change the dynamics of agriculture, bridging gaps in technology and
agricultural development has never been more important.
Senegal has a predominantly rural population, a large portion of which is reliant on subsistence agriculture. These subsistence farmers struggle to adapt to ever-changing climate conditions stemming from centuries of CO emissions. It is important to recognize who is responsible for climate change today. Developing countries do not have the funding, technology, or means to keep up with rapidly changing technology, including genetically modified seeds, to adapt to drastic changes in the climate. Furthermore, despite Senegals efforts to invest in its agricultural industries, the tremendous investment by large, developed countries into their agricultural sectors essentially makes it impossible for developing economies to be competitive in international markets. These subsidies crowd out domestic producers in the developing world, leading countries, such as Senegal, to run incredible trade deficits, further exacerbating developing countries ability to invest in their agricultural industry. The Republic of Senegal is determined to pursue practical, equitable, and tailorable solutions. Senegal seeks to work alongside a diverse group of member states to pursue resolutions that strengthen the voices of the developing world. Senegal seeks to be a voice for the greater developing world and apply its personal experiences to ensure equitable resolutions are met. | |
| Country: | Senegal |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The Republic of Senegal believes that to increase development cooperation with middle- income countries, it is imperative to recognize each states individuality. Every state is unique, meaning that each states journey of economic development must be approached with this in mind. For too long, the developed world has imposed what it believes to be the best model of development on the developing world. Although their intentions may be noble, these states and individuals often lack the knowledge of the individual, nuanced contexts of the states that they are trying to aid. Often, these models are based on the individual experiences of states in the late stages of development. However, these states developed decades ago in a vastly different world, and their experiences will not be the same as developing states today. No two countries experiences are the same, nor should they be, and it is vital to accept this as a fact. Beyond recognizing the distinctive experiences of each countrys development, it is important to recognize the lasting impacts of colonialism, especially on the African continent. Colonial policies decimated the African economy, turning African states into cash cows with no regard for setting up a sustainable economy. To this day, many African economies are still reliant on the toxic relationships between our precious resources and neocolonialist powers. Lastly, climate change disproportionately affects the global south, although it is the global north that has contributed to the overwhelming majority of carbon emissions. The Republic of Senegal is committed to solutions that will highlight the individuality of each states development process. Senegal seeks to strengthen the voice of middle-income countries, hold states accountable for the widespread repercussions of their actions, and enshrine autonomy of development. | |
| Country: | Slovenia |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The UN has paid close attention to agricultural development and food security in the past decade. The most recent State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World report laid out that 122 million people have fallen into hunger in the past year. It has emphasized that the efforts to create more sustainable food practices remains off track. While this latest report does illustrate key initiatives to solve the issues at hand, there has been no legitimate effort made by the UN to resolve these matters. No serious focus or effort has been devoted to the issue. Instead, the UN continues to talk around the issue of food security and suggest various frameworks and partnerships, rather than take action. Slovenia views agriculture and food security as essential components of economic development, especially in todays context of climate change's effects on food production. The country prioritizes sustainable farming practices and the quality of food, emphasizing that food security must address both availability and nutritional value. Slovenias Common Agricultural Policy adheres to EU standards by promoting sustainable land management, biodiversity, and a transition to green energy in agriculture. On the global stage, Slovenia is committed to assisting nations grappling with food insecurity with a multi-faceted approach. This includes sharing sustainable agricultural practices across countries. Support for smallholder farmers is a huge focus, along with advocating for the incorporation of technology to increase crop yields with as little harm to the environment as possible. Slovenia believes that ensuring food security is a collective global responsibility. | |
| Country: | Slovenia |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The UN has been going to great lengths to support the development of middle-income countries (MIC) in recent years. It has made efforts to engage in advocating for reforms that support the development of MICs. As well as creating new metrics and systems of analysis that provide better exploration of MIC conditions. All this on top of stimulus funds and across the board cooperation has shown UN dedication to the development of MICs. Until 2007, Slovenia was a middle-income country. Slovenia appreciates the complexities these nations encounter, including the need for ongoing economic growth alongside social equity and sustainability. The country has been committed to supporting the development of MICs ever since that time. It has supported sectors like social infrastructure, refugee support, and debt action through NGOs and multi-year funding projects. Slovenia has always believed in those on top lifting up those on the bottom to promote stability and development throughout the EU. Slovenia asserts that development cooperation with MICs must be adaptable and sensitive to local contexts. The nation is committed to finding creative financing options and helping build the skills necessary for MICs to tackle their key challenges, particularly in health, education, and environmental sustainability. This will take sophisticated networks of knowledge and information transfer, as well as non-partisan cooperation to provide fair and sufficient support. This delegation also believes in the importance of fostering partnerships between MICs and high-income countries to facilitate the sharing of technology and knowledge. | |
| Country: | Spain |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The Kingdom of Spain supports the development of sustainable agriculture, especially in areas with higher food insecurity. Despite attempts to reduce undernourished populations and to feed starving individuals, issues of conflicts and weather catastrophes have increased the number of undernourished peoples, with at least 281.6 million people facing acute food insecurity according to the 2024 global report on food crisis. This is more people than recorded in pre- pandemic levels and was exacerbated in more tumultuous areas. With 2023 being the hottest year on record, and conflicts causing the majority of acute food insecurity it is clear that sustainable agriculture and de-escalation should be drivers in our policies. As a founding member of the International Fund for Agricultural Development, Spain is committed to reducing food insecurity while increasing sustainable sources of food. Spain has been a member of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization since 1951, which is dedicated to leading international efforts to defeat hunger. Spain believes that it is in all member states' interest to follow the sustainable development goals relating to reducing waste in agriculture and pollution; as the shift in climate is harming food security concurrently. Spain urges member states to adopt the Common Agricultural Practice 2023-2027, and to allocate funds to the International Fund for Agricultural Development. These shifts will allow for greater cooperation in sustainable agriculture, while focusing on the marginalized and rural communities that need assistance with their agricultural livelihoods. | |
| Country: | Spain |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Development and cooperation with middle-income countries is essential to economic efficiency on the global stage. Of the roughly 108 middle-income countries in our world today, many face issues of short-term economic growth, and economic stagnation. Middle-income countries face greater difficulty in helping impoverished and hungry peoples, and it is a goal of the United Nations to eradicate poverty, as it is an "indispensable requirement for sustainable development." This goal is outlined in the 2013 High-level conference of Middle-Income Countries. Thus, development cooperation should be centered on bolstering trade and funding to Middle-Income countries from higher income countries, as there is less of a poverty issue in Highly developed member states. Spain applauds member state cooperation in the creation of the Rabat Declaration on Middle-Income Countries, a document that paves the way for middle- income countries to practice sustainable and multilateral cooperation. As a previously middle- income country, Spain would like to highlight the fact that it was the increased interest of other countries that aided and allowed our status to be raised to high-income. Investment of foreign private companies and increased tourism were only possible due to globalist-minded changes to policy and acceptance on the world stage. To cooperate with and assist with development of Middle-income countries, Spain aligns with the UN's EU Aid for Trade Strategy. Assistance should be achieved by responsible direct-investments and integration into the international economy. Spain would like to develop frameworks that align with the Master Plan for Spanish Cooperation. | |
| Country: | Sri Lanka |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka understands first-hand the effect of food
insecurity. National crises such as the 27-year long civil conflict (ended in 2009) and the Sri
Lankan economic crisis have slowed down development efforts and only exacerbated poverty
and the limited access to food. Additionally, the climate emergency is preventing agricultural
development, as the frequency and intensity of floods, droughts, and landslides have increased.
Sri Lanka has attempted to rectify the growing food insecurity problem. In the past five years, the Agricultural Modernization Task Force was established to develop the agricultural sector in the hopes of increasing food supply . The task force aims to improve productivity and competitiveness in the agricultural market and establish a stronger commercial and export- oriented sector. Sri Lanka heavily imports necessary goods such as wheat and animal feed, which increases domestic costs . Localization of these agricultural goods can remove the barriers to citizen access to these products, especially since a key effect of the Sri Lankan economic crisis has been the inflation of grocery items. The delegation of Sri Lanka supports increased trade efforts and development of agricultural technology to support countries struggling with food insecurity. Many countries, like Sri Lanka, are facing food insecurity due to climate and political crises and require global assistance to rectify the growing problem. Let's focus on building the international economy while simultaneously providing resources and support to countries struggling to develop their national economies. | |
| Country: | Sri Lanka |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Sri Lanka is classified as a lower-middle-income country, especially due to the national
economic crisis that threatens to erase years of development and poverty reduction. A decade
of fiscal and current account deficits and rising debt was only worsened by the coronavirus
pandemic, leading to a severe case of liquidity, insolvency, and high inflation . Following the
cessation of a 27-year long civil conflict in 2009, Sri Lanka experienced high levels of growth,
even achieving upper-middle-income status in 2019. But as of 2020, the Sri Lankan per capita
gross national income had fallen to 3,720 USD, below the threshold.
The government of Sri Lanka has committed itself to sustainable development by supporting prioritized sectors of the economy. Sri Lanka aims to diversify economic reliance on a few export industries, transforming Sri Lanka into a Blue-Green Economy . A Blue-Green Economy focuses on the sustainable uses of ocean and land (energy, agriculture, forestry, etc.) resources . Policies concerning climate change have spearheaded this transformation effort, which subsequently have prioritized vulnerable communities. Blue-Green economies primarily contribute to eradicating issues such as food insecurity, poverty, low employment, and political instability. However, due to Sri Lanka's economic instability, partnerships are required to execute the goals of these programs. The delegation of Sri Lanka insists that the United Nations focus on the development of middle-income countries. 75% of the world's population and 62% of the world's poor live in middle-income countries, meaning that this issue affects every person and country. The prosperity of these countries allows for a stronger international economy, where all countries can be active players. The delegation of Sri Lanka supports efforts to develop specialized economies, accounting for the diverse needs and resources of middle-income countries. | |
| Country: | State of Palestine (Observer) |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The Palestinian delegation believes that agricultural development, food security and nutrition are among the most pressing issues facing the world today. Food crises caused by the war in Ukraine, climate change, and most significantly to Palestine the war in Gaza have caused surging food prices, and limited access globally. Palestine is extremely reliant on food aid distributed by the United Nations, however the conditions caused by the war make this distribution extremely difficult. Over a million people in the Palestinian territories are at risk of being deprived of aid distributed by the World Food Program, and in Gaza particularly ninety-six percent of the population faces severe food insecurity. The population of the West Bank also faces challenges in food access and distribution, caused by increased Israeli military activity in the area along with an increase in settler violence against Palestinian property and farms. Further exacerbating the crisis, the World Food Program is not given the funding to meet the needs of member states, with the program being underfunded by one- hundred seventy-seven million US dollars in regard to Palestine alone. The Palestinian delegation supports all efforts by the General Assembly to increase funding for the World Food Program, and to resolve the conflicts that create the conditions for food insecurity in Palestine and abroad. | |
| Country: | State of Palestine (Observer) |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The Palestinian delegation believes that agricultural development, food security and nutrition are among the most pressing issues facing the world today. Food crises caused by the war in Ukraine, climate change, and most significantly to Palestine the war in Gaza have caused surging food prices, and limited access globally. Palestine is extremely reliant on food aid distributed by the United Nations, however the conditions caused by the war make this distribution extremely difficult. Over a million people in the Palestinian territories are at risk of being deprived of aid distributed by the World Food Program, and in Gaza particularly ninety-six percent of the population faces severe food insecurity. The population of the West Bank also faces challenges in food access and distribution, caused by increased Israeli military activity in the area along with an increase in settler violence against Palestinian property and farms. Further exacerbating the crisis, the World Food Program is not given the funding to meet the needs of member states, with the program being underfunded by one- hundred seventy-seven million US dollars in regard to Palestine alone. The Palestinian delegation supports all efforts by the General Assembly to increase funding for the World Food Program, and to resolve the conflicts that create the conditions for food insecurity in Palestine and abroad. | |
| Country: | Syrian Arab Republic |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The global community should have a commitment to aid agricultural development and
the agricultural sector at large. Making up over 4% of the world GDP and employing over a
billion people worldwide, it is necessary to the economic health and nutritional needs of a global
community. Threats to this industry are threats to nations as a whole, and therefore, individual
nations must have proper agricultural infrastructure and resources.
Agricultural production and exports make up a great deal of Syria's economy- and with the diminishment of reliable crude material production, this industry will rise to be even more important for the economic health of the nation. Having been ravaged and exploited by regional conflict and civil war, the agricultural industry in Syria is also in need of serious restructuring. On top of this, drought and climate change poses a threat to this particular sector. We understand how a myriad conditions can negatively affect a nation's agricultural production and further understand that different nations require different solutions to these conditions. Syria recognizes the importance of agricultural infrastructure in developing a healthy economy and it is the state's official position that each nation should be supported by the global community in their agricultural efforts. | |
| Country: | Syrian Arab Republic |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Economic development within middle-income countries is burdened by cost, conflict, and
environmental restrictions. The strength of necessary national industries and infrastructures are
crucial in developing healthy economies and elevate a nation's standing on the global stage.
Middle income nations, such as Syria, struggle with losses of human capital, decimation of
infrastructure, as well as economic and political instability. The cooperation between nations that
fit into this criteria is vital in building a strong economy and enhancing quality of life for all
citizens.
In the interests of Syria in particular, we welcome the emergence of middle income countries, particularly insofar as they include non-Western states and offer alternative sources of cooperation, trade, and aid. We believe that practices such as technology transfer, lending aid, and renewed trade relations would benefit all countries involved. Syria notes the effect of international cooperation on individual economies, and that it lends to mutual economic growth. The state welcomes global cooperation on development efforts among middle-income nations. | |
| Country: | Türkiye |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Despite significant progress in food security since the United Nations (UN) General Assembly declared 2016-2025 as the Decade of Action on Nutrition, global food insecurity has remained stagnant following a sharp rise during the pandemic, leaving 122 million more people facing hunger than in 2019. With only six years remaining to achieve the target goals of the 2030 Agenda, the Republic of Türkiye reaffirms its commitment to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially SDG 2: Zero Hunger. Türkiye commends the work that the UN and other international bodies have done in pursuit of SDG 2, in particular General Assembly Resolution 78/144. Türkiye also renews its calls for Member States to adhere to the principles they agreed to at the Fourth United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries, held in Istanbul, which established the elimination of export subsidies on agricultural goods by 2013 as one of four principles of joint action. Türkiye has eliminated its agricultural export subsidies, yet many developed nations continue to maintain theirs. This disparity leaves agricultural workers in Member States that adhere to the agreement vulnerable, undercutting efforts toward agricultural development and enhancing global food security. Ahead of the Scaling Up Nutrition Movement Global Gathering in Rwanda later this year and the Nutrition for Growth Summit in Paris, Türkiye calls attention to the 2023 Report of the Secretary-General 78/228, which implores Member States to prioritize the development and low-cost proliferation of agriculture technology for sustainable development. Türkiye urges Member States to increase their contribution to the United Nations Technology Bank for the Least Developed Countries, which Türkiye hosts and is the only Member State to permanently fund. Türkiye calls for the creation of a permanent funding formula for the Technology Bank to secure the estimated $35-40 million USD necessary for the Bank to achieve its mandate in order to realize the priorities for advancing food security established by the Secretary-General. | |
| Country: | Türkiye |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, sustainable development is more important than ever. Türkiye believes that achieving the SDGs requires access to development assistance, but the slow uptake of programs like the Common Framework for Debt Treatment highlights the limits of traditional methods and the need for greater Middle-Income and South-South Cooperation. Türkiye supports the UN's efforts in Resolutions 69/319 and 77/153 and endorses the development principles from the Rabat Declaration on Middle-Income Countries. As one of the largest aid providers among emerging economies and one of two emerging economies to meet the UN Official Development Assistance (ODA) target of 0.7 percent of Gross National Income, Türkiye has long been a champion of South-South Cooperation. In the last five years alone, Türkiye has carried out nearly two thousand developmental aid programs in Africa. Türkiye calls attention to the fact that existing frameworks for evaluating development assistance, such as OECD DAC criteria, are primarily designed for traditional donors. Türkiye urges Member States to develop a new global index designed to assess the quality of South-South Cooperation, incorporating principles such as non-conditionality, mutual benefit, and respect for sovereignty. Türkiye commends the Perez-Guerrero Trust Fund for its work as a catalytic financial supporter of South-South partnerships and calls for the development of a complementary mechanism to promote and facilitate cooperation with Middle-Income Countries (MICs) that aren't in the G-77. As an ongoing recipient nation of developmental assistance, however, Türkiye reminds the assembly that MICs, a diverse group of nations, still face significant challenges in achieving their own sustainable development. To ensure that Middle-Income Countries can effectively assist Least Developed Countries, Türkiye calls for stronger efforts to address ongoing challenges within MICs. These efforts should be achieved through the exchange of experiences, improved coordination, and enhanced, targeted support from the United Nations development system, international financial institutions, regional organizations, and other stakeholders. | |
| Country: | Thailand |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Thailand ranks 64th in global food security according to the 2022 Global Food Security
Index (GFSI), which assess and reports on the food security situation in 113 countries
worldwide. Thailand's score of 60.1 out of 100 represents a slight improvement from the
previous year's score. In the Asia-Pacific region, Thailand ranked 9th among countries in the
Pacific-Asia group and 15th among countries with medium-high income levels, indicating a
relatively favorable food security situation. Despite this ranking, under the FAO's definition of
food security, which comprises four components: availability, accessibility, utilization, and
stability, there are still significant issues that Thailand needs to address. The following are the
major issues that Thailand must focus on it its battle for food security:
Food Availability: This entails increasing food production in Thailand to ensure an adequate and consistent quantity of food. The Self-Sufficiency Ratio (SSR) is a measure used to gauge this, indicating the proportion of domestically produced food compared to the total amount consumed in the country throughout the year. Thailand has achieved an SSR exceeding 100% for staple and important food items commonly consumed by the majority of Thai people, including rice, chicken eggs, chicken, pork, and shrimps. Additionally, Thailand can also export some food products to generate income for the country. Food access: This refers to the ability quality and nutritious food resources, reflecting the issue of hunger. According to The Global Hunger Index (GHI) report in 2023, Thailand has a moderate level of hunger, ranking 53rd out of 116 countries. Approximately 8.8% of the total population in Thailand, equivalent to approximately 6.2 million people, lack adequate nutrition. Food Utilization: Food utilization involves understanding and benefiting from food in a suitable manner, including hygienic food preparation that adheres to nutritional principles. In Thailand, there is still lack of knowledge, in inadequate intake of essential nutrients. Taste is prioritized by 22.5% of Thai people when it comes to food consumption, according to the Health Behavior Survey of the National Statistical Office in 2023. | |
| Country: | Thailand |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Thailand is one of the greatest development success stories. Due to smart economic
policies it has become an upper middle income economy and is making progress towards
meeting the Sustainable Development Goals.
For 75 years, the Kingdom of Thailand and the World Bank Group have built a strong and productive partnership that has evolved from one focused on traditional lending and advice into an innovative knowledge-based partnership that reflects Thailand's dynamic middle- income status. The Thailand - World Bank Group Country Partnership Framework (CPF) FY2019-2022 has been extended for two more years until June 2024 and is being implemented to support Thailand's 20 Year National Strategy (2017-2036) that focuses on key economic and social reforms to end poverty and boots shared prosperity. The overarching goal of the CPF is to support Thailand's transition to an innovative, inclusive and sustainable economy. The World Bank Group is now embarking on a new CPF for fiscal year 2025-2029 and holding consultations with the government, private sector, development agencies and civil society. The objectives are to identify and prioritize areas where the World Bank Group should concentrate its support so that it has the greatest possible impact in promoting inclusion, reducing poverty, and sharing prosperity on a livable planet. The CPF is underpinned by an updated Systematic Country Diagnostic or SCD, which serves as an analytical basis for the new World Bank Group partnership with the Government of Thailand. The current World Bank portfolio in Thailand consists of Trust Funds and Advisory Services and Analytics (ASA). As of February 2024, active trust funds amounted to $8.35 million. This includes supporting the Bank's long engagement in conflict-affected areas in Thailand's southernmost provinces while the rest are on providing technical assistance and advisory services to the government, climate resilience and water. With over 190 staff working with our government partners and in the communities, the Thailand office serves as an important regional hub, supporting diverse country programs in the East Asia and Pacific region, such as Myanmar, Lao PDR, and Cambodia; as well as Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka in South Asia. | |
| Country: | Timor-Leste |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Timor-Leste's agricultural sector is significantly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, with erratic weather patterns leading to increased droughts and flooding. These environmental challenges jeopardize crop yields and threaten the livelihoods of farmers and food security for our communities. Currently, approximately 40% of children under five suffer from stunted growth due to malnutrition, which poses serious risks to public health and economic growth. To address these pressing issues, Timor-Leste advocates for a multi-faceted approach that focuses on sustainable agricultural practices, strengthening local food systems, and implementing comprehensive national nutrition programs. The delegation of Timor-Leste calls for increased investment in sustainable agricultural practices that prioritize climate- resilient crops and innovative farming techniques. By adopting agroecological methods, we can enhance productivity while preserving our natural resources and reducing environmental degradation. This will not only ensure food security but also bolster our agricultural sector against the impacts of climate change. Our delegation also calls for the establishment of comprehensive national nutrition programs aimed at educating communities about healthy diets and improving access to nutritious food. This initiative will not only combat malnutrition but also contribute to overall public health and economic development. | |
| Country: | Timor-Leste |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| As Timor-Leste strives to achieve middle-income status, the delegation recognizes the critical role of development cooperation with middle-income countries. These partnerships can facilitate knowledge sharing and provide essential support in various sectors, including agriculture, education, and healthcare. Middle-income countries possess valuable insights and experiences that can help us navigate our developmental challenges. To this end, we advocate for the formation of strategic partnerships focused on enhancing trade, investment, and technology transfer. The delegation of Timor-Leste emphasizes the importance of capacity- building initiatives aimed at enhancing the skills and knowledge of our workforce. By investing in education and training programs, we can equip our citizens with the tools necessary to thrive in a competitive global market. This capacity building is crucial for empowering our youth and ensuring they can contribute effectively to the economy. Furthermore, the delegation encourages the promotion of South-South cooperation mechanisms, which allow developing nations to share resources, best practices, and expertise in a mutually beneficial manner. This approach fosters a more equitable development landscape and strengthens regional solidarity. | |
| Country: | Ukraine |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| We emphasize the need for agricultural development, food security, and nutrition in developing nations and the importance of achieving the UN goal to achieve zero hunger by 2030. Despite the ongoing conflict with the Russian Federation, Ukraine remains committed to supporting agricultural development and food security. There is an urgent need for programs with a greater focus on agriculture development to help combat the effects of climate change due to the extreme weather conditions. For example, in extreme drought and flooding, many crops are lost or destroyed. Conventional agriculture production relies heavily on natural resources that are the most vulnerable to fluctuating weather conditions. The implementation of vertical farming practices and the use of hydroponic growing systems can help to combat the effects of climate change. This technology can also be used in urban areas to grow crops, expanding the local production of food while not taking up valuable land space. Through partnerships with private sector companies to develop hydroponic technologies and to educate clients on how to use this new growing technology. Ukraine respects and applauds the previous works this body has contributed to agriculture development, food security, and nutrition. Most notably, A/RES/77/186 and A/RES/75/235. Ukraine is piloting the "Feed Your Neighbor Initiative," which gathers surplus food produce from farms and redistributes it to those most in need, and that reduces food insecurity. Through a continued partnership with the FAO, Ukraine hopes to share the knowledge from this program with other member states. To allow other member states to develop similar programs to help reduce food waste. Furthermore, Ukraine applauds the states that have implemented programs to increase agricultural development, food security, and nutrition. The world's population is only growing, and with that, so is the need to increase efforts to reduce food waste, create partnerships with the private sector, and promote sustainable agriculture practices. Ukraine remains committed to promoting a future of zero hunger. | |
| Country: | Ukraine |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| In an attempt to navigate a globe disparaged with conflict, we must recognize the specific challenges of middle-income countries (MICs). Over time, it has continued to be transparent that while MICs are capable of economic growth, they face many unique challenges. These are not just contained to one variable either. There are many socio-economic factors to consider when facing the specific and complex challenges of MICs. Ukraine recognizes the past efforts, most critically the A/RES/78/162 and A/RES/76/215 resolutions, that have been made by this committee to uplift middle-income countries but does not deny that it is not enough and there is more to be done. Ukraine additionally recognizes and applauds the steps already taken by intergovernmental organizations to support MICs, such as the UNCTAD (UN Conference on Trade Development), a body that offers economic and trade analysis and technical assistance to support developing countries to reap the benefits of a globalized economy. As a middle-income country, the Ukrainian State emphasizes that solutions should not rely solely on MICs but require global efforts to address them. For example, in post-conflict, MICs struggle highly with rebuilding infrastructure and poverty and often need international support. And it is not sufficient to simply provide more financial aid. According to the World Bank, economic diversification is a key aspect to consider as economic growth thrives on a diverse economy; variety is a necessity. Assisting MICs to invest in green energy, which promotes long-term economic growth through less reliance on the unpredictability of fossil fuel prices, and infrastructure development, which results in MICs being less reliant on other countries for trade and creates more domestic production, are privy to reaching this end goal. Another step to promote the development of MICs is capacity building. This strategy is not just effective in developing MICs but can help them navigate globalization and avoid global conflicts that could harm them. It is of utmost importance that such action be taken to foster the growth of MICs. Despite the current conflict that Ukraine is facing at its border, the state stays committed to promoting the development and cooperation with middle-income countries overall and hopes to break barriers that currently confine them. | |
| Country: | United Arab Emirates |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The United Arab Emirates acknowledges the need for food security and access to nutrition. With a growing population and a heavy reliance on food imports, the UAE is pivoting towards more food self-sufficiency. According to the Arab Gulf States Institute in Washington, despite about 38,000 farms in the UAE, their contribution to the food supply is minimal in comparison to imports from other nations. The United Arab Emirates is committed to implementing the National Food Security Strategy 2051 which aims to enhance local production, activate legislation and policies that contribute to improving nutrition, and diversify food import sources. It is our mission to ensure access to safe and nutritious food and achieve zero hunger. The UAE already ranks low on the Global Hunger Index with a score under 5 for 2024, but continuing this trend is necessary for the success and prosperity of our citizens. Understanding how the agricultural sector impacts developments in food security and nutrition is also important. We are committed to implementing new technologies and initiatives that will strengthen the agricultural industry. We have contributed to these efforts by adopting initiatives such as a Food Security Data platform, Unified Agricultural Licensure, Vertical Farming and other Agritech methods. Adopting sustainable policies will significantly increase the quality of food being produced by the UAE and directly correspond to increased health and nutrition for our nation. | |
| Country: | United Arab Emirates |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The United Arab Emirates remains dedicated to including middle-income communities and countries, fostering growth, development, and stability in their economic and financial endeavors. The UAE is committed to enhancing its partnerships and cooperation with middle-income countries. With the monetary resources of the UAE, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs launched the UAE Foreign Assistance Policy. With this policy, our goal of providing long-term aid and our plans for eradicating poverty are a great focus. By supplying aid and cooperation, we promote peace and prosperity for all. Although much of our help and assistance is provided from government to government, the UAE remains committed to assisting through United Nations developmental organizations and funds such as UNICEF, UNDP, and the Office of High Commissioner for Refugees. Confident in our ability to support others, the UAE has adopted resolutions and will be co-hosting the Water Conference in 2026 along with Senegal. Our efforts remain continuous. Let us, therefore, support the growth and development of middle-income countries through aid, support, and promoting peace and prosperity for all. | |
| Country: | United Kingdom |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
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| Agriculture and nutrition are paramount to the survival and security of many Member
States. As a state comprising three-fourths of farmland, the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland understands firsthand that food security is an issue of life and death in
an interconnected world plagued by war and instability and threatened by the perils of
drought, famine, and climate change. According to the World Health Organization, around
2.3 billion people face food insecurity globally. Warming global temperatures, desertification,
and political instability threaten to worsen the situation if the international community does
not take action. Furthermore, the Russian invasion of Ukraine has disrupted much of the
world's grain production and threatens to drive up food prices as well as deprive much of
the global south of much-needed wheat. Countries must cooperate to end conflicts and fight
climate change to combat hunger effectively.
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is committed to further investing in agriculture and protecting farmers at home and abroad. Food quality protections should be established and strengthened to ensure that food sustains populations rather than poisoning them. The United Kingdom supports the expansion of initiatives such as the World Food Program to accomplish the United Nations' second development goal of ending world hunger. Despite the outsized domestic role of our farmlands, the United Kingdom itself faces issues related to agriculture. Farmers represent an aging, highly specialized demographic in the United Kingdom and much of the developed world. To prepare an adequate fight against climate change, farmers must not be forgotten. As a major investor in agriculture and the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution, the United Kingdom knows that farming cannot be abandoned as developing Member States advance. The international community must come together to take action to end hunger. | |
| Country: | United Kingdom |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
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| The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK) is a major world investor, committed to pursuing the well-being of middle-income countries within the world economic system. Middle-income countries house much of the world's poorest population despite having advanced, often increasingly industrialized economies. This point makes it difficult for many middle-income countries to qualify for grants and economic assistance. As such, the UK recommends the adoption of new language surrounding aid initiatives to allow Member States with stronger economies but larger poor populations to qualify for aid. Additionally, the UK supports working with Member States to increase investment in human capital so that more skilled workers are able to enter the workforce in an effort to eliminate poverty. The United Kingdom supports strategies directed at aiding local communities in addition to country-based approaches. Additionally, the global community should be careful to avoid predatory investment practices within middle-income countries. Policies such as large loans that can not be repaid as a means to seize valuable infrastructure represent a form of modern colonialism that is drastically harmful to the development of states, especially that of developing states. Having learned from our own colonial past, the UK recommends working with middle-income states to develop sustainably rather than proposing industrial projects or loans that cannot be feasibly repaid. We recommend that aid be provided through the sharing of technology, and such aid must not be immediately terminated should middle-income states reach higher development benchmarks. Additionally, investments centered around promoting education and economic development are better suited to sustainably assist underprivileged societies rather than income redistribution efforts which do not address the root causes of poverty. Middle-income countries represent an increasingly important part of the global economy. Care must be taken to avoid exploiting these states and risk pushing them back into poverty. | |
| Country: | United States of America |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal #2, or ending hunger, achieving food security, improving nutrition and promoting sustainable agriculture is highly important to the United States of America. The U.S. recognizes that not only is this issue widespread, as 35% of the world's population cannot afford a healthy diet, but it is also incredibly serious, as half of all child deaths are linked to malnutrition. While technological innovations, such as genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and precision agriculture, have significantly boosted food production, new complicating factors have emerged. One such factor is global conflicts which can disrupt supply chains, such as the war in Ukraine that hindered wheat production worldwide. Climate change has been another thorn in the side of agricultural development, for example, with prolonged droughts in regions at-risk regions such as the Horn of Africa, which have led to reduced crop yields and food insecurity. The United States recognizes that the stability and prosperity of any nation are inextricably linked to the ability of its people to access reliable sources of nutrition. Improving food access would allow citizens to work and develop economies, which can then promote peace. Domestically, the United States has long supported its agricultural sector through substantial subsidies to ensure stable food production, and agriculture remains a cornerstone of the U.S. economy, with crops being a key export. Internationally, the U.S. has historically supported a number of food initiatives, such as USAID Feed the Future, the Global Agriculture and Food Security Program, as well as driving research for agricultural innovation. While the U.S. is committed to supporting global efforts, it is essential that nations are empowered to strengthen their own agricultural systems instead of relying on global aid. The U.S. would advocate for the sharing of agricultural technology, innovations, and science- based solutions, along with investments in agricultural infrastructure, particularly in at-risk nation-states, to advance efforts toward ending hunger, achieving food security, improving nutrition, and promoting sustainable agriculture. | |
| Country: | United States of America |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Middle-income countries (MICs) are economies with a gross national income per capita between $1,000 and $13,000 USD such as Turkiye, Argentina, and India. Because these countries are at different stages of development and have a variety of income levels, it is necessary to deploy flexible strategies that address different needs. 75% of the world's population lives in a MIC, including 62% of the world's economically disadvantaged. The United States understands the need for international cooperation to empower MICs to overcome the "middle-income trap" of stagnant growth, lack of innovation, and income inequality. The United States recognizes these countries' importance on the global scale in maintaining global economic stability and promoting sustainable development in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. The United States of America is committed to investments in lower middle-income countries to promote mutual economic growth. Investments in upper middle-income countries are open to consideration. Trade agreements and reduction of trade barriers are effective methods to create economic cooperation. The U.S. champions efforts to expand the World Bank's financing capacity to support middle-income countries at the scale needed to address urgent global needs. It is the responsibility of the most economically strong countries, as well as the International Monetary Fund and World Bank to provide debt-relief to middle-income countries. Recognizing that middle-income countries are crucial players in the fight against climate change, the U.S. encourages sustainable development and green energy transitions. As these countries rapidly urbanize and industrialize, they are major contributors to greenhouse gas emissions, but also an opportunity for clean energy solutions. The United States supports partnerships that assist middle-income countries in upholding the Paris Agreement. The U.S. advocates for financing from other institutions such as the Green Climate Fund to aid in green investments and climate-resilient infrastructure to mitigate the threat of extreme weather. | |
| Country: | Uruguay |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| Agriculture is the backbone of many economies around the world, especially in
developing countries. Agriculture plays a pivotal role in ensuring countries' food security
and nutrition. With the world population on the rise and projected to reach 9.7 billion by
2050, agricultural capacity needs to adhere to this growth. To address the challenges
posed by climate change, population growth, and evolving dietary needs, a commitment
to technological innovation and sustainable agricultural practices is paramount.
The commitment to technological innovation and sustainable agriculture is crucial for the future of a world where hunger and malnutrition is eradicated. Global population numbers are on the rise. To meet the demands of this increase in population, must increase to meet the rising demand. Embracing technology and sustainable practices allows for more efficient production and distribution of food, reducing the risk of shortages. Sustainable agriculture helps cultivate a greener future with enhanced environmental conservation. Agriculture is a main producer of total greenhouse gasses, which contributed heavily to temperatures rising on a global scale and increasingly unpredictable weather events. By implementing sustainable practices, we can mitigate climate change impacts while ensuring that agricultural systems are resilient against climate variability. The global focus should shift towards promoting international cooperation, supporting investments in research and development, and enhancing food systems resilience. The UN can facilitate partnerships between nations, fostering knowledge exchange on sustainable agricultural practices and technologies. Collaborative research initiatives can help identify region-specific solutions that address local challenges. Member states should prioritize funding for agricultural research and innovation, particularly in developing countries where the need for sustainable practices is greatest. This includes investing in education and training programs for farmers to enhance their capacity to adopt new technologies. The UN should advocate for integrated food systems that address economic, social, and environmental dimensions of sustainability. This approach will enhance resilience to shocks, such as climate change, while ensuring food security for vulnerable populations. The urgency of the situation calls for collaboration between the UN and member states. By working together to promote innovation, sustainability, and resilience in agriculture, we can ensure food security and a safer planet for future generations. | |
| Country: | Uruguay |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| Encouraging for developed and developing countries to trade openly between one
another is highly necessary. This act of open trade will allow for the developing countries
to experience an increase in their economic growth. Member states of both developed
and developing countries should steer clear of restrictive and protectionism policies that
could ruin trade. The President Luis Lacalle Pou, of Uruguay, believes that adopting
restrictive and protectionism policies could ruin the progress of developing countries.
Ultimately, open trade is an essential for allowing developing countries to grow and all
member states should be consistent and permanent in their
participation.
In 2024 the Rabat Declaration on Middle-Income Countries was established. This declaration uses a special system that focuses on the different challenges that middle income countries face. The system is the Development in Transition approach, which recognizes that development is a steady process. This will allow for middle income countries to still receive a certain amount of aid even after they surpass the middle income level. Essentially middle income countries will be able to grow much more than they would in comparison to if they stopped receiving aid as soon as they reached the developed income level. This document will address diverse challenges and seize opportunities within middle income countries by increasing development cooperation. So member states can continue to cooperate with one another to achieve the goals stated within the Rabat Declaration document. An increase of development cooperation will also allow for the achievement of sustainable development to be completed. Overall, the purpose of the Rabat Declaration document is to guide middle income countries to obtaining their specified needs, and reaching new levels of economic growth and development cooperation. Member states can act on the specific details and solutions provided by documents such as the Rabat Declaration to ensure middle income countries are experiencing an increase in growth and cooperation. | |
| Country: | Venezuela |
| Topic: | Agriculture development, food security and nutrition |
| Paper text: | |
| The United Nations has been making rigorous efforts to reduce food insecurity. The UN General Assembly has passed 66/220, 69/313, 70/232, 73/253, 76/222, in the past decade to combat food insecurity. The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela is alarmed by the rising food insecurity caused by the impact of the UN declining funds, which are influenced by the economic slowdowns, disease outbreaks, and armed conflicts. Our country has experienced difficulties in the access to food resources and 80% of the population still lives under poverty and 53% of them are considered to be in extreme poverty. The condition is worsened by our limited access to the global market. Despite the diplomatic disadvantage, we have been working on economic and social development through Plan de la Patria with a primary focus on food security and nutrition. Through the interim plan the country has started provisions of free food in school cafeterias starting in 2021. Furthermore, we have agreed with the UN World Food Program for their operation in food provisions to 185, 000 children with a main focus on pre-primary and special education students. Our domestic commitment to tackle food insecurity is also a contribution for the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goal as we have signed for the resolution 70/1. We will ask for the UN body to bring back their attention to the food security issues and take necessary collaborative efforts to combat food insecurity by including ending the ongoing armed conflicts and also making sure fair access of each country to the global market. | |
| Country: | Venezuela |
| Topic: | Development cooperation with middle-income countries |
| Paper text: | |
| The United Nations understands that middle-income countries need help to continue growing and solving problems like poverty and inequality. While these countries have made progress, they still face challenges like economic inequality, Vulnerability to economic shocks, the UN supports special programs to help MICs grow in a way that lasts, reduces poverty, and builds stronger governments. The UN also promotes South-South cooperation, which means countries can work together to share ideas and solve common problems for long-term stability and development. The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela believes that development cooperation is very important for middle-income countries like itself. Despite having many natural resources, Venezuela is facing economic problems, political unrest, and the effects of international sanctions. This has made it difficult to develop key areas like education, healthcare, and infrastructure. Venezuela is calling for more international cooperation to help solve these issues and promote long-term stability. We support working with other countries, especially through South-South cooperation, and with international organizations to help diversify our economy and improve social services. Venezuela also wants to make sure that development programs respect our national priorities and help build strong institutions, while fully upholding our sovereignty. We urge the General Assembly Second Committee to promote cooperation that aligns with each country's unique needs, without imposing external conditions, and to support initiatives that strengthen self reliance and economic stability. Through cooperation, we believe we can reduce poverty and achieve greater stability and prosperity in the region. | |
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