Position paper for Security Council
| Country: | Algeria |
| Topic: | The Conflict in the Middle East |
| Paper text: | |
| Algeria expresses profound concern over the ongoing conflict in the Middle East, which has
led to significant loss of life, widespread destruction, and immense humanitarian suffering.
As a member of the United Nations Security Council, Algeria urges immediate and concerted
efforts to address the root causes of this crisis, which threatens regional and global security.
The escalating violence, particularly in Gaza, must be met with an immediate ceasefire.
Algeria calls on all parties involved to halt hostilities and prioritize the safety of civilians,
ensuring that humanitarian aid reaches those in need without obstruction. We emphasize
the need for restraint and dialogue, as continued aggression risks sparking a broader
regional conflict, with devastating consequences for all.
Algerias position is firmly rooted in the principles of justice, international law, and respect for the sovereignty of nations. The ongoing conflict in the Middle East cannot be resolved without addressing the systemic issues, including the occupation and the denial of fundamental rights to the Palestinian people. Only by addressing these core issues can the region move toward lasting peace. The Security Council must act decisively to uphold international peace and security. Algeria calls on the international community, particularly influential nations, to support diplomatic efforts and initiatives that promote dialogue, reconciliation, and a just resolution to the conflict. We stress the importance of adhering to international resolutions and agreements that recognize the rights of all peoples to self-determination, freedom, and security. Algeria remains committed to working alongside regional and international partners to promote peace, justice, and stability in the Middle East. We believe that through genuine dialogue, mutual respect, and a commitment to international law, a just and sustainable peace can be achieved. | |
| Country: | Algeria |
| Topic: | The Situation Sudan, South Sudan, and the Abyei |
| Paper text: | |
| The ongoing civil war in Sudan has brought instability to the disputed Abyei region. While
maintaining a commitment to self-determination, we recognize that international support is
necessary to quell tensions in Sudan and South Sudan to guard against further deterioration
of the humanitarian condition in Abyei. We support S/RES/2729 (2024) to extend the UNMISS
mandate in South Sudan, as it bolsters assistance provided to the country. But, before more
progress can be made, sound governments must be established in the region to bring
sovereign authority to the negotiating table. Moving forward, the UN must play a mediating
role with the African Union to ensure that parties to the situation, namely Sudan and South
Sudan, do not escalate the dispute. We demand that member states work closely with the
African Union and Arab League as the leading mediators of the Sudan conflict. We urge
members of the Security Council to continue advocating for disarmament in the Abyei region
for the safety of civilians.
We support S/RES/2750 (2024), as a legitimate attempt to protect the people of Sudan as it draws important attention to the country. We stand-by the African Unions suspension of Sudan and favor the Security Councils decision to extend the UNISFAs mandate. We call for input from Sudan and South Sudan so Security Council deliberations factor in the cultural, political, and economic positions of the countries most affected by the Abyei question. The UN cannot abandon Sudan or South Sudan; especially in terms of aid and refugee support. Action is necessary to alleviate pressure from the Abyei region, but we urge it not morph into pressure from the international community. Our position continues to stem from a desire for peaceful conflict negotiation and aid provision to ensure the safety of the people of Abyei. | |
| Country: | Algeria |
| Topic: | The Situation in the South China Sea |
| Paper text: | |
| Algeria remains committed to the principles of sovereignty, territorial integrity, and the
peaceful resolution of disputes. We observe the developments in the South China Sea with
interest, recognizing the areas strategic importance for international trade and regional
stability. Algeria encourages all nations involved to uphold their rights and resolve their
differences through constructive dialogue and diplomacy, ensuring peace and mutual
respect across the region.
Algeria emphasizes that states have the right to protect their sovereign interests, provided these are pursued within the framework of international law, including the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). We encourage parties to engage in cooperative efforts to manage and resolve disputes by prioritizing regional and global stability over escalation. This approach is not only critical for maintaining peace in the South China Sea but also aligns with broader interests in sustaining secure trade routes that benefit the international community. With its commitment to global peace and its historical advocacy for peaceful resolution, Algeria stands ready to encourage multilateral dialogues that foster understanding and prevent conflict. We call upon all parties to prioritize diplomatic channels and constructive engagement, promoting an inclusive approach that respects both national interests and regional stability. Algeria is committed to supporting any peaceful process that ensures the long-term stability of the South China Sea region and benefits all nations involved. | |
| Country: | China |
| Topic: | The Situation in the Middle East, Including the Palestinian Question |
| Paper text: | |
| The situation in the Middle East is a powder keg that is poised to explode at any given
moment. Gaza is continuing to be bombarded with Israeli bombs that destroy hospitals,
schools, and civilian areas that have led to a grave humanitarian crisis in the region.
Humanitarian aid has been largely completely cut off in northern Gaza leading to mass
malnutrition and danger of starvation. Starvation as a weapon of war is by definition under
the Geneva Convention, a grave war crime. People in Gaza are humans just as we are so
the Security Council needs to do more to ensure they survive. Without humanitarian aid
people in Gaza have no means of survival and are in danger of imminent starvation.
Furthermore, the invasion of Lebanon constitutes a severe violation of Lebanese sovereignty
and security which has greatly increased tensions and will inevitably lead to more death and
destruction. Additionally, it is Israel's war in Gaza that is fueling the escalating tensions in the
Middle East, particularly between Israel and Iran.
To ensure lasting peace and stability in the Middle East, two things are required: an immediate and comprehensive ceasefire in Gaza supported by the entire international community including the United States of America and implementation of a two-state solution. An internationally recognized Palestinian State is the only path to ensure lasting peace and stability in the region and must include Gaza, the West Bank, and East Jerusalem. Accompanying this must be the complete withdrawal of Israeli troops and the determination by the Palestinian people for government arrangements. | |
| Country: | China |
| Topic: | The Situation in Abyei |
| Paper text: | |
| Since the passing of Resolution 1990 (2011), we have been observing and responding to
the
developments in the Abyei region of Sudan and South Sudan. We commend the work that
has been done by the United Nations, African Union, and IGAD in an attempt to resolve this
issue. China has also been very involved in the security in the region, at the end of last year,
we sent our fourth batch of peacekeeping helicopter units to the region. As a troop-
contributing country we are committed to upholding security and stability, including the
security of our UN personnel.
Furthermore, we understand the nuanced impact that civil conflicts within Sudan have had on the region, and wish Sudan to put an end to the gratuitous civil violence that hinders their contribution to peaceful developments in Abyei. An end to intrastate violence will help immensely in reestablishing communications with South Sudan and relaunching the diplomatic process. We continue to support the actions of the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA), and call upon them to guarantee the effective implementation of their mandate, as well as minimize security risks to their personnel, especially given the deplorable killing of blue helmets earlier this year. Finally, we also support an extension to the UNISFA mandate in the region by the Security Council, and call upon our fellow representatives to increase logistical support for their operations in the region. | |
| Country: | Ecuador |
| Topic: | Middle East conflic |
| Paper text: | |
| In the case of a world that has begun to fight each other and turn against each other's neighbor, the Republic of Ecuador is dedicated to finding peace in delicate situations such as this. The war between Israel and Palestine is destabilizing the Middle East. Terrorist organizations are on the rise, the conflict is slowly expanding to more countries, and the region is becoming more dangerous for the people who live there. Because of this, The Republic of Ecuador supports reaffirming resolution 2334 (2016) and the 1967 Israel and Palestine borders. This delegation also supports a ceasefire between the nations and freedom for the hostages under Hamas's control. These measures will allow both parties to meet at the negotiating table. | |
| Country: | Ecuador |
| Topic: | The Situation In The South China Sea |
| Paper text: | |
| The situation in Abyei is devastating to the people living in the area, and the resources that are situated there. The Republic of Ecuador calls for another ceasefire, a reaffirmation of the demilitarized zone for all parties, and supports allowing the UNISFA to continue their work on solving this crisis. | |
| Country: | Ecuador |
| Topic: | The Situation in Ukraine |
| Paper text: | |
| The Republic of Ecuador feels for those dealing with the hardships of the Ukraine-Russia conflict. A pressing matter everyone has felt in many ways, such as our lack of imports going to Ukraine. As the largest exporter of bananas in the world, we must get our exports out as it fuels our economy and keep our economic status on track. One in every five bananas exported from our country goes to Ukraine and Russia. With this current conflict, we face containers of rotting fruit piling up close to our groves.? International sanctions on Russia have put a stop to Russia receiving any of this produce. Around the globe, many others are facing problems similar to ours. For the sake of the people affected in both Ukraine and Russia, for the sake of the citizens endangered by the conflict, and for the sake of the Ecuadorian and everyone else's economy we plead that both groups work together to find a solution to end this conflict. | |
| Country: | France |
| Topic: | The situation in the Middle East, including the Palestine question |
| Paper text: | |
| Erupting in October 2023, the Israel-Hamas war has rapidly escalated
into the most destructive engagement in the 76-year history of the Israeli-
Palestine conflict. As the death toll in Gaza eclipses 40,000 and 1.1 million
civilians face catastrophic hunger, the French Republic is committed to
stabilizing the region and explicitly condemns all acts of violence and
terrorism. France is a bilateral partner to both Israel and Palestine and
considers the solution of two States living side-by-side in peace and security
as the only path to long-term sustainability.
An unwavering commitment to Israelâs security remains a key principle of Franceâs regional policy. Nonetheless, France stands on the side of international law and calls upon Israel for strict compliance with General Assembly Resolution 194 (1948) and Security Council Resolutions 242 (1967), 476 (1980), and 278 (1970). These frameworks articulate the importance of unimpeded migration and assistance for Palestinian refugees, the end of Israeli military occupation, and the preservation of the status of Jerusalem. France holds the Israeli settlement policy as the gravest violation, acknowledging Security Council Resolution 2334 (2016) which demands the immediate and complete cessation of settlement activities. The illegal seizure of land in the West Bank and East Jerusalem is contrary to Geneva Convention IV, constitutes an obstacle to fair and lasting peace, and threatens the viability of the two-state solution. In this regard, France urges Israeli authorities to refrain from any unilateral action leading to the annexation of Palestinian Territories. Reaffirming the mission of the 2002 Arab Peace Initiative, France and its European partners have offered four essential parameters to guide the resolution of this conflict. These include establishing borders based on the 4 June 1967 lines with mutually agreed land swaps, ensuring the future sovereignty of a future Palestinian state while maintaining Israel's security, reaching a fair and negotiated solution to the refugee crisis, and designating Jerusalem as the capital for both States. France is further resolved to address the humanitarian emergency in Gaza, and the French Development Agency has provided 473 million in funding for development projects in Palestinian Territories, providing water and sanitation services to 800,000 civilians over the last two decades. France implores Member States to appreciate the vitality of a two-state solution and encourages the deployment of available humanitarian resources to affected populations. | |
| Country: | France |
| Topic: | The Situation in Abyei |
| Paper text: | |
| On 24 February 2022, eight years after the illegal annexation of Crimea
and the beginning of conflict in eastern Ukraine, the Russian Federation
made the deliberate, unjustifiable choice to wage war against a sovereign
Ukraine, violating the principles enshrined in the Charter of the United
Nations. As articulated in General Assembly Resolution ES-11/1 (2022), the
independence and territorial integrity of Ukraine is essential for the
preservation of international law and security of the European continent. In
this context, the French Republic stands firmly alongside Ukraine and its
people in deterring further Russian aggression.
The Ukraine conflict has prompted historic diplomatic action from France characterized by solidarity with European Union and NATO allies. An unprecedented visit to Kyiv by President Emmanuel Macron and a team of European leaders resulted in Ukraine and Moldova gaining candidacy for EU membership on 23 and 24 June 2022. In the period since, France has provided Ukraine with over 3.8 billion worth of military equipment, and the EU has imposed 13 packages of sanctions against Russian individuals and strategic sectors. In a speech to the Security Council on 25 July 2024, Representative Nicolas de Riviere reaffirmed Franceâs commitment to providing Ukraine with military support and advocated for Ukraineâs right to strike targets capable of prolonging the war in Russian territory. Echoing the provisions of General Assembly Resolution ES-11/2 (2022), France demands the protection of civilians, humanitarian workers, and critical infrastructure in combat zones. France pledges full support to the Crisis and Support Center (CDCS) of the Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs and has participated in multiple solidarity missions, most notably the A Ship for Ukraine operation that shipped 1,000 tons of humanitarian freight into Ukraine in late 2022. France implores Member States to prioritize aid delivery in accordance with the needs expressed by Ukraine, but it simultaneously recognizes the inability of foreign assistance to preemptively stop human rights atrocities like those alleged in Bucha and Mariupol. France is therefore committed to assisting the International Criminal Court with its investigation into crimes against humanity and war crimes by the Russian Federation and exhorts Member States to explicitly condemn such actions. | |
| Country: | France |
| Topic: | The Situation in Ukraine |
| Paper text: | |
| The French Republic is deeply concerned by the ongoing humanitarian
crisis induced by the 2023 Azerbaijan military offensive and illegal blockade
in Nagorno-Karabakh. The Caucasus is a critical geopolitical crossroads,
connecting Eastern Europe to Western Asia with essential trade routes and
energy corridors. Ensuring stability in Nagorno-Karabakh is vital for global
security, and the French Republic views the expedition of a formal peace
agreement as a crucial imperative.
In the interim, Representative Nathalie Broadhurst has expressed to the OCHA Franceâs demand for unhindered access for humanitarian organizations and UN agencies to the populations concerned.Freedom of movement is not only a fundamental and internationally recognized human right, but a practical necessity for indispensable international organizations including the ICRC. France condemns prevailing restrictions by Azerbaijan on migration and aid delivery throughout the Lachine Corridor, affirming the binding order issued by the International Court of Justice in February 2023 and Security Council Resolution 2417 (2018). While France has already mobilized 29 million in aid, the pervasive impact of recurring fuel and agriculture supply chain disruptions demands a cohesive international response. In accordance with the standard for utilizing international cooperation to resolve humanitarian crises outlined in General Assembly Resolution 75/157 (2020), France calls upon able Member States to maximize assistance to the 120,000 migrants seeking asylum from Nagorno- Karabakh in Armenia. As the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict surpasses its third decade without an acceptable resolution, it is evident that Armenia and Azerbaijan have exhausted bilateral diplomacy channels. France deplores the loss of human life from continued gunfire exchanges throughout 2024, and the United Nations can no longer sit idle. Recognizing the importance of inclusive peace processes established in Security Council Resolution 1325 (2000), France urges Member States to participate in multilateral peace dialogues regarding Nagorno-Karabakh, offering the aegis of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europeâs Minsk Group as an existing platform for negotiation. | |
| Country: | Guyana |
| Topic: | The Situation in Essequibo |
| Paper text: | |
| The Co-operative Republic of Guyana firmly asserts our sovereignty over the Essequibo region, a region which makes up more than two thirds of our nation. The 159,500sq kilometer area of land is home to over 15% of our population and more than 100 Amerindian communities. According to the 1899 Arbitral Award, the Essequibo region is considered part of Guyanaâs sovereign territory. V enezuela has tried to dispute this, claiming that the international tribunal was invalid, and arguing that the International Court of Justice (ICJ) does not have the jurisdiction to see the case brought to it by Guyana. In December 2020, The ICJ ruled it does have the jurisdiction to see the case, and the case is ongoing. Guyana is prepared to settle the issue diplomatically and respect the findings of the legal agreement. We are fearful because V enezuela has continually declared its intent to take over the Essequibo region especially with the national referendum on the addition of the region as another province in V enezuela on 3 December 2023. As per the Argyle Declaration on 14 December 2023, Guyana and V enezuela agreed that the controversies between them will be resolved in accordance with international law, and that both States will refrain, whether by words or deeds, from escalating any conflict or disagreement arising from any controversy between them. V enezuela has, again, disregarded this declaration and continued to escalate the situation by President Maduro signing the Organic Law for the Defense of Guayana Esequiba on 3 April, which claims the Essequibo region as the twenty-fourth state of V enezuela. V enezuela has continued escalating by increasing military projects near the border and on Anacoco Island. We want to bring this to the attention of the international community, and ask that the situation be continually monitored. Additionally, we request a Presidential statement warning V enezuela against escalation. | |
| Country: | Guyana |
| Topic: | The Situation in Abyei |
| Paper text: | |
| As a member of the Non-Aligned Movement, the Co-operative Republic of Guyana is guided by the Bandung Principles which expresses that all international disputes should be settled by peaceful means and that threats, aggressions, or the use of force against territorial integrity or political independence of any country shouldnât be permitted. Thus, we emphasize the need for the demilitarization of Abyei and the facilitation of peaceful negotiations. We fully believe cooperation between Sudan, South Sudan, and neighboring States is essential to achieving peace and stability in Abyei. With over 70,000 persons displaced, living in makeshift shelters and facing challenges in accessing food, water, shelter, and medical care, the humanitarian situation is dire. Due to the ongoing violence, UN Peacekeepers have been killed while trying to provide vital aid to the region. We support the urgent provision of humanitarian assistance and call for unimpeded access to humanitarian aid. We support the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA), established by Resolution 1990 (2011) and advocate for its continued presence in the region. Additionally, we advocate for the continued support of the African Union (AU) in assisting the facilitation of negotiations, as regional support is key for lasting peace. | |
| Country: | Mozambique |
| Topic: | The Situation in the Middle East |
| Paper text: | |
| Current UNOCHA figures estimate over 42,000 Palestinians have been killed in Gaza
in the ongoing war between Israeli Defense Forces and Hamas beginning on October 7th.
According to the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Volker Türk, these casualties
are primarily civilian women and children. The recent escalation of this 75-year-long
conflict poses an existential threat to the maintenance of international peace and security.
As a nation that has experienced, first-hand, the tragic consequences of post-colonial
conflict, Mozambique offers a unique vision to the international community that keeps
these lessons at the forefront of diplomatic solutions toward a lasting peace between
Palestine and Israel.
A mediated dialogue between Hamas and Israel is of primary importance toward the cessation of violence, and to this end, we believe the deployment of a UNDPPA-managed Standby Team of Mediation Experts to support guided, on-the-ground mediation planning and execution is the most historically effective path toward the goal of a two-state solution. Mozambique, alongside other African member states, represents over half of this force by current DPPA records and thus offers a critical diplomatic role from the standpoint of conflict mediation experience and its leadership in the A3. To bring about the necessary conditions for this mediation process, we stress the importance of all member states to adhere to the commitments of Resolutions 1860 (2009) and 2735 (2024), reiterating the necessity for an immediate ceasefire, withdrawal of all Israeli forces from Gaza, the expedient exchange of all hostages, and the administration of necessary aid and rebuilding efforts in the Gaza Strip. The continuous presence and support of the UNIFIL peacekeeping forces in coordination with UNESCO advisory personnel is necessary to ensure the allowance of all levels of humanitarian aid, including humanitarian pauses and corridors, into Gaza per the conditions laid out in Resolution 2712 (2023). Therefore, we call for a total embargo on all arms entering Israel and Palestine, a strategy which has seen success most recently in the Central African Republic's now-concluded conflict. With all these considerations in mind, we strongly urge all UN Member States to officially recognize the territorial sovereignty of Palestine and welcome all movement toward the establishment of independent Palestinian statehood in line with the broader mission of peaceful Palestinian and Israeli coexistence. | |
| Country: | Mozambique |
| Topic: | The Situation in Ukraine |
| Paper text: | |
| The Government of Mozambique, having gone through devastating armed conflicts in recent years, is greatly concerned with the ongoing situation between Ukraine and Russia. We believe that achieving a peaceful resolution requires adherence to international law. Focusing primarily on the safety of the civilian population, along with the sovereignty and territorial integrity of each state. We recognize the importance of upholding the United Nations Charter concerning Article 2.4, which enshrines the importance of respecting sovereignty for all states. With great respect to Chapter 1, Article 1, part 2 of the United Nations, which gives the unquestionable right to self-determination of people. We acknowledge the right of states to assist repressed groups, but it must only do so within the guise of Chapter VII of the UN Charter and Article 13 of the Rome Statute. Additionally, all member states must continue to uphold our responsibilities to assist in the humanitarian efforts of those who are in need, according to Resolution A/RES/46/182(1991). As well as extend the sentiment of A/RES/45/100(1990) and A/RES/43/131(1988) to the suffering noncombatant population of the situation area in Eastern Europe. We encourage all states to adhere to S/RES/2024/400(2024) as it calls for the protection of Aid personnel and Peacekeepers who are in combat zones. Recalling the obligations that all states have to uphold the Geneva Convention of 1949 to protect noncombatants, we believe the best way to end the hostilities between Ukraine and Russia will be through mediated dialogue by the United Nations Peacebuilding Commission. Mozambique condemns the use of unilateral measures like sanctions as a means of coercion. We encourage all states to encourage both Russia and Ukraine to call a ceasefire so peacebuilding dialogue and humanitarian relief may take place. | |
| Country: | Mozambique |
| Topic: | The Situation in Abyei |
| Paper text: | |
| The dire humanitarian crisis and ethnic conflict in Abyei demands the attention of the entire international community. As Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the Horn of Africa Hanna Serwaa Tetteh reported in her Security Council briefing in May, over 630,000 refugees from Sudan have fled the ongoing civil conflict there between Rapid Security Forces and Sudanese Armed Forces, leading to increased pressures on already sub- standard access to food, clean water, and basic medical care as populations surge in South Sudan, with upwards of 2.4 million refugees, 65% of which are children according to UN Refugee Agency figures in July of 2023. Sexual violence wielded against civilian populations has also been widespread, in many cases amounting to crimes against humanity. These conditions have deteriorated much of the diplomatic progress made between representatives of the Ngok Dinka and Misseriya Arab ethnic groups and tragically contributed to the escalation of tensions and the deaths of civilians and UNISFA peacekeeping personnel. Mozambique, as a nation intimately familiar with the difficulties associated with reconciliation from war in a post-colonial African political landscape, reiterates its support for the progress made toward reconciliation via the Revitalized Peace Agreement despite recent challenges. We hold that the primary condition most conducive to lasting peace efforts in Abyei is a stable democratic process. Most conducive to that end is a legitimate force capable of enforcing a peaceful transition toward democracy in Sudan and South Sudan, which includes building up stable security and communications infrastructure. As laid out in Resolution 2567 (2021) in line with UNMISS and its mandate, we call for an expansion by the UNSC in the deployment of UNISFA peacekeeping personnel and resources for carrying out its mandate to protect civilians and vulnerable populations, especially women and children, from physical and sexual violence, and further call upon Sudan and South Sudan authorities to allow all UN peacekeeping personnel safe avenues of transportation. We particularly stress methods of conflict management in line with the strategies outlined by the African Union and Intergovernmental Authority on Development on prioritizing the effective training of mediation personnel and the maintenance of open and continuous structured dialogue as has seen much success in previous years and expect to see in the future (see IJAEM). This further entails relevant parties' full cooperation and assistance in the building up of technical and logistical support systems to best facilitate communications, resources, and effective monitoring of compliance in all parties' responsibilities to the UNMISS mandate. | |
| Country: | Republic of Korea |
| Topic: | The situation in the Middle East, including the Palestine question |
| Paper text: | |
| The alarming situation occurring in Israel regarding the Gaza Strip needs to be resolved peacefully.
We condemn the actions of Hamas during their attack on Israel on October 7th, 2023, as they
blatantly violated Article Three of the Geneva Convention, which prohibits the killing of unarmed
civilians and the taking of hostages. As of now, a total of 97 hostages are being held by Hamas, and
the Security Council should take more action in pressuring Hamas to release them. However, we are
also deeply concerned with how Israel is conducting their military operations in the Gaza Strip. Our
government believes that Israel is not doing enough to ensure that their operations are not
indiscriminately killing Palestinian civilians living in the Gaza Strip. We are appalled by how Israel's
actions, such as their artillery and bombardment campaigns and their recent incursion into Rafah,
have led to 34,000 Palestinian civilians being killed. With loss of life occurring on both sides, the
Security Council must take an active role in mediating the conflict by reaffirming Security Council
resolution 2734 (2024) on proposing an immediate and eventually permanent ceasefire in the Gaza
Strip. We must take active steps to ensure a peace deal between Israel and Hamas can be made to
cease hostilities in Gaza.
Furthermore, the situation in the West Bank is another issue that the Security Council needs to hold Israel accountable for. The international community has repeatedly condemned Israeli settlements being constructed in the West Bank since 1967. Our government believes that it is necessary to reaffirm Security Council resolution 446 (1979), which declares that Israeli settlements in the West Bank are illegal and prevent a two-state solution deal from ever occurring. The Security Council must pressure Israel by demanding a halt to more settlements being built in the West Bank. It is essential to hold Israel accountable for their illegal settlements, and measures should be taken to force Israel to comply with international law. | |
| Country: | Republic of Korea |
| Topic: | The Situation in Ukraine |
| Paper text: | |
| concerned about. The violent clashes between local militias, government forces and UN
peacekeeping forces must come to an end If there is to be any resolution to the matter. It is the
security council's priority to ensure the protection and safety of all UN personnel as stated in
resolution 1990. The UN cannot protect the people and prevent conflict from arising amongst
local
militia groups if it cannot protect its own personnel. There are currently only 4190 uniformed
UN
personnel within the region. It is our belief that an increase in that number will help protect not
only
UN personnel but also be in a better position to protect local civilians as well. The UN needs to
establish itself along with the government and the predominant police keeping force to ensure
the
election on whether Abyei should be a part of South Sudan. Preventing Militia groups from
disputing this vote will allow for decisions to be made that will eventually allow for the removal
of all
UN forces from the region.
It is in the Security Council's best interest to pressure South Sudan into changing its currently relaxed approach to the issue. South Sudan does not want to align with any one ethnic group by permanently democratic the borders of Abyei allowing for voter eligibility to be brought into question and militia groups to clash over disputed territory. By properly demarcating the region it will put to rest any question of voter eligibility and an effective vote will bring an end to most of the large-scale fighting as there will be no border dispute if a fair and effective vote is taken in Abyei. The Security Council must remain in the region until such a vote is taken and levels of violence decrease before removing itself from the region. | |
| Country: | Republic of Korea |
| Topic: | The Situation in the South China Sea |
| Paper text: | |
| The events transpiring in the Nagorno-Karabakh region are deeply concerning, and the
Security
Council must oversee a resolution to the conflict. Over the past thirty years, the international
community has seen constant clashes between the armed forces of Armenia and Azerbaijan
that
have threatened the lives of innocent civilians caught in the fighting. The last time the Security
Council passed a resolution to address the situation was in 1993 during the first Nagorno-
Karabakh
war. However, since 1993, conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan has erupted in 2020 and
2023,
and the Security Council still has not weighed in on how to solve the issue. We urge that the
most
effective way to resolve the current fighting between these nations is to propose a cease-fire
that
allows peace talks to continue. While both Azerbaijan and Armenia are in the process of
negotiating
peace, the skirmishing between these nations has threatened to disrupt any potential
agreement
for peace. A cease-fire imposed by a Security Council resolution can improve the conditions
needed
for a needed peace agreement to be made.
Additionally, with the concerns of ethnic cleansing and the loss of a peacekeeping force in Nagorno- Karabakh, we believe that the Security Council should enact a resolution to send peacekeepers to the region. The removal of the peacekeeping force sent by the Russian Federation is unfortunate as claims of ethnic cleansing persist in the area. We assert that any claim of ethnic cleansing or any violation of human rights should be treated seriously by the Security Council. As such, we believe that U.N. peacekeepers should be sent to ensure the prevention of more conflict and that ethnic Armenians who live in the Nagorno-Karabakh region are not being targeted for ethnic cleansing. The conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh needs to end, and the Security Council can promote a resolution to the conflict. | |
| Country: | Russian Federation |
| Topic: | The Situation in the Middle East |
| Paper text: | |
| The events that happened on October 7th, 2023, were unacceptable, and the Russian
Federation supports the State of Israel's right to self-defense, however, the events that took
place after the attacks were unjust. The Russian Federation finds the situation in the State of
Israel appalling. The actions that the State of Israel has taken on the people of Palestine is
nothing short of violations of international law. The Russian Federation has always and will
continue to support a two-state solution between Israel and the Palestinian people and
wishes for a quick end to the conflict in the Middle East. The Security Council was able to pass
Resolution 2728 which demanded a cease fire during the month of Ramadan, however, the
Council rejected an amendment that was proposed by the Russian Federation for a
permanent ceasefire. The Security Council has also passed SC Resolution 242 which
guarantees the territorial inviolability and political independence of every State in the area,
including the State of Palestine in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. The Russian Federation
suggests that the United Nations work on a two-state solution, but first this Council needs to
put its selfish political intentions aside and end the conflict in Gaza to achieve peace. In
particular, the Russian Federation would like to remind the Council of the adopted
resolution 2728 (2024) which seeks an immediate ceasefire.
The rapid expansion of settlements by the State of Israel within the West Bank is displacing over two thousand Palestinian people, and even 396 killed as reported by the UN Human Rights Chief. The Russian Federation condemns this rapid expansion of settlements and the displacement of the Palestinian people in the West Bank. A two-state solution between the Israelis and the Palestinian people should be the primary goal to create a more secure place for all to live. | |
| Country: | Russian Federation |
| Topic: | The Situation in the South China Sea |
| Paper text: | |
| The collective countries of China, Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam have all been competing each other for the various island territories since the 1970s. The Russian Federation calls for a reminder that the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) which have an agreement on which countries have exclusive rights to resource within their agreed upon areas. The Peoples Republic of China has inserted themselves on synthetic islands to exsert military power in the shared waters. The Russian Federation would like the Peoples Republic of China to accept and acknowledge that the UNCLOS ruled in favor of the Philippines in stating that China has no legal claims to enforce or assert their militarization in the region. Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea in which the countries pledged to respect the United Nations Charter and international laws which are there to promote peace and promote stability in the region. The Peoples Republic of China failed to recognize the territorial claims in the South China Sea and has ignored the arbitration court's ruling which has created military tensions in the area. The Philippines won the arbitration court in 2016 which claimed that China illegally interfered within the Philippe Exclusive Economic Zone. | |
| Country: | Russian Federation |
| Topic: | The Situation in Ukraine |
| Paper text: | |
| The Russian Federation would like to emphasize that the actions taken in Ukraine are to protect ethnic Russians and the rest of the Russian speaking population in the eastern part of Ukraine. The Russian Federation seeks to ensure that the regional security stays strong and is not to be undermined or provoked by NATO or its involvement in the region of Ukraine. The Russian Federation has no desire to escalate conflict and is open to peace talks. The imposed sanctions on Russian Federation are one-sided and damage the ordinary citizen who lives within the Federation. The Russian Federation would like to stress the support for a peaceful resolution but would like to state that with the Western financial support that Ukraine garnishes in weapons and military aid. This only fuels the conflict and increases region instability which creates more tensions and creates a conditioning for a continuous arms race. The failed negotiations with the Ukrainian government are due to not upholding its commitments or addressing Russian Federation security concerns. The Russian Federation recommends negotiating an agreement with Ukraine without the interference of the West. | |
| Country: | Slovenia |
| Topic: | The War in Ukraine |
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| When it comes to the War on Ukraine, the delegation of Slovenia firmly condemns the
Russian Federations aggression against the sovereign state of Ukraine and calls for
increased accountability mechanisms to comprehensively address Russias repeated
violations of UN Charter Article 2(4), the UN Convention on the Prevention and Punishment
of the Crime of Genocide, and the Geneva Convention. Slovenia finds Russias destruction
of civil infrastructure and displacement of over 8 million people firmly in violation of
international law. These actions are truly devastating and indicate a clear intention to
decimate Ukraine.
Slovenia strongly emphasizes humanitarian aid, collecting material aid in the months
following Russias invasion in 2022 and sending it to Ukraine with the help of the
Administration of the Republic of Slovenia for Civil Protection and Disaster Relief.
Furthermore, Slovenia has welcomed 11,700 Ukrainian refugees as of June 1st, 2024,
providing them with food, housing, education, and financial aid. In regards to education,
Slovenia has provided hundreds of displaced Ukrainian children to continue their education
from the kindergarten level to university. These students are automatically given the same
rights as Slovenian and EU citizens and benefit from state-provided Slovenian language
courses, books, and school meals.
Today, Slovenia continues to advocate for the millions of people either displaced because of
or trapped in the crossfire of Russias invasion of Ukraine. The delegation of Slovenia heavily
encourages the continuation of UN-provided aid to Ukraine that covers humanitarian and
military needs, along with the furthered punishment of Russia for its complete and utter lack
of care for the people suffering at their hands. Russia must be held accountable for its crimes
against the Ukrainian people.
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| Country: | Slovenia |
| Topic: | The Middle East & the Israeli-Hamas War |
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| Furthermore, the delegation of Slovenia stands strongly in its promotion of the common good and emphasis on accountability for member states in violation of international humanitarian law. Slovenia For this reason, as of June 2024, Slovenia officially recognizes the statehood of Palestine and condemns Israeli military officials for their continued and indiscriminate genocide of Gazan civilians. A permanent and immediate ceasefire is the moral duty of the United Nations Security Council, especially as Israel expands their military involvement into Lebanon and risks further civilian lives. To be exceedingly clear: Slovenia condemns the immoral and despicable actions of both the Israeli government and Hamas combatants. For this reason, Slovenia urges this body to center human lives and progress toward peace in this session's discussions. Not only does Slovenia support the expansion of United Nations Peacekeeping efforts in the area, but also the development of further accountability mechanisms for the human rights abuses committed by the Israeli Defense Force, expanded refugee support programs in the area, and the recognition of a right to return for displaced Palestinian refugees. The response from the international community must be unified and clear: warmongering and aggression against civilians will not be tolerated. In its stance, Slovenia specifically is guided by its participation in the ongoing International Court of Justice case brought against Israel by South Africa. Our nation strongly supports sanctions of Israel under the Genocide Convention as well as legal prosecution against West Bank settlers. In this body, Slovenia looks for meaningful solutions to address the active humanitarian abuses occurring in the Middle East and create lasting peace in the region. | |
| Country: | United Kingdom |
| Topic: | The situation in the Middle East, including the Palestine question |
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| The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland views the conflict within the
Middle East as a pressing concern. The greatest option for peace would be an immediate
ceasefire since force does not act as a sustainable solution in a multifaceted and historical
conflict. The United Kingdom also views the provision of aid and access to aid as of the
utmost importance to protecting injured populations within the conflict zone. This means
opening boundaries for the entry of humanitarian organizations to help mitigate human
loss. This also includes the involvement of Member States in providing personnel, funds,
transportation, and necessities for human life to impacted areas. Previously, the UK had
signed onto UN Security Council (UNSC) Resolution 2728 that called for a ceasefire and the
release of hostages, but it was not implemented. The UK also encourages Member States to
help develop media that is freely run and unimpeded in the face of violence given the
troubling closure of Al Jazeera's offices in conflict zones.
The UK stands committed to negotiating a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas. However, considerations for the progress of Palestine's statehood are necessary for a long-term, sustainable ceasefire. We support the new Palestinian Authority in setting up necessary reforms for the region and ensuring a path towards a two-state solution. When considering how to move forward from the conflict, we must remember that Palestinians need to be at the center of reconstruction and revitalization efforts. Immediate ceasefire is necessary and should involve the consent of both sides as well as a third party in negotiation efforts and humanitarian aid. Only by mediation can we get to solutions for a conflict that has become so dastardly. | |
| Country: | United Kingdom |
| Topic: | The Situation in Ukraine |
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| As Russia's illegal war on Ukraine continues, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Northern Ireland feels the need to stress the de-escalation of conflict and the removal of
Russian forces from Ukrainian territory with respect for Ukrainian sovereignty. The United
Kingdom has been a staunch supporter of Ukraine, donating over £12.8 billion to support
reconstruction and war efforts. Member States need to confront the past actions of
colonialism and imperialism and work towards building positive relationships with previous
colonies, respecting their sovereignty as Member States. The UK has had experience with
rebuilding in Ukraine through programs such as UK-Ukraine TechBridge and the Partnership
Fund for a Resilient Ukraine (PFRU), and we aim to expand these programs with the help of
the international community.
The United Kingdom also condemns the actions of other Member States in assisting Russia's escalation of the conflict through military cooperation, undermining the global nonproliferation regime. The UK aims to secure a just and sustained peace to the conflict which follows principles outlined in international law. This includes holding Member States accountable for war crimes they have committed. Additionally, providing defensive resources to Ukraine may act as a protective shield for the civilians who are inhumanely targeted. Member States should take this into consideration when recognizing the lack of negotiation of involved parties in conflict resolution. The UK asks Member States to recognize that applying sanctions against Russia and its conspirators can act as a method to condemn these states' actions against Ukraine. This aims to pressure Russia into diplomatic engagements and should act as incentivisation to enter a ceasefire. | |
| Country: | United Kingdom |
| Topic: | The Situation in the South China Sea |
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| The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland are conscious that the South China Sea must be protected to ensure free and open trade routes. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), sixty percent of global shipping passes through the Indo-Pacific, with the South China Sea accounting for a third. This issue must be seen as a priority for the world's growing economy. With competing claims of sovereignty over the seven regions of the South China Sea, the UK remains neutral to parties of the disputes. We condemn dangerous practices that interfere with a Member State's freedom of navigation and sovereignty. Unilateral attempts to circumvent, coerce, or destabilize bordering States out of the status quo for the region are not acceptable. The United Kingdom urges all parties to refrain from raising tensions and to behave in accordance with their international obligations such as the commitment to upholding the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which is a critical system of reference. Undermining decisions by the Tribunal and international law at any level has the potential to disrupt global governance towards peace and security. The UK emphasizes the need for international collaboration as vital in mitigating this conflict. We highlight the work of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) promoting dialogue on key issues in addressing this conflict and the multilateral initiatives of coordinating joint training, search and rescues, and environmental protection in the region. Specifically, establishing a code of conduct in the region that is agreed upon and upheld by all parties is essential to the future. The Delegation of the United Kingdom hopes to work together with fellow Member States to ease tensions in this region and prevent conflicts from escalating. | |
| Country: | United States of America |
| Topic: | Water Scarcity |
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| The United States views water scarcity as a pressing global issue that intersects with national security, economic stability, and environmental sustainability. Diplomatic opinions emphasize the importance of cooperative management of shared water resources, particularly in regions prone to conflict over water access, such as the Middle East and North Africa. The U.S. encourages transboundary water agreements and collaborative frameworks that foster dialogue among countries sharing vital water sources. Additionally, the U.S. recognizes the impact of climate change on water availability, advocating for international efforts to address environmental challenges. This includes support for technologies and strategies that improve water efficiency and resilience, particularly in agriculture and urban planning. U.S. diplomacy often highlights the need for investment in infrastructure that enhances water storage and distribution, aiming to mitigate the effects of droughts and floods. The U.S. also champions the human right to safe and clean drinking water, advocating for policies prioritizing access for vulnerable populations. Through initiatives like the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), our government funds projects that address water scarcity in developing nations, focusing on sustainable practices and local capacity building. In multilateral settings, such as the United Nations, the U.S. promotes the integration of water management into broader discussions on sustainable development and climate resilience. Overall, the U.S. stands firm on our position that water scarcity reflects a commitment to fostering international collaboration and innovative solutions, recognizing that water security is vital for global stability and prosperity. | |
| Country: | United States of America |
| Topic: | The Conflict in Gaza |
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| The United States government recognizes the Gaza conflict as a complex and multifaceted issue that poses significant challenges to regional stability and humanitarian conditions. Our position is rooted in a commitment to Israel's right to defend itself while also advocating for the humanitarian needs of the Palestinian people. The U.S. unequivocally supports Israel's right to defend itself against attacks from Hamas and other militant groups. The indiscriminate rocket fire targeting Israeli civilians is unacceptable and must be met with a strong response. We stand by Israel as it takes necessary actions to protect its citizens from these threats. Our military assistance and strategic partnership are vital components of this support, ensuring Israel can maintain its security. Simultaneously, the U.S. is deeply concerned about the humanitarian situation in Gaza. The impact of conflict on civilians is profound, and we urge all parties to adhere to international humanitarian law. It is critical that humanitarian aid reaches those in need and that the rights of the Palestinian people are upheld. The U.S. is committed to facilitating aid and working with international organizations to provide support for essential services in Gaza. Ultimately, a lasting resolution to the Gaza conflict can only be achieved through dialogue and negotiation. The U.S. advocates for a two-state solution, which recognizes the legitimate aspirations of both Israelis and Palestinians for peace and security. We call for renewed efforts to bring both sides to the negotiating table, focusing on mutual recognition and coexistence. In conclusion, the United States remains committed to a balanced approach that supports Israel's security while addressing humanitarian concerns in Gaza. Our goal is to foster an environment conducive to peace, stability, and prosperity for both Israelis and Palestinians. | |
| Country: | United States of America |
| Topic: | Global Data Security |
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| The United States views global data security as a critical issue that transcends national borders and affects economic stability, public safety, and international relations. As digital technologies become increasingly integrated into every aspect of society, the need for robust data security measures is more urgent than ever. The U.S. is committed to strengthening cybersecurity both domestically and internationally. We recognize that cyber threats, from state-sponsored attacks to criminal enterprises, pose significant risks to individual privacy, national security, and economic integrity. The U.S. actively promotes the development and adoption of comprehensive cybersecurity frameworks that emphasize collaboration between governments, private sectors, and international partners. To address the global nature of cyber threats, the U.S. advocates for the establishment of international standards and norms for data security. We support initiatives within organizations such as the United Nations and the International Telecommunication Union to create guidelines that enhance cooperation among nations in combating cybercrime. The U.S. believes that a collective approach is essential for addressing shared vulnerabilities and protecting critical infrastructure. In our pursuit of enhanced data security, the U.S. is also committed to protecting individual privacy and civil liberties. We believe that any measures taken must balance security needs with the fundamental rights of individuals. Transparent policies, strong oversight mechanisms, and public accountability are essential components of our approach to data security. In sum, the United States recognizes global data security as a vital area of focus for ensuring the safety and prosperity of nations worldwide. By promoting international cooperation, establishing robust cybersecurity standards, and protecting individual rights, the U.S. aims to foster a secure digital environment that benefits all. Our commitment to these principles will guide our efforts as we navigate the complexities of an increasingly interconnected world. | |
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